Difference between revisions of "Hardened Hearts/3/en"
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<page type="Disagreements"> | <page type="Disagreements"> | ||
<h1>Hardened Hearts</h1> | <h1>Hardened Hearts</h1> | ||
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<p>These are some of the central points of dispute (נקודות המחלוקת) between the various exegetes:</p> | <p>These are some of the central points of dispute (נקודות המחלוקת) between the various exegetes:</p> | ||
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<opinion>Disrespect to Hashem – Raavad</opinion> | <opinion>Disrespect to Hashem – Raavad</opinion> | ||
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<topic>Who hardened Paroh's heart? | <topic>Who hardened Paroh's heart? | ||
<opinion>Hashem – Lekach Tov, Ralbag</opinion> | <opinion>Hashem – Lekach Tov, Ralbag</opinion> | ||
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<opinion>Paroh – Ibn Ezra, various opinions cited by Meiri, R. Yosef ibn Kaspi, Akeidat Yitzchak, Abarbanel, Ma'asei Hashem, Biur, Shadal, Hoil Moshe, U. Cassuto</opinion> | <opinion>Paroh – Ibn Ezra, various opinions cited by Meiri, R. Yosef ibn Kaspi, Akeidat Yitzchak, Abarbanel, Ma'asei Hashem, Biur, Shadal, Hoil Moshe, U. Cassuto</opinion> | ||
</topic> | </topic> | ||
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<topic>What was the purpose of the Plagues? | <topic>What was the purpose of the Plagues? | ||
<opinion>Retribution – Shemot Rabbah, Lekach Tov, Rambam, Ralbag, Abarbanel</opinion> | <opinion>Retribution – Shemot Rabbah, Lekach Tov, Rambam, Ralbag, Abarbanel</opinion> | ||
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<opinion>Egyptian recognition of Hashem – R. Yitzchak Arama, Hoil Moshe</opinion> | <opinion>Egyptian recognition of Hashem – R. Yitzchak Arama, Hoil Moshe</opinion> | ||
<opinion>Rehabilitation of Paroh – R. Yosef ibn Shushan</opinion> | <opinion>Rehabilitation of Paroh – R. Yosef ibn Shushan</opinion> | ||
| − | <opinion>First nine plagues for rehabilitation, but Plague of Firstborn and Yam Suf for retribution – | + | <opinion>First nine plagues for rehabilitation, but Plague of Firstborn and Yam Suf for retribution – Sforno</opinion> |
</topic> | </topic> | ||
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<topic>How was the strengthening done? | <topic>How was the strengthening done? | ||
<opinion>Supernaturally – Many commentators</opinion> | <opinion>Supernaturally – Many commentators</opinion> | ||
<opinion>By natural means – Ibn Ezra, various opinions cited by Meiri, R. Yosef ibn Kaspi, Akeidat Yitzchak, Abarbanel, Ma'asei Hashem, Biur, Shadal, Hoil Moshe, U. Cassuto</opinion> | <opinion>By natural means – Ibn Ezra, various opinions cited by Meiri, R. Yosef ibn Kaspi, Akeidat Yitzchak, Abarbanel, Ma'asei Hashem, Biur, Shadal, Hoil Moshe, U. Cassuto</opinion> | ||
</topic> | </topic> | ||
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<topic>Why was Sichon punished? | <topic>Why was Sichon punished? | ||
<opinion>Licentious society – probably Ralbag</opinion> | <opinion>Licentious society – probably Ralbag</opinion> | ||
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<opinion>Attacking the Israelites – probably R. Yosef Albo</opinion> | <opinion>Attacking the Israelites – probably R. Yosef Albo</opinion> | ||
</topic> | </topic> | ||
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</disagreements> | </disagreements> | ||
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</page> | </page> | ||
</aht-xml> | </aht-xml> | ||
Latest revision as of 13:22, 28 January 2023
Hardened Hearts
Points of Dispute
These are some of the central points of dispute (נקודות המחלוקת) between the various exegetes:
- Why was Paroh punished – what sin did he commit?
- Persecution of the Israelites – Rambam, Abarbanel
- Licentious society – Ralbag
- Disrespect to Hashem – Raavad
- Who hardened Paroh's heart?
- Hashem – Lekach Tov, Ralbag
- Paroh at first and later Hashem – Tanchuma, Shemot Rabbah, Rashi, R. Saadia
- Paroh – Ibn Ezra, various opinions cited by Meiri, R. Yosef ibn Kaspi, Akeidat Yitzchak, Abarbanel, Ma'asei Hashem, Biur, Shadal, Hoil Moshe, U. Cassuto
- What was the purpose of the Plagues?
- Retribution – Shemot Rabbah, Lekach Tov, Rambam, Ralbag, Abarbanel
- Educate Israel – 4Q422, Bavli Yevamot, Rashi, Ralbag
- Egyptian recognition of Hashem – R. Yitzchak Arama, Hoil Moshe
- Rehabilitation of Paroh – R. Yosef ibn Shushan
- First nine plagues for rehabilitation, but Plague of Firstborn and Yam Suf for retribution – Sforno
- How was the strengthening done?
- Supernaturally – Many commentators
- By natural means – Ibn Ezra, various opinions cited by Meiri, R. Yosef ibn Kaspi, Akeidat Yitzchak, Abarbanel, Ma'asei Hashem, Biur, Shadal, Hoil Moshe, U. Cassuto
- Why was Sichon punished?
- Licentious society – probably Ralbag
- Unidentified sins – Rambam
- Part of seven Canaanite nations – R. Yosef ibn Shushan
- Attacking the Israelites – probably R. Yosef Albo
