Difference between revisions of "Commentators:R. Yehuda Leib Frankfurter (HaRekhasim Levikah)/0"

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<h1>R. Yehuda Leib Frankfurter Spira – Intellectual Profile</h1>
 
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<infobox class="Parshan">
 
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<title>R. Yehuda Leib Frankfurter Spira</title>
 
<title>R. Yehuda Leib Frankfurter Spira</title>
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<div>R. Yehuda Leib Frankfurter Spira</div>
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<div dir="rtl">ר' יהודה ליב בן אברהם פרנקפורטר לבית שפירא</div>
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R. Yehuda Leib Frankfurter Spira
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ר' יהודה ליב בן אברהם פרנקפורטר לבית שפירא
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<label>Dates</label>
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<content>1743 – 1836</content>
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<label>Locations</label>
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<content>Altona, Hamburg</content>
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<content>1743 – 1836</content>
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<label>Works</label>
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<content>הרכסים לבקעה</content>
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<content>Altona, Hamburg</content>
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<label>Exegetical Characteristics</label>
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<content>הרכסים לבקעה</content>
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<category>Background<fn>This section is based largely on R. Z. Gotthold, "<a href="/Media/Parshanim/HaRekhasim LeVikah/HaRekhasim LeVikah - Takhkemon 1 - R. Zeev Gotthold.pdf">פירוש לתורה – הרכסים לבקעה</a>", in his posthumous collection of articles, תחכמון, vol. 1: 60-89 (hereafter: Gotthold, פירוש), originally published in Machanayim 4 (1992): 330-347.</fn>
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<category>Background<fn>This section is based largely on R. Z. Gotthold, "פירוש לתורה – הרכסים לבקעה", in his posthumous collection of articles, תחכמון, vol. 1: 60-89 (hereafter: Gotthold, פירוש), originally published in Machanayim 4 (1992): 330-347.</fn>
 
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<subcategory>Life
 
<subcategory>Life
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<li><b>Name</b> – ר' יהודה ליב בן אברהם פרנקפורטר לבית שפירא</li>
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<li><b>Name</b> – ר' יהודה ליב בן אברהם פרנקפורטר לבית שפירא</li>
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<li><b>Dates</b> – 1743 – 1836<fn>His gravestone records his date of death as 17 Tevet 5596, at the age of 93.</fn></li>
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<li><b>Dates</b> – 1743 – 1836<fn>His gravestone records his date of death as 17 Tevet 5596, at the age of 93.</fn></li>
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<li><b>Locations</b> – Altona, Hamburg</li>
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<li><b>Locations</b> – Altona, Hamburg</li>
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<li><b>Occupation</b> – R. Yehuda Leib was a merchant and Torah scholar. He had some education in the natural sciences and geography, and was fluent in German. He was well versed in Talmud and its classic commentaries, and pursued the study of the Bible and Hebrew grammar.</li>
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<li><b>Occupation</b> – R. Yehuda Leib was a merchant and Torah scholar. He had some education in the natural sciences and geography, and was fluent in German. He was well versed in Talmud and its classic commentaries, and pursued the study of the Bible and Hebrew grammar.</li>
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<li><b>Family</b> – R. Yehuda Leib came from a prominent family of Torah scholars who were also merchants. The family originated in Speyer, with some descendants moving to Frankfurt, and then Hamburg. R. Yehuda Leib's brother, R. Menachem Mendel, became chief rabbi and head of the rabbinical court of Altona, while also being a successful merchant. </li>
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<li><b>Family</b> – R. Yehuda Leib came from a prominent family of Torah scholars who were also merchants. The family originated in Speyer, with some descendants moving to Frankfurt, and then Hamburg. R. Yehuda Leib's brother, R. Menachem Mendel, became chief rabbi and head of the rabbinical court of Altona, while also being a successful merchant.</li>
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<li><b>Teachers</b> – </li>
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<li><b>Teachers</b> –&#160;</li>
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<li><b>Contemporaries</b> – R. Yehuda Leib was on good terms with many rabbinic leaders of his generation, including R. Yonatan Eybeschutz, R. Yaakov Emden, and R. Raphael ben Yekutiel Susskind Cohen.<fn>R. Susskind Cohen served as chief rabbi of Altona, and was a prominent opponent of Reform Judaism.</fn> At the same time, he also was on good terms with some of the leading lights of the early Jewish enlightenment, such as Moses Mendelssohn,<fn>HaRekhasim Levik'ah contains dozens of critiques of Mendelssohn's German translation of the Torah, and his commentary, Netivot HaShalom (known as the Biur - a collaboration by Mendelssohn and others). According to R. Z. Gotthold, the introduction to HaRekhasim Levik'ah is a response to the introduction to the Biur. For a fuller discussion of the novelty of R. Yehuda Leib's introduction, as well as other bibliographical idiosyncrasies of HaRekhasim Levik'ah, see Gotthold, פירוש.</fn> Naphtali Hertz Wessely, and R. Wolf Heidenheim.</li>
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<li><b>Contemporaries</b> – R. Yehuda Leib was on good terms with many rabbinic leaders of his generation, including R. Yonatan Eybeschutz, R. Yaakov Emden, and R. Raphael ben Yekutiel Susskind Cohen.<fn>R. Susskind Cohen served as chief rabbi of Altona, and was a prominent opponent of Reform Judaism.</fn> At the same time, he also was on good terms with some of the leading lights of the early Jewish enlightenment, such as Moses Mendelssohn,<fn>HaRekhasim Levik'ah contains dozens of critiques of Mendelssohn's German translation of the Torah, and his commentary, Netivot HaShalom (known as the Biur - a collaboration by Mendelssohn and others). According to R. Z. Gotthold, the introduction to HaRekhasim Levik'ah is a response to the introduction to the Biur. For a fuller discussion of the novelty of R. Yehuda Leib's introduction, as well as other bibliographical idiosyncrasies of HaRekhasim Levik'ah, see Gotthold, פירוש.</fn> Naftali Herz Wessely, and R. Wolf Heidenheim.</li>
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<li><b>Students</b> – his nephew, R. Moshe Frankfurter (Mendelssohn)</li>
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<li><b>Students</b> –</li>
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<li><b>Time period</b> – R. Yehuda Leib lived through times of great social upheaval, including German Jewish emancipation, and the Haskalah and Reform movements. Hamburg was annexed by Napoleon in 1810, until its liberation in 1814.</li>
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<li><b>Time period</b> – R. Yehuda Leib lived through times of great social upheaval, including German Jewish emancipation, and the Haskalah and Reform movements. Hamburg was annexed by Napoleon in 1810, until its liberation in 1814.</li>
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<subcategory>Works
 
