Difference between revisions of "Chronology of the Flood/2/en"

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<category name="">One Set of 150 Days Which Includes the First 40 Days
 
<category name="">One Set of 150 Days Which Includes the First 40 Days
−
<p>Both sets of 150 days and the forty days are combined and end before the landing of the ark.</p>
+
<p>The two mentions of the 150 days refer to the same time period which encompasses the forty days of rain. The ark lands at the conclusion of these 150 days.</p>
 
<mekorot><multilink><a href="QumranScroll4Q252Fragment1Columns1-2" data-aht="source">Qumran Scroll 4Q252</a><a href="QumranScroll4Q252Fragment1Columns1-2" data-aht="source">Fragment 1 Columns 1-2</a><a href="Qumran Scrolls" data-aht="parshan">About the Qumran Scrolls</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Jubilees5-28-44" data-aht="source">Jubilees</a><a href="Jubilees5-28-44" data-aht="source">5:28-44</a><a href="Jubilees" data-aht="parshan">About Jubilees</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="YefetbElitheKaraiteBereshit8-4" data-aht="source">the Karaites</a><a href="YefetbElitheKaraiteBereshit8-4" data-aht="source">Yefet b. Eli Bereshit 8:4</a><a href="AharonbYoseftheKaraiteBereshit8-3-8" data-aht="source">Aharon b. Yosef Bereshit 8:3-8</a><a href="AharonbEliyahutheKaraiteBereshit8-3-6" data-aht="source">Aharon b. Eliyahu Bereshit 8:3-6</a></multilink>, rejected approach in <multilink><a href="LekachTovBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Lekach Tov</a><a href="LekachTovBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="R. Toviah b. Eliezer (Lekach Tov)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Toviah b. Eliezer</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RYosefBekhorShorBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorBereshit8-3-10" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3-10</a><a href="R. Yosef Bekhor Shor" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RidBereshit7-12" data-aht="source">Rid</a><a href="RidBereshit7-12" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:12</a><a href="RidBereshit8-4" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:4</a><a href="R. Yeshayah of Trani (Rid)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yeshayah of Trani</a></multilink>, approach in <multilink><a href="ChizkuniBereshit8-3-13" data-aht="source">Chizkuni</a><a href="ChizkuniBereshit8-3-13" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3-13</a><a href="R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach (Chizkuni)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach</a></multilink>, both approaches in <multilink><a href="RambanBereshit8-4-5" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanBereshit8-4-5" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:4-5</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AkeidatYitzchakBereshit13" data-aht="source">Akeidat Yitzchak</a><a href="AkeidatYitzchakBereshit13" data-aht="source">Bereshit 13</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Arama (Akeidat Yitzchak)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Arama</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AbarbanelBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Abarbanel</a><a href="AbarbanelBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="SefornoBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Seforno</a><a href="SefornoBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="R. Ovadyah Seforno" data-aht="parshan">About R. Ovadyah Seforno</a></multilink>, second approach of <multilink><a href="MaaseiHashemBereshit26" data-aht="source">R. Eliezer Ashkenazi</a><a href="MaaseiHashemBereshit26" data-aht="source">Ma'asei Hashem Bereshit 26</a><a href="R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="ShadalBereshit8-2" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:2</a><a href="ShadalBereshit8-4" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:4</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="HoilMosheBereshit7-11" data-aht="source">Hoil Moshe</a><a href="HoilMosheBereshit7-11" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:11</a><a href="R. Moshe Yitzchak Ashkenazi (Hoil Moshe)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe Yitzchak Ashkenazi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RDZHoffmannBereshit7-21-24" data-aht="source">R. D"Z Hoffmann</a><a href="RDZHoffmannBereshit7-21-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:21-24</a><a href="R. David Zvi Hoffmann" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Zvi Hoffmann</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="UCassutoBereshitIntroductiontotheFlood" data-aht="source">U. Cassuto</a><a href="UCassutoBereshitIntroductiontotheFlood" data-aht="source">Bereshit Introduction to the Flood</a><a href="Prof. Umberto Cassuto" data-aht="parshan">About Prof. Umberto Cassuto</a></multilink></mekorot>
 
