ANE:Sefer Melakhim and the Ancient Near East/5

EN/HEע/E

Sefer Melakhim and the Ancient Near East

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Melakhim I 14:21-27מלכים א׳ י״ד:כ״א-כ״ז

(21) And Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah. Rehoboam was forty and one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the Lord had chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, to put His name there; and his mother's name was Naamah the Ammonitess. (22) And Judah did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord; and they moved Him to jealousy with their sins which they committed, above all that their fathers had done. (23) For they also built them high places, and pillars, and Asherim, on every high hill, and under every leafy tree; (24) and there were also sodomites in the land; they did according to all the abominations of the nations which the Lord drove out before the children of Israel. (25) And it came to pass in the fifth year of king Rehoboam, that Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem; (26) and he took away the treasures of the house of the Lord, and the treasures of the king's house; he even took away all; and he took away all the shields of gold which Solomon had made. (27) And king Rehoboam made in their stead shields of brass, and committed them to the hands of the captains of the guard, who kept the door of the king's house.

(כא) וּרְחַבְעָם בֶּן שְׁלֹמֹה מָלַךְ בִּיהוּדָה בֶּן אַרְבָּעִים וְאַחַת שָׁנָה רְחַבְעָם בְּמׇלְכוֹ וּשְׁבַע עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה מָלַךְ בִּירוּשָׁלַ‍ִם הָעִיר אֲשֶׁר בָּחַר י"י לָשׂוּם אֶת שְׁמוֹ שָׁם מִכֹּל שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְשֵׁם אִמּוֹ נַעֲמָה הָעַמֹּנִית. (כב) וַיַּעַשׂ יְהוּדָה הָרַע בְּעֵינֵי י"י וַיְקַנְאוּ אֹתוֹ מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ אֲבֹתָם בְּחַטֹּאתָם אֲשֶׁר חָטָאוּ. (כג) וַיִּבְנוּ גַם הֵמָּה לָהֶם בָּמוֹת וּמַצֵּבוֹת וַאֲשֵׁרִים עַל כׇּל גִּבְעָה גְבֹהָה וְתַחַת כׇּל עֵץ רַעֲנָן. (כד) וְגַם קָדֵשׁ הָיָה בָאָרֶץ עָשׂוּ כְּכֹל הַתּוֹעֲבֹת הַגּוֹיִם אֲשֶׁר הוֹרִישׁ י"י מִפְּנֵי בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל. (כה) וַיְהִי בַּשָּׁנָה הַחֲמִישִׁית לַמֶּלֶךְ רְחַבְעָם עָלָה [שִׁישַׁק] (שושק) מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם עַל יְרוּשָׁלָ‍ִם. (כו) וַיִּקַּח אֶת אֹצְרוֹת בֵּית י"י וְאֶת אוֹצְרוֹת בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ וְאֶת הַכֹּל לָקָח וַיִּקַּח אֶת כׇּל מָגִנֵּי הַזָּהָב אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה שְׁלֹמֹה. (כז) וַיַּעַשׂ הַמֶּלֶךְ רְחַבְעָם תַּחְתָּם מָגִנֵּי נְחֹשֶׁת וְהִפְקִיד עַל יַד שָׂרֵי הָרָצִים הַשֹּׁמְרִים פֶּתַח בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ.

