Difference between revisions of "Commentators:R. David Zvi Hoffmann/0"
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<title>R. D"Z Hoffmann</title> | <title>R. D"Z Hoffmann</title> | ||
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− | <row><label>Name</label> | + | <row> |
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<div>R. David Zvi Hoffmann</div> | <div>R. David Zvi Hoffmann</div> | ||
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− | <row><label>Dates</label><content>1843-1921</content></row> | + | <row> |
− | <row><label>Location</label><content>Hungary / Germany | + | <label>Dates</label> |
− | + | <content>1843-1921</content> | |
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+ | <label>Location</label> | ||
+ | <content>Hungary / Germany</content> | ||
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+ | <label>Works</label> | ||
<content>Commentaries on Bereshit, Shemot, Vayikra, Devarim, ספר מלמד להועיל, ראיות מכריעות נגד ולהויזן</content> | <content>Commentaries on Bereshit, Shemot, Vayikra, Devarim, ספר מלמד להועיל, ראיות מכריעות נגד ולהויזן</content> | ||
</row> | </row> | ||
− | <row><label>Exegetical Characteristics</label> | + | <row> |
+ | <label>Exegetical Characteristics</label> | ||
<content>Relationship between <i>peshat</i> and <i>derash</i>, Responds to source criticism</content> | <content>Relationship between <i>peshat</i> and <i>derash</i>, Responds to source criticism</content> | ||
</row> | </row> | ||
− | <row><label>Impacted on</label> | + | <row> |
+ | <label>Influenced by</label> | ||
+ | <content>R. Azriel Hildesheimer, Maharam Schick, R. S.R. Hirsch, R. Y.D. Bamberger</content> | ||
+ | </row> | ||
+ | <row> | ||
+ | <label>Impacted on</label> | ||
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+ | <subcategory>Life | ||
<ul> | <ul> | ||
− | <li><strong>R. David Zvi Hoffmann</strong> was born in Verbo, Hungary, in | + | <li><strong>R. David Zvi Hoffmann</strong> was born in Verbo, Hungary, in 1843.</li> |
<li>He studied under R. Moshe Schick and R. Azriel Hildesheimer.</li> | <li>He studied under R. Moshe Schick and R. Azriel Hildesheimer.</li> | ||
<li>R. Hoffmann wrote his doctorate on Mar Shemuel at the University of Tubingen.</li> | <li>R. Hoffmann wrote his doctorate on Mar Shemuel at the University of Tubingen.</li> | ||
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<li>Upon R. Hildesheimer's death, R. Hoffmann became the head of the Seminary. He served in this position until his death in 1921.<fn>Biographical information on R. D"Z Hoffmann can be found at the beginning of his commentary to Vayikra, in his son's introduction.</fn></li> | <li>Upon R. Hildesheimer's death, R. Hoffmann became the head of the Seminary. He served in this position until his death in 1921.<fn>Biographical information on R. D"Z Hoffmann can be found at the beginning of his commentary to Vayikra, in his son's introduction.</fn></li> | ||
</ul> | </ul> | ||
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− | <li> | + | <li><b>Hebrew name</b> – </li> |
− | <li> | + | <li><b>_ name</b> – </li> |
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+ | </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Dates</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Location</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Education</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Occupation</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Family</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Teachers</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Contemporaries</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Students</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Time period</b> – | ||
+ | <ul> | ||
+ | <li></li> | ||
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+ | </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>World outlook</b> – </li> | ||
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+ | --> | ||
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− | <subcategory> | + | <subcategory>Works |
<ul> | <ul> | ||
− | <li></li> | + | <li><b>Biblical commentaries</b> |
+ | <ul> | ||