<mekorot><multilink><a href="QumranScroll4Q252Fragment1Columns1-2" data-aht="source">Qumran Scroll 4Q252</a><a href="QumranScroll4Q252Fragment1Columns1-2" data-aht="source">Fragment 1 Columns 1-2</a><a href="Qumran Scrolls" data-aht="parshan">About the Qumran Scrolls</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Jubilees5-28-44" data-aht="source">Jubilees</a><a href="Jubilees5-28-44" data-aht="source">5:28-44</a><a href="Jubilees" data-aht="parshan">About Jubilees</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="YefetbElitheKaraiteBereshit8-4" data-aht="source">the Karaites</a><a href="YefetbElitheKaraiteBereshit8-4" data-aht="source">Yefet b. Eli Bereshit 8:4</a><a href="AharonbYoseftheKaraiteBereshit8-3-8" data-aht="source">Aharon b. Yosef Bereshit 8:3-8</a><a href="AharonbEliyahutheKaraiteBereshit8-3-6" data-aht="source">Aharon b. Eliyahu Bereshit 8:3-6</a></multilink>, rejected approach in <multilink><a href="LekachTovBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Lekach Tov</a><a href="LekachTovBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="R. Toviah b. Eliezer (Lekach Tov)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Toviah b. Eliezer</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RYosefBekhorShorBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorBereshit8-3-10" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3-10</a><a href="R. Yosef Bekhor Shor" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RidBereshit7-12" data-aht="source">Rid</a><a href="RidBereshit7-12" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:12</a><a href="RidBereshit8-4" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:4</a><a href="R. Yeshayah of Trani (Rid)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yeshayah of Trani</a></multilink>, approach in <multilink><a href="ChizkuniBereshit8-3-13" data-aht="source">Chizkuni</a><a href="ChizkuniBereshit8-3-13" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3-13</a><a href="R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach (Chizkuni)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach</a></multilink>, both approaches in <multilink><a href="RambanBereshit8-4-5" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanBereshit8-4-5" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:4-5</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AkeidatYitzchakBereshit13" data-aht="source">Akeidat Yitzchak</a><a href="AkeidatYitzchakBereshit13" data-aht="source">Bereshit 13</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Arama (Akeidat Yitzchak)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Arama</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AbarbanelBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Abarbanel</a><a href="AbarbanelBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="SefornoBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Seforno</a><a href="SefornoBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="R. Ovadyah Seforno" data-aht="parshan">About R. Ovadyah Seforno</a></multilink>, second approach of <multilink><a href="MaaseiHashemBereshit26" data-aht="source">R. Eliezer Ashkenazi</a><a href="MaaseiHashemBereshit26" data-aht="source">Ma'asei Hashem Bereshit 26</a><a href="R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="ShadalBereshit8-2" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:2</a><a href="ShadalBereshit8-4" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:4</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="HoilMosheBereshit7-11" data-aht="source">Hoil Moshe</a><a href="HoilMosheBereshit7-11" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:11</a><a href="R. Moshe Yitzchak Ashkenazi (Hoil Moshe)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe Yitzchak Ashkenazi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RDZHoffmannBereshit7-21-24" data-aht="source">R. D"Z Hoffmann</a><a href="RDZHoffmannBereshit7-21-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:21-24</a><a href="R. David Zvi Hoffmann" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Zvi Hoffmann</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="UCassutoBereshitIntroductiontotheFlood" data-aht="source">U. Cassuto</a><a href="UCassutoBereshitIntroductiontotheFlood" data-aht="source">Bereshit Introduction to the Flood</a><a href="Prof. Umberto Cassuto" data-aht="parshan">About Prof. Umberto Cassuto</a></multilink></mekorot>
 +
<point><b>How does 150 days fit in five months?</b> This approach holds that between the start of the rain and the landing of the ark there are only five months.&#160; However, 150 days do not fit in a regular five consecutive months.&#160; The commentators resolve this issue in different ways:<br/>
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>Qumran - their own calender</li>
 +
</ul></point>
 +
<point><b>"וַתָּנַח הַתֵּבָה בַּחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי בְּשִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר יוֹם"</b></point>
 +
<point><b>"בָּעֲשִׂירִי בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ נִרְאוּ רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים"</b></point>
 +
<point><b>"וַיְהִי מִקֵּץ אַרְבָּעִים יוֹם"</b></point>
 +
<point><b>"וַיִּגְבְּרוּ הַמַּיִם" and "וַיַּחְסְרוּ הַמַּיִם"</b></point>
 +
<point><b>Shifting water levels</b></point>
 
