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Biblical Parallels Index – Bereshit 6-9

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Bereshit Rabbah 26:7בראשית רבה כ״ו:ז׳

רַבִּי אַחָא בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי אָמַר, קָשָׁה הִיא הַמַּחֲלֹקֶת כְּדוֹר הַמַּבּוּל, נֶאֱמַר כָּאן אַנְשֵׁי הַשֵּׁם, וְנֶאֱמַר לְהַלָּן (במדבר ט״ז:ב׳): קְרִאֵי מוֹעֵד אַנְשֵׁי שֵׁם, מַה אַנְשֵׁי הַשֵּׁם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר לְהַלָּן מַחֲלֹקֶת אַף אַנְשֵׁי שֵׁם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר כָּאן מַחֲלֹקֶת.

Tanchuma Noach 5תנחומא פרשת נח ה׳

These are the generations of Noah. Noah was a righteous man … Noah walked with God (Gen. 6:9). Why is Noah’s name repeated three times in this single verse? Because he was one of the three men privileged to experience three changes that occurred in the world. The three were Noah, Daniel, and Job. Noah saw the world inhabited, he witnessed its destruction, and finally he beheld it reinhabited. Daniel saw the first Temple intact, he beheld its destruction, and then he witnessed the erection of the second Temple. Job saw his household established, he beheld its destruction, and he finally witnessed its reestablishment. Noah was a righteous man. Noah was called righteous because he fed the creatures of the Holy One, blessed be He. Two men were called righteous because they fed the creatures of the Holy One, blessed be He. They were Noah and Joseph. It is written concerning Joseph: Because they sell the righteous for silver (Amos 2:6), and of Joseph it is also said: And Joseph fed (Gen. 47:12). R. Ahava the son of R. Ze’era said: Even Noah’s sons, the animals, the beasts, the birds, and the creeping things that accompanied him into the ark were righteous. At the time of the generation of the flood, all flesh had corrupted their way upon the earth (Gen. 6:12), as it is stated in Scripture concerning them. The domesticated animals copulated with the beasts, the beasts with the animals, they with men, and the men with them. Therefore, it is stated: Behold, I will destroy them with the earth (ibid., v. 13). How do we know that at the very hour that they were created, the animals, the beasts, the birds, and the creeping things were commanded not to copulate with any species other than their own? It is written: And God made the beast of the earth after its kind (Gen. 1:25). The Holy One, blessed be He, told them: Each shall cleave to its own and is forbidden to go to another. He was righteous (Gen. 6:9). This suggests that he was one of the seven men born circumcised. Adam and his son Seth were born circumcised, as it is written: He begot a son in his own likeness after his image, and he called him Seth (Gen. 5:3). Noah was born circumcised, as it is written: He was righteous (lit. “perfect”) in his generations (ibid. 7:1); Jacob was born circumcised, for it is said: And Jacob was a quiet (lit. “perfect”) man (ibid. 25:27); Joseph was born circumcised, for it is written: These are the generations of Jacob: Joseph (ibid. 37:2) because he resembled his father; Moses was born circumcised, as it is said: And she saw that he was a goodly child (Exod. 2:2); and Job was born circumcised, as it is written: A wholehearted (lit. “just”) and upright (“perfect”) man (Job 1:1). In his generation. Do these words imply that Noah would not have been considered righteous if he had lived in another generation? R. Judah and R. Nehemiah differed concerning this question. One said: He was righteous in comparison to the men who lived during the Generation of the Flood and the Generation of the Separation, but if he had lived in Abraham’s generation he would have been lost among them. For example, if a barrel of balsam oil is placed in a filthy area, its scent permeates that area, but if it is placed in another locality (a clean area), its scent might not permeate that area. The other argued: If he was righteous in such a generation, how much more righteous would he have been had he lived in any other generation! For example, if a vial of spikenard oil is set in a filthy place, it will give forth a pleasant fragrance, but how much more pleasant would its fragrance be were it placed in an attractive area. Noah walked with God. The Holy One, blessed be He, supported Noah lest he sink to the level of the generation of the flood. For example, if a king’s son starts out on a journey as his father’s emissary, and is forced to travel upon a road thick with mud, the king supports him along the road lest he sink into the mire. However, with reference to Abraham, it is written: Walk before Me, etc. (Gen. 17:1), and concerning the patriarchs, it is said: The God before whom my fathers walked (ibid. 48:15). They preceded the Shekhinah, in order to fulfill His will. Make yourself an ark of acacia-wood (Gen. 6:14). R. Huna said in the name of R. Yosé: The Holy One, blessed be He, forewarned the generation of the flood to repent its misdeeds for one hundred and twenty years. When they refused to repent, He commanded Noah to build an ark of acacia-wood. Then Noah arose, repented his sins, and planted cedar trees. They asked him: “What are these cedars for?” “The Holy One, blessed be He, intends to bring a flood upon the earth, and He has ordered me to build an ark so that I and my family might escape,” he replied. They laughed at him and ridiculed his words. Nevertheless, he tended the trees till they grew large. Once again they asked him: “What are you doing?” He repeated what he had told them previously, but they continued to mock him. After some time, he cut down the trees and sawed them into lumber. Again they inquired: “What are you doing?” He warned them once again as to what would happen, but they still refused to repent. Thereupon the Holy One, blessed be He, brought the flood upon them, as it is said: And they were blotted out from the earth (Gen. 7:23).