+ | <li>Commentaries on Bereshit, Shemot, Vayikra, Devarim – R. D"Z Hoffmann wrote a commentary on Sefer Vayikra based on his lectures from 1873-1874 and 1876-1877. He began writing his commentary on Devarim but died in the middle. His commentaries on Bereshit, Shemot, and Devarim were edited by others posthumously, based on his (German) lecture notes.</li> | ||
+ | <li>The Main Arguments Against the Graf-Wellhausen Hypothesis (ראיות מכריעות נגד ולהויזן) – R. D"Z Hoffmann's work against biblical criticism published in 1904 (in German).</li> | ||
+ | </ul> | ||
+ | </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Rabbinics</b> – | ||
+ | <ul> | ||
+ | <li><b>Talmudic novellae</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Halakhic codes</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Responses to the works of others</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Responsa</b> – Melammed LeHoil (ספר מלמד להועיל) – A collection of R. D"Z Hoffmann's responsa and novellae, published posthumously from his notebooks.</li> | ||
+ | </ul> | ||
+ | </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Jewish thought</b> – </li> | ||
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<subcategory>Combats the Documentary Hypothesis | <subcategory>Combats the Documentary Hypothesis | ||
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<subcategory>Science | <subcategory>Science | ||
<p>He relates to apparent contradictions between science and Torah – Bereshit 2:1-2, Bereshit 5:3-5.</p> | <p>He relates to apparent contradictions between science and Torah – Bereshit 2:1-2, Bereshit 5:3-5.</p> | ||
+ | </subcategory> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <subcategory>Characteristics | ||
+ | <ul> | ||
+ | <li><b>Verse by verse / Topical</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Genre</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Structure</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Language</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Peshat and derash</b> – </li> | ||
+ | </ul> | ||
+ | </subcategory> | ||
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+ | <subcategory>Methods | ||
+ | <ul> | ||
+ | <li> – </li> | ||
+ | </ul> | ||
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+ | <subcategory>Themes | ||
+ | <ul> | ||
+ | <li> – </li> | ||
+ | </ul> | ||
+ | </subcategory> | ||
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+ | <subcategory>Textual Issues | ||
+ | <ul> | ||
+ | <li><b>Manuscripts</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Printings</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Textual layers</b> – </li> | ||
+ | </ul> | ||
+ | </subcategory> | ||
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+ | </category> | ||
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+ | <category>Sources | ||
+ | <subcategory>Significant Influences | ||
+ | <ul> | ||
+ | <li><b>Earlier Sources</b> – </li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Teachers</b> – R. Moshe Schick, R. Azriel Hildesheimer, R. S.R. Hirsch, R. Y.D. Bamberger</li> | ||
+ | <li><b>Foils</b> – </li> | ||
+ | </ul> | ||
+ | </subcategory> | ||
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+ | <subcategory>Occasional Usage | ||
+ | <ul> | ||
+ | <li></li> | ||
+ | </ul> | ||
+ | </subcategory> | ||
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+ | <subcategory>Possible Relationship | ||
+ | <ul> | ||
+ | <li></li> | ||
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+ | <subcategory>Supercommentaries | ||
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Latest revision as of 18:04, 14 February 2015
R. David Zvi Hoffmann
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Name | R. David Zvi Hoffmann ר' דוד צבי הופמן |
---|---|
Dates | 1843-1921 |
Location | Hungary / Germany |
Works | Commentaries on Bereshit, Shemot, Vayikra, Devarim, ספר מלמד להועיל, ראיות מכריעות נגד ולהויזן |
Exegetical Characteristics | Relationship between peshat and derash, Responds to source criticism |
Influenced by | R. Azriel Hildesheimer, Maharam Schick, R. S.R. Hirsch, R. Y.D. Bamberger |
Impacted on |
Background
Life
- R. David Zvi Hoffmann was born in Verbo, Hungary, in 1843.
- He studied under R. Moshe Schick and R. Azriel Hildesheimer.
- R. Hoffmann wrote his doctorate on Mar Shemuel at the University of Tubingen.
- He taught in the rabbinical school in Hochberg and then in R. S"R Hirsch's school.