<subcategory>Works
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<li><b>Biblical commentaries</b> – HaRekhasim Levik'ah,<fn>It was published in 1815 (Altona), and reprinted in 1888 (Vilna) together with Moda le-Binah of R. Wolf Heidenheim. This edition left out the title page, approbations and introduction. Photo-offsets of the Vilna edition were reprinted as recently as 1995.</fn> a peshat commentary on select Torah passages. This work initially had little impact. However, its influence spread over the years, starting with references in the commentaries of R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal), R. Samson Raphael Hirsch, and R. Y.Z. Mecklenburg.<fn>Despite such usage, however, Abraham Geiger published an article (Juedische Zeitschrift fuer Wissenschaft und Leben, iv (1866), 1: 44-51) on this work over fifty years after its publication, calling R. Yehuda Leib "a forgotten commentator".  Geiger attributes his awareness of HaRekhasim Levik'ah to references in Shadal. Considering Geiger's close friendship with R. S.R. Hirsch in the 1820s, it is odd that he did not hear of the commentary from R. Hirsch, R. Yehuda Leib's grandnephew, who cites HaRekhasim Levik'ah in his own Torah commentary.  The commentary has been cited more recently by Benno Jacob and Nechama Leibowitz.</fn></li>
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<li><b>Biblical commentaries</b> – HaRekhasim Levik'ah,<fn>It was published in 1815 (Altona), and reprinted in 1888 (Vilna) together with Moda le-Binah of R. Wolf Heidenheim. This edition left out the title page, approbations and introduction. Photo-offsets of the Vilna edition were reprinted as recently as 1995.</fn> a peshat commentary on select Torah passages. This work initially had little impact. However, its influence spread over the years, starting with references in the commentaries of R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal), R. Samson Raphael Hirsch, and R. Y.Z. Mecklenburg.<fn>Despite such usage, however, Abraham Geiger published an article (Juedische Zeitschrift fuer Wissenschaft und Leben, iv (1866), 1: 44-51) on this work over fifty years after its publication, calling R. Yehuda Leib "a forgotten commentator".  Geiger attributes his awareness of HaRekhasim Levik'ah to references in Shadal. Considering Geiger's close friendship with R. S.R. Hirsch in the 1820s, it is odd that he did not hear of the commentary from R. Hirsch, R. Yehuda Leib's grandnephew, who cites HaRekhasim Levik'ah in his own Torah commentary.  The commentary has been cited more recently by Benno Jacob and Nechama Leibowitz.</fn></li>
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<li><b>Liturgy</b> – A list of corrections and critiques of passages in various piyyutim.<fn>See R. Moshe Frankfurter (Mendelssohn), פני תבל, (Amsterdam, 1872): 98-100.</fn></li>
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<li><b>Liturgy</b> – A list of corrections and critiques of passages in various piyyutim.<fn>See R. Moshe Frankfurter (Mendelssohn), פני תבל, (Amsterdam, 1872): 98-100.</fn></li>
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<category>Torah Commentary
 