Melakhim I 20:1, 26-43מלכים א׳ כ׳:א, כ"ו-מ"ג

(1) And Ben-hadad the king of Aram gathered all his host together; and there were thirty and two kings with him, and horses and chariots; and he went up and besieged Samaria, and fought against it. (26) And it came to pass at the return of the year, that Ben-hadad mustered the Arameans, and went up to Aphek, to fight against Israel. (27) And the children of Israel were mustered, and were victualled, and went against them; and the children of Israel encamped before them like two little flocks of kids; but the Arameans filled the country. (28) And a man of God came near and spoke unto the king of Israel, and said: 'Thus saith the Lord: Because the Arameans have said: The Lord is a God of the hills, but he is not a God of the valleys; therefore will I deliver all this great multitude into thy hand, and ye shall know that I am the Lord.' (29) And they encamped one over against the other seven days. And so it was, that in the seventh day the battle was joined; and the children of Israel slew of the Arameans a hundred thousand footmen in one day. (30) But the rest fled to Aphek, into the city; and the wall fell upon twenty and seven thousand men that were left. And Ben-hadad fled, and came into the city, into an inner chamber. (31) And his servants said unto him: 'Behold now, we have heard that the kings of the house of Israel are merciful kings; let us, we pray thee, put sackcloth on our loins, and ropes upon our heads, and go out to the king of Israel; peradventure he will save thy life.' (32) So they girded sackcloth on their loins, and put ropes on their heads, and came to the king of Israel, and said: 'Thy servant Ben-hadad saith: I pray thee, let me live.' And he said: 'Is he yet alive? he is my brother.' (33) Now the men took it for a sign, and hastened to catch it fromhim; and they said: 'Thy brother Ben-hadad.' Then he said: 'Go ye, bring him.' Then Ben-hadad came forth to him; and he caused him to come up into his chariot. (34) And [Ben-hadad] said unto him: 'The cities which my father took from thy father I will restore; and thou shalt make streets for thee in Damascus, as my father made in Samaria.' 'And I, said Ahab, will let thee go with this covenant.' So he made a covenant with him, and let him go. (35) And a certain man of the sons of the prophets said unto his fellow by the word of the Lord: 'Smite me, I pray thee.' And the man refused to smite him. (36) Then said he unto him: 'Because thou hast not heartened to the voice of the Lord, behold, as soon as thou art departed from me, a lion shall slay thee.' And as soon as he was departed from him, a lion found him; and slew him. (37) Then he found another man, and said: 'Smite me, I pray thee.' And the man smote him, smiting and wounding him. (38) So the prophet departed, and waited for the king by the way, and disguised himself with his headband over his eyes. (39) And as the king passed by, he cried unto the king; and he said: 'Thy servant went out into the midst of the battle; and, behold, a man turned aside, and brought a man unto me, and said: Keep this man; if by any means he be missing, then shall thy life be for his life, or else thou shalt pay a talent of silver. (40) And as thy servant was busy here and there, he was gone.' And the king of Israel said unto him: 'So shall thy judgment be; thyself hast decided it.' (41) And he hastened, and took the headband away from his eyes; and the king of Israel discerned him that he was of the prophets. (42) And he said unto him: 'Thus saith the Lord: Because thou hast let go out of thy hand the man whom I had devoted to destruction, therefore thy life shall go for his life, and thy people for his people.' (43) And the king of Israel went to his house sullen and displeased, and came to Samaria.

