Biblical Parallels Index – Shemot 7-11/0
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Biblical Parallels Index – Shemot 7-11
Hardened Hearts
Paroh is the first of three people or groups of people of whom Hashem says He will harden their hearts. The other two are Sichon (Devarim 2:30) and the Canaanites (Yehoshua 11:20).
Tools
- See Makbilot Bamikra for a list and links to of all the verses which speak of Hashem hardening someone's heart.
Articles
- See Hardened Hearts for analysis of different approaches to the hardening of human beings’ hearts in Tanakh.
- See And I Will Harden The Heart of Pharaoh, by R. Yaakov Medan, for a unified interpretation of the hardening of the hearts of Pharaoh, Sichon, and Canaan. He suggests that in all three cases the characters never fully lost their free will.
Moshe's Missions
The prophetic mission Hashem gives to Moshe in Parashat Vaera is somewhat parallel to that given in Parashat Shemot. The doubling makes one question both why it was necessary for Hashem to repeat the mission and where, if at all, the second mission differs from the first.
Tools
- See Makbilot BaMikra for links to the various verses which speak of Moshe's mission.
- To compare the two sets of chapters, see the Tanakh Lab.
Articles
- See R. Ezra Bick’s article, איך מושיעים את ישראל, for comparison and contrast of the mission as presented in Shemot 6 and in Shemot 3-4. R. Bick notes that the second mission contains a new emphasis on Moshe’s message to the nation of Israel, and on the manner in which Hashem intends to change the nation’s slave mentality.
- See R. Yaakov Medan's article, קורות משה עד יציאת מצרים, and more recently, ולא שמעו אל משה", בתוך: כי קרוב אליך (תל אביב, 2014): 86-90", who suggests that thirty years had elapsed between the encounter at the burning bush and the mission of Chapter 6. Though the second mission is not fundamentally different than the first, it is addressed to a new generation.