<category>Torah Commentary
 
<subcategory>Characteristics
 
<subcategory>Characteristics
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<li><b>Verse by verse / Topical</b> – </li>
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<li><b>Verse by verse / Topical</b> –&#160;</li>
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<li><b>Genre</b> – </li>
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<li><b>Genre</b> –&#160;</li>
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<li><b>Structure</b> – </li>
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<li><b>Structure</b> –&#160;</li>
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<li><b>Language</b> – </li>
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<li><b>Language</b> –&#160;</li>
 
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<subcategory>Themes
 
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<subcategory>Textual Issues
 
<subcategory>Textual Issues
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<li><b>Manuscripts</b> – </li>
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<li><b>Manuscripts</b> –&#160;</li>
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<li><b>Printings</b> – </li>
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<li><b>Printings</b> –&#160;</li>
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<li><b>Textual layers</b> – </li>
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<li><b>Textual layers</b> –&#160;</li>
 
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<category>Sources
 
<category>Sources
 
<subcategory>Significant Influences
 
<subcategory>Significant Influences
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<li><b>Earlier Sources</b> – </li>
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<li><b>Earlier Sources</b> –&#160;</li>
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<li><b>Teachers</b> – </li>
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<li><b>Teachers</b> –&#160;</li>
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<li><b>Foils</b> – </li>
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<li><b>Foils</b> –&#160;</li>
 
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<subcategory>Occasional Usage
 
<subcategory>Occasional Usage
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<subcategory>Possible Relationship
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<category>Impact
 
<category>Impact
 
<subcategory>Later exegetes
 
<subcategory>Later exegetes
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<subcategory>Supercommentaries
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Latest revision as of 10:42, 20 April 2023

R. Yehuda Leib Frankfurter Spira – Intellectual Profile

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R. Yehuda Leib Frankfurter Spira
Name
R. Yehuda Leib Frankfurter Spira
ר' יהודה ליב בן אברהם פרנקפורטר לבית שפירא
Dates1743 – 1836
LocationsAltona, Hamburg
Worksהרכסים לבקעה
Exegetical Characteristics
Influenced by
Impacted on

Background1

Life

  • Name – ר' יהודה ליב בן אברהם פרנקפורטר לבית שפירא
  • Dates – 1743 – 18362
  • Locations – Altona, Hamburg
  • Occupation – R. Yehuda Leib was a merchant and Torah scholar. He had some education in the natural sciences and geography, and was fluent in German. He was well versed in Talmud and its classic commentaries, and pursued the study of the Bible and Hebrew grammar.
  • Family – R. Yehuda Leib came from a prominent family of Torah scholars who were also merchants. The family originated in Speyer, with some descendants moving to Frankfurt, and then Hamburg. R. Yehuda Leib's brother, R. Menachem Mendel, became chief rabbi and head of the rabbinical court of Altona, while also being a successful merchant.
  • Teachers – 
  • Contemporaries – R. Yehuda Leib was on good terms with many rabbinic leaders of his generation, including R. Yonatan Eybeschutz, R. Yaakov Emden, and R. Raphael ben Yekutiel Susskind Cohen.3 At the same time, he also was on good terms with some of the leading lights of the early Jewish enlightenment, such as Moses Mendelssohn,4 Naftali Herz Wessely, and R. Wolf Heidenheim.
  • Students –
  • Time period – R. Yehuda Leib lived through times of great social upheaval, including German Jewish emancipation, and the Haskalah and Reform movements. Hamburg was annexed by Napoleon in 1810, until its liberation in 1814.

Works

  • Biblical commentaries – HaRekhasim Levik'ah,5 a peshat commentary on select Torah passages. This work initially had little impact. However, its influence spread over the years, starting with references in the commentaries of R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal), R. Samson Raphael Hirsch, and R. Y.Z. Mecklenburg.6
  • Liturgy – A list of corrections and critiques of passages in various piyyutim.7

Torah Commentary

Characteristics

  • Verse by verse / Topical – 
  • Genre – 
  • Structure – 
  • Language – 

Methods

  • – 

Themes

  • – 

Textual Issues

  • Manuscripts – 
  • Printings – 
  • Textual layers – 

Sources

Significant Influences

  • Earlier Sources – 
  • Teachers – 
  • Foils – 

Occasional Usage

  • –

Possible Relationship

  • –

Impact

Later exegetes

  • –

Supercommentaries

  • –
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