</category>
 
</category>
 
<category name="">One Set of 150 Days Which Does Not Include the First 40 Days
 
<category name="">One Set of 150 Days Which Does Not Include the First 40 Days
 
<p>Both sets of 150 days are combined and in order to fit the forty days, the seven months are not counted from after the beginning of the year.</p>
 
<p>Both sets of 150 days are combined and in order to fit the forty days, the seven months are not counted from after the beginning of the year.</p>
 
<mekorot><multilink><a href="SederOlamRabbah4" data-aht="source">Seder Olam Rabbah</a><a href="SederOlamRabbah4" data-aht="source">4</a><a href="Seder Olam Rabbah" data-aht="parshan">About Seder Olam Rabbah</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="BereshitRabbah33-7" data-aht="source">Bereshit Rabbah</a><a href="BereshitRabbah33-7" data-aht="source">33:7</a><a href="Bereshit Rabbah" data-aht="parshan">About Bereshit Rabbah</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="SeferHaArukhsvקל" data-aht="source">Sefer HaArukh</a><a href="SeferHaArukhsvקל" data-aht="source">s.v. קל</a><a href="R. Natan b. Yechiel (Sefer HaArukh)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Natan b. Yechiel</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashiBereshit7-12" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiBereshit7-12" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:12</a><a href="RashiBereshit8-3-14" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3-14</a><a href="RashiBereshit8-5-6" data-aht="source">Ms. Leipzig 1 Bereshit 8:5-6</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="LekachTovBereshit8-10-14" data-aht="source">Lekach Tov</a><a href="LekachTovBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="LekachTovBereshit8-3-6" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3-6</a><a href="LekachTovBereshit8-10-14" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:10-14</a><a href="R. Toviah b. Eliezer (Lekach Tov)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Toviah b. Eliezer</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ChizkuniBereshit8-3-13" data-aht="source">Chizkuni</a><a href="ChizkuniBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="ChizkuniBereshit8-3-13" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3-13</a><a href="R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach (Chizkuni)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RChaimPaltielBereshit8-6" data-aht="source">R. Chaim Paltiel</a><a href="RChaimPaltielBereshit8-6" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:6</a><a href="R. Chaim Paltiel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Chaim Paltiel</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="TosafotHaShalemBereshit8-4-8" data-aht="source">Tosafot HaShalem</a><a href="TosafotHaShalemBereshit8-4-8" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:4:8</a><a href="TosafotHaShalemBereshit8-4-8infootnote" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:4:8 (in footnote)</a><a href="TosafotHaShalemBereshit8-5-5" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:5:5</a><a href="Ba'alei HaTosafot" data-aht="parshan">About Ba'alei HaTosafot</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit8-6" data-aht="source">Minchat Yehuda</a><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit8-6" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:6</a><a href="R. Yehuda b. Elazar" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yehuda b. Elazar</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="DaatZekeinimBereshit8-3" data-aht="source">Daat Zekeinim</a><a href="DaatZekeinimBereshit8-3" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3</a><a href="Daat Zekeinim" data-aht="parshan">About Daat Zekeinim</a></multilink>, first approach of <multilink><a href="MaaseiHashemBereshit26" data-aht="source">R. Eliezer Ashkenazi</a><a href="MaaseiHashemBereshit26" data-aht="source">Ma'asei Hashem Bereshit 26</a><a href="R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)</a></multilink></mekorot>
 
