Commentators:R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)/0

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R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)

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Rashbam
Name
R. Shemuel b. Meir
ר' שמואל בן מאיר, רשב"ם
Dates1085-1174
LocationFrance
WorksTanakh and Talmud commentaries
Exegetical Characteristics
Influenced byRashi, his father R. Meir
Impacted onR. Eliezer of Beaugency, R. Yosef Bekhor Shor

Background

Life

  • Name – 
    • Hebrew name – R. Shemuel b. Meir (ר' שמואל בן מאיר), of which Rashbam (רשב"ם) is an acronym.
  • Dates – c.10851 – c.1174.2
  • Location – Rashbam lived in cities in Northern France including Troyes, Ramerupt, Paris, Caen, and Loudun.3
  • Occupation – Rashbam had a flock of ewes, which provided milk and wool.
  • Family – Rashbam was the grandson of Rashi4 and the son of R. Meir.5 His brothers were R. Yitzchak and R. Tam. He had a daughter Marona and perhaps a son Yosef.6
  • Teachers – 
  • Contemporaries – 
  • Students – 
  • Time period

Works

  • Biblical commentaries – Rashbam wrote a commentary on most or all of Tanakh. See below regarding his Torah commentary.7 Commentaries of Rashbam on Tehillim, Iyyov, Kohelet, and Shir HaShirim have recently been published, but his authorship of these works is disputed. Citations from Rashbam's commentaries on Neviim and Ketuvim also survived in the Arugat HaBosem of R. Avraham b. Azriel and in some Northern French commentaries.
  • Grammar – 
  • Rabbinics – 
    • Talmudic novellae – Rashbam wrote commentaries on the tenth chapter of Pesachim and on Bava Batra 29a through the end8 in order to complete missing sections of Rashi's commentary. In addition Rashbam wrote commentaries on Eiruvin,9 Gittin,10 Bava Kama,11 other sections of Bava Batra,12 and Niddah13 which are not extant, but are cited by other commentaries.
    • Halakhic codes – 
    • Responses to the works of others – 
    • Responsa – 
  • Jewish thought – 
  • Commonly misattributed to Rashbam – 

Torah Commentary

Textual Issues

  • Manuscripts – Rashbam's commentary on Torah survived only in one manuscript, MS Breslau 103, and even this manuscript was lost during the Holocaust. This manuscript was missing the first three Parashot of Sefer Bereshit, Parashat Pinechas, and Devarim 33:3 through the end.14 Rashbam's commentary on Bereshit 1 was discovered by A. Geiger in MS Munich 5, and it is now incorporated in most printed editions. In 1882, D. Rosin published a critical edition based on MSS Breslau 103 and Munich 5. Rashbam's commentary on part of Devarim 34 was published by M. Sokolow in 1984 from MS Oxford 34.  Regarding the reconstruction of the missing portions of Rashbam's commentary, see Rashbam's Torah Commentary.
  • Printings – The commentary was printed for the first time in 1705 in Berlin.
  • Long and short commentaries – 
  • The writing process – 
  • Ramban's later updates – 

Characteristics

  • Verse by verse / Topical – 
  • Genre – 
  • Structure – 
  • Language – 

Methods

  • – 

Themes

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Sources

Significant Influences

  • Earlier Sources – 
  • Teachers – 
  • Foils – 

Occasional Usage

Possible Relationship

Impact

Later exegetes

Supercommentaries