(א) וּבֶן הֲדַד מֶלֶךְ אֲרָם קָבַץ אֶת כׇּל חֵילוֹ וּשְׁלֹשִׁים וּשְׁנַיִם מֶלֶךְ אִתּוֹ וְסוּס וָרָכֶב וַיַּעַל וַיָּצַר עַל שֹׁמְרוֹן וַיִּלָּחֶם בָּהּ.... (כו) וַיְהִי לִתְשׁוּבַת הַשָּׁנָה וַיִּפְקֹד בֶּן הֲדַד אֶת אֲרָם וַיַּעַל אֲפֵקָה לַמִּלְחָמָה עִם יִשְׂרָאֵל. (כז) וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הׇתְפָּקְדוּ וְכׇלְכְּלוּ וַיֵּלְכוּ לִקְרָאתָם וַיַּחֲנוּ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל נֶגְדָּם כִּשְׁנֵי חֲשִׂפֵי עִזִּים וַאֲרָם מִלְאוּ אֶת הָאָרֶץ. (כח) וַיִּגַּשׁ אִישׁ הָאֱלֹהִים וַיֹּאמֶר אֶל מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיֹּאמֶר כֹּה אָמַר י"י יַעַן אֲשֶׁר אָמְרוּ אֲרָם אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י"י וְלֹא אֱלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים הוּא וְנָתַתִּי אֶת כׇּל הֶהָמוֹן הַגָּדוֹל הַזֶּה בְּיָדֶךָ וִידַעְתֶּם כִּי אֲנִי י"י. (כט) וַיַּחֲנוּ אֵלֶּה נֹכַח אֵלֶּה שִׁבְעַת יָמִים וַיְהִי בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי וַתִּקְרַב הַמִּלְחָמָה וַיַּכּוּ בְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת אֲרָם מֵאָה אֶלֶף רַגְלִי בְּיוֹם אֶחָד. (ל) וַיָּנֻסוּ הַנּוֹתָרִים אֲפֵקָה אֶל הָעִיר וַתִּפֹּל הַחוֹמָה עַל עֶשְׂרִים וְשִׁבְעָה אֶלֶף אִישׁ הַנּוֹתָרִים וּבֶן הֲדַד נָס וַיָּבֹא אֶל הָעִיר חֶדֶר בְּחָדֶר. (לא) וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֵלָיו עֲבָדָיו הִנֵּה נָא שָׁמַעְנוּ כִּי מַלְכֵי בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל כִּי מַלְכֵי חֶסֶד הֵם נָשִׂימָה נָּא שַׂקִּים בְּמׇתְנֵינוּ וַחֲבָלִים בְּרֹאשֵׁנוּ וְנֵצֵא אֶל מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל אוּלַי יְחַיֶּה אֶת נַפְשֶׁךָ. (לב) וַיַּחְגְּרוּ שַׂקִּים בְּמׇתְנֵיהֶם וַחֲבָלִים בְּרָאשֵׁיהֶם וַיָּבֹאוּ אֶל מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיֹּאמְרוּ עַבְדְּךָ בֶן הֲדַד אָמַר תְּחִי נָא נַפְשִׁי וַיֹּאמֶר הַעוֹדֶנּוּ חַי אָחִי הוּא. (לג) וְהָאֲנָשִׁים יְנַחֲשׁוּ וַיְמַהֲרוּ וַיַּחְלְטוּ הֲמִמֶּנּוּ וַיֹּאמְרוּ אָחִיךָ בֶן הֲדַד וַיֹּאמֶר בֹּאוּ קָחֻהוּ וַיֵּצֵא אֵלָיו בֶּן הֲדַד וַיַּעֲלֵהוּ עַל הַמֶּרְכָּבָה. (לד) וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלָיו הֶעָרִים אֲשֶׁר לָקַח אָבִי מֵאֵת אָבִיךָ אָשִׁיב וְחֻצוֹת תָּשִׂים לְךָ בְדַמֶּשֶׂק כַּאֲשֶׁר שָׂם אָבִי בְּשֹׁמְרוֹן וַאֲנִי בַּבְּרִית אֲשַׁלְּחֶךָּ וַיִּכְרׇת לוֹ בְרִית וַיְשַׁלְּחֵהוּ. (לה) וְאִישׁ אֶחָד מִבְּנֵי הַנְּבִיאִים אָמַר אֶל רֵעֵהוּ בִּדְבַר י"י הַכֵּינִי נָא וַיְמָאֵן הָאִישׁ לְהַכֹּתוֹ. (לו) וַיֹּאמֶר לוֹ יַעַן אֲשֶׁר לֹא שָׁמַעְתָּ בְּקוֹל י"י הִנְּךָ הוֹלֵךְ מֵאִתִּי וְהִכְּךָ הָאַרְיֵה וַיֵּלֶךְ מֵאֶצְלוֹ וַיִּמְצָאֵהוּ הָאַרְיֵה וַיַּכֵּהוּ. (לז) וַיִּמְצָא אִישׁ אַחֵר וַיֹּאמֶר הַכֵּינִי נָא וַיַּכֵּהוּ הָאִישׁ הַכֵּה וּפָצֹעַ. (לח) וַיֵּלֶךְ הַנָּבִיא וַיַּעֲמֹד לַמֶּלֶךְ עַל הַדָּרֶךְ וַיִּתְחַפֵּשׂ בָּאֲפֵר עַל עֵינָיו. (לט) וַיְהִי הַמֶּלֶךְ עֹבֵר וְהוּא צָעַק אֶל הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיֹּאמֶר עַבְדְּךָ יָצָא בְקֶרֶב הַמִּלְחָמָה וְהִנֵּה אִישׁ סָר וַיָּבֵא אֵלַי אִישׁ וַיֹּאמֶר שְׁמֹר אֶת הָאִישׁ הַזֶּה אִם הִפָּקֵד יִפָּקֵד וְהָיְתָה נַפְשְׁךָ תַּחַת נַפְשׁוֹ אוֹ כִכַּר כֶּסֶף תִּשְׁקוֹל. (מ) וַיְהִי עַבְדְּךָ עֹשֵׂה הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה וְהוּא אֵינֶנּוּ וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלָיו מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל כֵּן מִשְׁפָּטֶךָ אַתָּה חָרָצְתָּ. (מא) וַיְמַהֵר וַיָּסַר אֶת הָאֲפֵר [מֵעֲלֵי] (מעל) עֵינָיו וַיַּכֵּר אֹתוֹ מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל כִּי מֵהַנְּבִיאִים הוּא. (מב) וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלָיו כֹּה אָמַר י"י יַעַן שִׁלַּחְתָּ אֶת אִישׁ חֶרְמִי מִיָּד וְהָיְתָה נַפְשְׁךָ תַּחַת נַפְשׁוֹ וְעַמְּךָ תַּחַת עַמּוֹ. (מג) וַיֵּלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל בֵּיתוֹ סַר וְזָעֵף וַיָּבֹא שֹׁמְרוֹנָה.