אֵלֶּה תּוֹלְדֹת נֹחַ נֹחַ וְגוֹ׳, אֶת הָאֱלֹהִים הִתְהַלֶּךְ נֹחַ. שָׁלֹש פְּעָמִים בַּפָּסוּק נֹחַ לָמָּה, זֶה אֶחָד מִשְּׁלֹשָׁה שֶׁרָאוּ שְׁלֹשָה עוֹלָמוֹת, נֹחַ וְדָנִיֵּאל, וְאִיּוֹב. נֹחַ, רָאָה עוֹלָם בְּיִשּׁוּבוֹ וְרָאָהוּ בְּחֻרְבָּנוֹ וְחָזַר וְרָאָהוּ בְּיִשּׁוּבוֹ. דָּנִיֵּאל, רָאָה בִנְיַן בַּיִת רִאשׁוֹן וְרָאָהוּ חָרֵב וְחָזַר וְרָאָהוּ בָנוּי בְּבִנְיַן בַּיִת שֵׁנִי. אִיּוֹב, רָאָה בִּנְיַן בֵּיתוֹ וְחֻרְבָּנוֹ וְחָזַר וְרָאָה בְּיִשׁוּבוֹ. אִישׁ צַדִּיק, עַל שֶׁזָּן בְּרִיּוֹתָיו שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא נִקְרָא צַדִּיק. שְׁנֵי בְּנֵי אָדָם נִקְרְאוּ צַדִּיקִים עַל שֶׁזָּנוּ אֶת הַבְּרִיוֹת, נֹחַ וְיוֹסֵף. שֶׁכָּךְ כְּתִיב בּוֹ, עַל מִכְרָם בַּכֶּסֶף צַדִּיק (עמוס ב׳:ו׳). וּכְתִיב בּוֹ, וַיְכַלְכֵּל יוֹסֵף (בראשית מ״ז:י״ב). אָמַר רַב אַחֲוָה בַּר רַב זְעִירָא, אַף בְּנֵי נֹחַ שֶׁנִּכְנְסוּ בַתֵּבָה וְהַבְּהֵמָה וְהַחַיָּה וְהָעוֹפוֹת, כֻּלָּן צַדִּיקִים הָיוּ, לְפִי שֶׁדּוֹר הַמַּבּוּל הִשְׁחִית כָּל בָּשָׂר אֶת דַּרְכּוֹ עַל הָאָרֶץ כְּתִיב בָּהֶן, שֶׁהִרְבִּיעוּ בְּהֵמָה עַל חַיָּה וְחַיָּה עַל בְּהֵמָה וְהַכֹּל עַל אָדָם וְאָדָם עַל הַכֹּל, לְפִיכָךְ כְּתִיב בָּהֶן, הִנְנִי מַשְׁחִיתָם אֶת הָאָרֶץ. וּמִנַּיִן שֶׁמִּמַּעֲשֵׂה בְרֵאשִׁית נִצְטַוּוּ הַבְּהֵמוֹת וְהַחַיּוֹת וָרֶמֶשׂ שֶׁלֹּא לְהִדָּבֵק עִם שֶׁאֵינוֹ מִינוֹ, דִּכְתִיב: וַיַּעַשׂ אֱלֹהִים אֶת חַיַּת הָאָרֶץ לְמִינָהּ וְגוֹ׳ (בראשית א׳:כ״ה). אָמַר לָהֶן הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: כָּל מִין וָמִין יִדְבַּק בְּמִינוֹ, וְשֶׁאֵינוֹ מִינוֹ אָסוּר. תָּמִים, זֶה אֶחָד מִשִּׁבְעָה מְהוּלִים שֶׁנּוֹלְדוּ בָעוֹלָם, אָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן נִבְרָא מָהוּל, וְשֵׁת בְּנוֹ נוֹלַד מָהוּל, דִּכְתִיב: וַיּוֹלֶד בִּדְמוּתוֹ כְּצַלְמוֹ (בראשית ה׳:ג׳). נֹחַ נוֹלַד מָהוּל, דִּכְתִיב: תָּמִים הָיָה בְּדֹרֹתָיו. יַעֲקֹב נוֹלַד מָהוּל, דִּכְתִיב: וְיַעֲקֹב אִישׁ תָּם (בראשית כ״ה:כ״ז). וְיוֹסֵף נוֹלַד מָהוּל, דִּכְתִיב: אֵלֶּה תֹּלְדוֹת יַעֲקֹב יוֹסֵף (בראשית ל״ז:ב׳), שֶׁהָיָה דוֹמֶה לְאָבִיו. מֹשֶׁה נוֹלַד מָהוּל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַתֵּרֶא אֹתוֹ כִּי טוֹב הוּא (שמות ב׳:ב׳). וְאִיּוֹב נוֹלַד מָהוּל, דִּכְתִיב: אִישׁ תָּם וְיָשָׁר (איוב א׳:ח׳). בְּדֹרֹתָיו, וְלֹא בְדוֹרוֹת אֲחֵרִים. