Commentators:R. Shelomo Ephraim Luntschitz (Keli Yekar)/0
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R. Shelomo Ephraim Luntschitz (Keli Yekar)
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Name | R. Shelomo Ephraim b. Aharon Luntschitz, Keli Yekar ר' שלמה אפרים בן אהרון מלונטשיץ, כלי יקר |
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Dates | c. 1550 – 1619 |
Location | Poland |
Works | Commentary on Torah |
Exegetical Characteristics | |
Influenced by | Maharal |
Impacted on |
Background1
Life
- Name – ר' שלמה אפרים בן אהרן מלונטשיץ2
- Dates – c. 1550 – 1619
- Locations – Leczyca (Luntschitz),3 Lublin, Lemberg, Prague.
- Occupation – R. Shelomo Ephraim gained his reputation as an itinerant preacher,4 and was considered to be the greatest darshan of his era in Poland.5 Sometime after age 50, he became the head of a yeshivah in Lemberg. Soon after this, he was called to Prague in 1604 to serve as head of the yeshivah and rabbinical court, later becoming the chief rabbi of Prague upon the death of the Maharal in 1609.6
- Family – The occupation of the Keli Yekar's father is debated.7
- Teachers – R. Shelomo Luria,8 Maharal9
- Contemporaries – R. Mordechai Yoffe,10 R. David Gans,11 R. Yom Tov Lipmann Heller,12 R. Avraham Horowitz13
- Students –
- Time period – R. Shelomo Ephraim lived at a time of relative prosperity and wealth for the Jews of Poland. A new class emerged of very wealthy Jewish estate owners,14 as well as an affluent class of Jews working for them. The new financial elite assumed important leadership roles throughout Polish Jewish communities, and much of the Keli Yekar's preaching was devoted to the flaws of this class, and to the problems of social stratification in general.15
Works
- Biblical commentaries – R. Shelomo Ephraim is best known for his Torah commentary, Keli Yekar,16 first published in 1602 in Lublin.17 Several collections of his derashot have also been published:18 Ir Gibborim,19 Olelot Ephraim,20 Orach LeChayyim,21 Siftei Da'at,22 Ammudei Sheish,23 Petichot UShe'arim.24
- Other works – The Keli Yekar composed three selichot related to the invasion of Prague in 1611.
Torah Commentary
Characteristics
- Verse by verse / Topical –
- Genre –
- Structure –
- Language –
Methods
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Themes
- – The commentary incorporates the emphasis on ethics and morals and critique of the societal elite which characterized his preaching.
Textual Issues
- Manuscripts –
- Printings –
- Textual layers –
Sources
Significant Influences
- Earlier Sources –
- Teachers –
- Foils –