Divrei HaYamim II 12:2-12דברי הימים ב׳ י״ב:ב׳-י״ב

(2) And it came to pass in the fifth year of king Rehoboam, that Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem, because they had dealt treacherously with the Lord, (3) with twelve hundred chariots, and threescore thousand horsemen; and the people were without number that came with him out of Egypt; the Lubim, the Sukkiim, and the Ethiopians. (4) And he took the fortified cities which pertained to Judah, and came unto Jerusalem. (5) Now Shemaiah the prophet came to Rehoboam, and to the princes of Judah, that were gathered together to Jerusalem because of Shishak, and said unto them: 'Thus saith the Lord: Ye have forsaken Me, therefore have I also left you in the hand of Shishak.' (6) Then the princes of Israel and the king humbled themselves; and they said: 'The Lord is righteous.' (7) And when the Lord saw that they humbled themselves, the word of the Lord came to Shemaiah, saying: 'They have humbled themselves; I will not destroy them; but I will grant them some deliverance, and My wrath shall not be poured out upon Jerusalem by the hand of Shishak. (8) Nevertheless they shall be his servants; that they may know My service, and the service of the kingdoms of the countries.' (9) So Shishak king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem, and took away the treasures of the house of the Lord, and the treasures of the king's house; he took all away; he took away also the shields of gold which Solomon had made. (10) And king Rehoboam made in their stead shields of brass, and committed them to the hands of the captains of the guard, that kept the door of the king's house. (11) And it was so, that as oft as the king entered into the house of the Lord, the guard came and bore them, and brought them back into the guard-chamber. (12) And when he humbled himself, the anger of the Lord turned from him, that He would not destroy him altogether; and moreover in Judah there were good things found.

(ב) וַיְהִי בַּשָּׁנָה הַחֲמִישִׁית לַמֶּלֶךְ רְחַבְעָם עָלָה שִׁישַׁק מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם עַל יְרוּשָׁלָ‍ִם כִּי מָעֲלוּ בַּי"י. (ג) בְּאֶלֶף וּמָאתַיִם רֶכֶב וּבְשִׁשִּׁים אֶלֶף פָּרָשִׁים וְאֵין מִסְפָּר לָעָם אֲשֶׁר בָּאוּ עִמּוֹ מִמִּצְרַיִם לוּבִים סֻכִּיִּים וְכוּשִׁים. (ד) וַיִּלְכֹּד אֶת עָרֵי הַמְּצֻרוֹת אֲשֶׁר לִיהוּדָה וַיָּבֹא עַד יְרוּשָׁלָ‍ִם. (ה) וּשְׁמַעְיָה הַנָּבִיא בָּא אֶל רְחַבְעָם וְשָׂרֵי יְהוּדָה אֲשֶׁר נֶאֶסְפוּ אֶל יְרוּשָׁלַ‍ִם מִפְּנֵי שִׁישָׁק וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם כֹּה אָמַר י"י אַתֶּם עֲזַבְתֶּם אֹתִי וְאַף אֲנִי עָזַבְתִּי אֶתְכֶם בְּיַד שִׁישָׁק. (ו) וַיִּכָּנְעוּ שָׂרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְהַמֶּלֶךְ וַיֹּאמְרוּ צַדִּיק י"י. (ז) וּבִרְאוֹת י"י כִּי נִכְנָעוּ הָיָה דְבַר י"י אֶל שְׁמַעְיָה לֵאמֹר נִכְנְעוּ לֹא אַשְׁחִיתֵם וְנָתַתִּי לָהֶם כִּמְעַט לִפְלֵיטָה וְלֹא תִתַּךְ חֲמָתִי בִּירוּשָׁלַ‍ִם בְּיַד שִׁישָׁק. (ח) כִּי יִהְיוּ לוֹ לַעֲבָדִים וְיֵדְעוּ עֲבוֹדָתִי וַעֲבוֹדַת מַמְלְכוֹת הָאֲרָצוֹת. (ט) וַיַּעַל שִׁישַׁק מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם עַל יְרוּשָׁלַ‍ִם וַיִּקַּח אֶת אֹצְרוֹת בֵּית י"י וְאֶת אֹצְרוֹת בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶת הַכֹּל לָקָח וַיִּקַּח אֶת מָגִנֵּי הַזָּהָב אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה שְׁלֹמֹה. (י) וַיַּעַשׂ הַמֶּלֶךְ רְחַבְעָם תַּחְתֵּיהֶם מָגִנֵּי נְחֹשֶׁת וְהִפְקִיד עַל יַד שָׂרֵי הָרָצִים הַשֹּׁמְרִים פֶּתַח בֵּית הַמֶּלֶךְ. (יא) וַיְהִי מִדֵּי בוֹא הַמֶּלֶךְ בֵּית י"י בָּאוּ הָרָצִים וּנְשָׂאוּם וֶהֱשִׁבוּם אֶל תָּא הָרָצִים. (יב) וּבְהִכָּנְעוֹ שָׁב מִמֶּנּוּ אַף י"י וְלֹא לְהַשְׁחִית לְכָלָה וְגַם בִּיהוּדָה הָיָה דְּבָרִים טוֹבִים.