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה וְרַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה. חַד אָמַר, תָּמִים הָיָה בְּדוֹר הַמַּבּוּל וּבְדוֹר הַפַּלָּגָה, שֶׁאִלּוּ הָיָה בְּדוֹרוֹ שֶׁל אַבְרָהָם אָבִינוּ, לֹא מָצָא יָדָיו וְרַגְלָיו. מָשָׁל לְחָבִית שֶׁל אֲפַרְסְמוֹן שֶׁהָיְתָה מֻנַּחַת בְּמָקוֹם הַמְטֻנָּף. בִּמְקוֹמָהּ, רֵיחָה נוֹדֵף. שֶׁלֹּא בִמְקוֹמָהּ אֵין רֵיחָהּ נוֹדֵף. וְחַד אָמַר, תָּמִים הָיָה בְּדֹרֹתָיו, כָּל שֶׁכֵּן בְּדוֹרוֹת אֲחֵרִים. מָשָׁל לִצְלוֹחִית שֶׁל פַּלְיָטוֹן שֶׁהָיְתָה מֻנַּחַת בִּמְקוֹם הַטִּנֹפֶת רֵיחָהּ נוֹדֵף, כָּל שֶׁכֵּן אִם הָיְתָה מֻנַּחַת בִּמְקוֹם הַבֹּשֶׂם. אֶת הָאֱלֹהִים הִתְהַלֶּךְ נֹחַ, שֶׁהָיָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא סוֹמְכוֹ שֶׁלֹּא יִשְׁתַּקַּע בְּמַעֲשֵׂה דוֹר הַמַּבּוּל. מָשָׁל לְמֶלֶךְ שֶׁהָיָה לוֹ בֵן וְהָיָה הוֹלֵךְ בִּשְׁלִיחוּת אָבִיו, וְהָיָה לְפָנָיו דֶּרֶךְ מְשֻׁקָּע בְּטִיט, וְהָיָה הַמֶּלֶךְ סוֹמְכוֹ שֶׁלֹא יִשְׁקַע בַּטִּיט. אֲבָל אַבְרָהָם כְּתִיב בּוֹ, הִתְהַלֵּךְ לְפָנַי (בראשית מ״ח:ט״ו), וּבָאָבוֹת כְּתִיב: הָאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר הִתְהַלְּכוּ אֲבוֹתַי לְפָנָיו שֶׁהָיוּ מְרַוְּחִין לַשְּׁכִינָה, וְהָיוּ מַקְדִּימִין וְהוֹלְכִין לְפָנָיו לַעֲשׂוֹת רְצוֹנוֹ. עֲשֵׂה לְךָ תֵּבַת עֲצֵי גֹפֶר, אָמַר רַב הוּנָא בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי יוֹסִי, מֵאָה וְעֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה הָיָה מַתְרֶה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּדוֹר הַמַּבּוּל, שֶׁמָּא יַעֲשׂוּ תְשׁוּבָה. כֵּיוָן שֶׁלֹּא עָשׂוּ תְשׁוּבָה, אָמַר לוֹ: עֲשֵׂה לְךָ תֵּבַת עֲצֵי גֹפֶר. עָמַד נֹחַ וְעָשָׂה תְשׁוּבָה וְנָטַע אֲרָזִים. וְהָיוּ אוֹמְרִין לוֹ, אֲרָזִים אֵלּוּ לָמָּה? אָמַר לָהֶן, הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְבַקֵּשׁ לְהָבִיא מַבּוּל לָעוֹלָם, וְאָמַר לִי לַעֲשׂוֹת תֵּבָה, כְּדֵי שֶׁאִמָּלֵט בָּהּ אֲנִי וּבֵיתִי. וְהָיוּ מְשַׂחֲקִין מִמֶּנּוּ וּמַלְעִיגִין בִּדְבָרָיו. וְהָיָה מַשְׁקֶה אוֹתָן אֲרָזִים וְהֵן גְּדֵלִין. וְהָיוּ אוֹמְרִים לוֹ: מָה אַתָּה עוֹשֶׂה? וּמֵשִׁיב לָהֶן כָּעִנְיָן הַזֶּה, וְהָיוּ מַלְעִיגִין עָלָיו. לְסוֹף יָמִים קִצְּצָן וְהָיָה מְנַסְּרָן, וְהָיוּ אוֹמְרִים לוֹ: מָה אַתָּה עוֹשֶׂה. וְאוֹמֵר לָהֶן כָּךְ, וְהָיָה מַתְרֶה בָהֶן. כֵּיוָן שֶׁלֹּא עָשׂוּ תְשׁוּבָה, מִיָּד הֵבִיא עֲלֵיהֶן מַבּוּל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיִּמַּח אֶת כָּל הַיְקוּם.