<mekorot><multilink><a href="SederOlamRabbah4" data-aht="source">Seder Olam Rabbah</a><a href="SederOlamRabbah4" data-aht="source">4</a><a href="Seder Olam Rabbah" data-aht="parshan">About Seder Olam Rabbah</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="BereshitRabbah33-7" data-aht="source">Bereshit Rabbah</a><a href="BereshitRabbah33-7" data-aht="source">33:7</a><a href="Bereshit Rabbah" data-aht="parshan">About Bereshit Rabbah</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="SeferHaArukhsvקל" data-aht="source">Sefer HaArukh</a><a href="SeferHaArukhsvקל" data-aht="source">s.v. קל</a><a href="R. Natan b. Yechiel (Sefer HaArukh)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Natan b. Yechiel</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashiBereshit7-12" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiBereshit7-12" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:12</a><a href="RashiBereshit8-3-14" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3-14</a><a href="RashiBereshit8-5-6" data-aht="source">Ms. Leipzig 1 Bereshit 8:5-6</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="LekachTovBereshit8-10-14" data-aht="source">Lekach Tov</a><a href="LekachTovBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="LekachTovBereshit8-3-6" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3-6</a><a href="LekachTovBereshit8-10-14" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:10-14</a><a href="R. Toviah b. Eliezer (Lekach Tov)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Toviah b. Eliezer</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ChizkuniBereshit8-3-13" data-aht="source">Chizkuni</a><a href="ChizkuniBereshit7-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 7:24</a><a href="ChizkuniBereshit8-3-13" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3-13</a><a href="R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach (Chizkuni)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RChaimPaltielBereshit8-6" data-aht="source">R. Chaim Paltiel</a><a href="RChaimPaltielBereshit8-6" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:6</a><a href="R. Chaim Paltiel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Chaim Paltiel</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="TosafotHaShalemBereshit8-4-8" data-aht="source">Tosafot HaShalem</a><a href="TosafotHaShalemBereshit8-4-8" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:4:8</a><a href="TosafotHaShalemBereshit8-4-8infootnote" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:4:8 (in footnote)</a><a href="TosafotHaShalemBereshit8-5-5" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:5:5</a><a href="Ba'alei HaTosafot" data-aht="parshan">About Ba'alei HaTosafot</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit8-6" data-aht="source">Minchat Yehuda</a><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit8-6" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:6</a><a href="R. Yehuda b. Elazar" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yehuda b. Elazar</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="DaatZekeinimBereshit8-3" data-aht="source">Daat Zekeinim</a><a href="DaatZekeinimBereshit8-3" data-aht="source">Bereshit 8:3</a><a href="Daat Zekeinim" data-aht="parshan">About Daat Zekeinim</a></multilink>, first approach of <multilink><a href="MaaseiHashemBereshit26" data-aht="source">R. Eliezer Ashkenazi</a><a href="MaaseiHashemBereshit26" data-aht="source">Ma'asei Hashem Bereshit 26</a><a href="R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)</a></multilink></mekorot>
 +
<point><b>"וַתָּנַח הַתֵּבָה בַּחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי בְּשִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר יוֹם"</b></point>
 +
<point><b>"בָּעֲשִׂירִי בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ נִרְאוּ רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים"</b></point>
 +
<point><b>"וַיְהִי מִקֵּץ אַרְבָּעִים יוֹם"</b></point>
 
<point><b>What happened during the 150 days?</b> These commentators hold that "וַיִּגְבְּרוּ הַמַּיִם עַל הָאָרֶץ" happened during the 150 days and the water started to abate only after the end of the 150 days and that is the meaning of "וַיַּחְסְרוּ הַמַּיִם מִקְצֵה חֲמִשִּׁים וּמְאַת יוֹם".&#160; However, the commentators offer two explanations regarding what happened during the 150 days themselves:<br/>
 
<point><b>What happened during the 150 days?</b> These commentators hold that "וַיִּגְבְּרוּ הַמַּיִם עַל הָאָרֶץ" happened during the 150 days and the water started to abate only after the end of the 150 days and that is the meaning of "וַיַּחְסְרוּ הַמַּיִם מִקְצֵה חֲמִשִּׁים וּמְאַת יוֹם".&#160; However, the commentators offer two explanations regarding what happened during the 150 days themselves:<br/>
 
<ul>
 
<ul>

Version as of 23:38, 14 May 2015

Chronology of the Flood

Exegetical Approaches

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One Set of 150 Days Which Includes the First 40 Days

The two mentions of the 150 days refer to the same time period which encompasses the forty days of rain. The ark lands at the conclusion of these 150 days.