- In 1873, R. Azriel Hildesheimer founded his rabbinical school in Berlin and invited R. D"Z Hoffmann to join the faculty and teach Talmud, Halakhah, and Tanakh.
- Upon R. Hildesheimer's death, R. Hoffmann became the head of the Seminary. He served in this position until his death in 1921.1
Works
- Biblical commentaries
- Commentaries on Bereshit, Shemot, Vayikra, Devarim – R. D"Z Hoffmann wrote a commentary on Sefer Vayikra based on his lectures from 1873-1874 and 1876-1877. He began writing his commentary on Devarim but died in the middle. His commentaries on Bereshit, Shemot, and Devarim were edited by others posthumously, based on his (German) lecture notes.
- The Main Arguments Against the Graf-Wellhausen Hypothesis (ראיות מכריעות נגד ולהויזן) – R. D"Z Hoffmann's work against biblical criticism published in 1904 (in German).
- Rabbinics –
- Talmudic novellae –
- Halakhic codes –
- Responses to the works of others –
- Responsa – Melammed LeHoil (ספר מלמד להועיל) – A collection of R. D"Z Hoffmann's responsa and novellae, published posthumously from his notebooks.
- Jewish thought –
Torah Commentary
Combats the Documentary Hypothesis
- Proofs that the Torah was written in the time of Moshe – details in the Torah that would be illogical if the Torah was written later.
- Laws whose formulations match life in the desert but not life in the land of Israel – Bereshit 23:2, Bereshit 12:1 (p. 205), Introduction to Vayikra pp. 11-13, Devarim 17:16 (p. 332).
- Extra details that would be unlikely for an author to remember a few hundred years after the fact when they are no longer relevant – Introduction to Vayikra (pp. 12-13), Introduction to Vayikra 8-10 (pp. 189-190).
- Explanations of stylistic or content differences – R. D"Z Hoffmann explains that these are a result of context:
- Contradictions – Bereshit 3:22-24 (p. 91), Devarim 1:22.
- Names of God – Bereshit 2:4, Bereshit 22:10-12.
- Names of Yaakov – Bereshit 35:22, 37:3.
Responds to Textual Criticism
R. D"Z Hoffmann argues for the complete fidelity of the Masoretic Text – Introduction to Vayikra (pp. 7-8).
- Keri ukhetiv (קרי וכתיב) – Both the keri and the ketiv originate from the time that Tanakh was written – Introduction to Vayikra (p. 7).
- Primacy of the Masoretic Text over other versions – Bereshit 5:3-5, Bereshit 11:10-26.
Relationship between peshat and derash
He attempts to reconcile differences between peshat and Midrash Halakhah, but does not feel bound by Midrash Aggadah.
- כתוב שלישי – Introduction to Vayikra pp. 3-4.
- אסמכתא – Sometimes the stated Rabbinic source is just a textual hint, but the Midrash is not claiming that this is the plain meaning of the verse.
- דיבר הכתוב בהווה – The simple meaning of the verse is the meaning for the generation of the wilderness, but Rabbinic law translates the law to make it applicable for future generations – Shemot 22:30, Devarim 12:8-14, Devarim 13:7-12, Devarim 14:21.
Broad scope
He presents a broad scope analysis of Torah, starting from the book as a whole and breaking it down into pieces.
- Introductions – He introduces the book as a whole and then gives separate introductions for each section.
- Structure
- Order
Science
He relates to apparent contradictions between science and Torah – Bereshit 2:1-2, Bereshit 5:3-5.
Characteristics
- Verse by verse / Topical –
- Genre –
- Structure –
- Language –
- Peshat and derash –
Methods
- –
Themes
- –
Textual Issues
- Manuscripts –
- Printings –
- Textual layers –
Sources
Significant Influences
- Earlier Sources –
- Teachers – R. Moshe Schick, R. Azriel Hildesheimer, R. S.R. Hirsch, R. Y.D. Bamberger
- Foils –