Sources:Qumran Scroll 4Q252Fragment 1 Columns 1-2About the Qumran Scrolls, Jubilees5:28-44About Jubilees, the KaraitesYefet b. Eli Bereshit 8:4Aharon b. Yosef Bereshit 8:3-8Aharon b. Eliyahu Bereshit 8:3-6, rejected approach in Lekach TovBereshit 7:24About R. Toviah b. Eliezer, R. Yosef Bekhor ShorBereshit 7:24Bereshit 8:3-10About R. Yosef Bekhor Shor, RidBereshit 7:12Bereshit 8:4About R. Yeshayah of Trani, approach in ChizkuniBereshit 8:3-13About R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach, both approaches in RambanBereshit 8:4-5About R. Moshe b. Nachman, Akeidat YitzchakBereshit 13About R. Yitzchak Arama, AbarbanelBereshit 7:24About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel, SefornoBereshit 7:24About R. Ovadyah Seforno, second approach of R. Eliezer AshkenaziMa'asei Hashem Bereshit 26About R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem), ShadalBereshit 7:24Bereshit 8:2Bereshit 8:4About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto, Hoil MosheBereshit 7:11About R. Moshe Yitzchak Ashkenazi, R. D"Z HoffmannBereshit 7:21-24About R. David Zvi Hoffmann, U. CassutoBereshit Introduction to the FloodAbout Prof. Umberto Cassuto
How does 150 days fit in five months? This approach holds that between the start of the rain and the landing of the ark there are only five months.  However, 150 days do not fit in a regular five consecutive months.  The commentators resolve this issue in different ways:
  • Qumran - their own calender
"וַתָּנַח הַתֵּבָה בַּחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי בְּשִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר יוֹם"
"בָּעֲשִׂירִי בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ נִרְאוּ רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים"
"וַיְהִי מִקֵּץ אַרְבָּעִים יוֹם"
"וַיִּגְבְּרוּ הַמַּיִם" and "וַיַּחְסְרוּ הַמַּיִם"
Shifting water levels

One Set of 150 Days Which Does Not Include the First 40 Days

Both sets of 150 days are combined and in order to fit the forty days, the seven months are not counted from after the beginning of the year.

Sources:Seder Olam Rabbah4About Seder Olam Rabbah, Bereshit Rabbah33:7About Bereshit Rabbah, Sefer HaArukhs.v. קלAbout R. Natan b. Yechiel, RashiBereshit 7:12Bereshit 8:3-14Ms. Leipzig 1 Bereshit 8:5-6About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki, Lekach TovBereshit 7:24Bereshit 8:3-6Bereshit 8:10-14About R. Toviah b. Eliezer, ChizkuniBereshit 7:24Bereshit 8:3-13About R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach, R. Chaim PaltielBereshit 8:6About R. Chaim Paltiel, Tosafot HaShalemBereshit 8:4:8Bereshit 8:4:8 (in footnote)Bereshit 8:5:5About Ba'alei HaTosafot, Minchat YehudaBereshit 8:6About R. Yehuda b. Elazar, Daat ZekeinimBereshit 8:3About Daat Zekeinim, first approach of R. Eliezer AshkenaziMa'asei Hashem Bereshit 26About R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)
"וַתָּנַח הַתֵּבָה בַּחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי בְּשִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר יוֹם"
"בָּעֲשִׂירִי בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ נִרְאוּ רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים"
"וַיְהִי מִקֵּץ אַרְבָּעִים יוֹם"
What happened during the 150 days? These commentators hold that "וַיִּגְבְּרוּ הַמַּיִם עַל הָאָרֶץ" happened during the 150 days and the water started to abate only after the end of the 150 days and that is the meaning of "וַיַּחְסְרוּ הַמַּיִם מִקְצֵה חֲמִשִּׁים וּמְאַת יוֹם".  However, the commentators offer two explanations regarding what happened during the 150 days themselves:
  • According to Seder Olam Rabbah and the Arukh after the forty days the water stopped increasing but stayed in its place. Seder Olam Rabbah explains that during these 150 days the wicked were each being sentenced for their actions.  The Arukh explains the language of "וַיִּגְבְּרוּ הַמַּיִם" to mean that they stayed in their strength.
  • According to Ba'alei HaTosafot the water were still increasing throughout all the 150 days even though the rain stopped already after the first 40 days. Perhaps, the water may have continued coming out from underground.

Two sets of 150 Days Which Include the Second 40 Days

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