Difference between revisions of "Commentators:R. Yosef Bekhor Shor/0"
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− | <li><b>Hebrew name</b> – ר' יוסף בכור שור<fn>The name is a reference to Devarim 33:17. This page will use the abbreviated form “Bekhor Shor”, which is how both the person and his commentary are often referred to in common parlance.<br/>According to the consensus view, R. Yosef Bekhor Shor is the same person as R. Yosef of Orleans, and R. Yosef b. Yitzchak b. HaNadiv R. Yosef of Chinon, two other names cited in Tosafist literature. There are, however, some scholars who dispute this identification. See Urbach: Ba’alei HaTosafot: 132-134, Y. Nevo | + | <li><b>Hebrew name</b> – ר' יוסף בכור שור<fn>The name is a reference to Devarim 33:17. This page will use the abbreviated form “Bekhor Shor”, which is how both the person and his commentary are often referred to in common parlance.<br/>According to the consensus view, R. Yosef Bekhor Shor is the same person as R. Yosef of Orleans, and R. Yosef b. Yitzchak b. HaNadiv R. Yosef of Chinon, two other names cited in Tosafist literature. There are, however, some scholars who dispute this identification. See Urbach: Ba’alei HaTosafot: 132-134, Y. Nevo in his introduction to פירושי רבי יוסף בכור שור על התורה (Jerusalem, 1994): 1-2, and Y. Priel, “רבנו יוסף בכור שור: מעמדו בעולם הפרשנות ותהליך החשיפה המחודש של פירושו,” Oreshet 1 (2010, herafter: Priel, R. Yosef): 114-115. Here we will assume the consensus view.</fn></li> |
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<li>His prominent position within the Tosafist world is attested by frequent use of his commentaries by later Tosafist compendia.<fn>Though the commentaries often appear uncredited. Such compendia include Da’at Zekeinim, Hadar Zekeinim, and Chizkuni. He is cited less frequently in Moshav Zekeinim, Pa’aneach Raza, and Minchat Yehudah. See Y.H. Nisan, Medieval Ashkenazi Bible Interpretation: A Textual Analysis of Rabbi Joseph Bekhor Shor's Torah Commentary (McGill University MA thesis, 1997, hereafter: Nisan, Analysis): 103-118, for an in-depth analysis of this issue.</fn></li> | <li>His prominent position within the Tosafist world is attested by frequent use of his commentaries by later Tosafist compendia.<fn>Though the commentaries often appear uncredited. Such compendia include Da’at Zekeinim, Hadar Zekeinim, and Chizkuni. He is cited less frequently in Moshav Zekeinim, Pa’aneach Raza, and Minchat Yehudah. See Y.H. Nisan, Medieval Ashkenazi Bible Interpretation: A Textual Analysis of Rabbi Joseph Bekhor Shor's Torah Commentary (McGill University MA thesis, 1997, hereafter: Nisan, Analysis): 103-118, for an in-depth analysis of this issue.</fn></li> | ||
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<li><b>Family</b> – Bekhor Shor cites his father once in his commentary,<fn>In his commentary to Vayikra 23:16. He does not mention his father’s name, but it seems to have been Yitzchak, see note above in the Name section.</fn> and he had a son who is cited in Tosafist literature, called R. Avraham b. R. Yosef of Orleans.<fn>See Urbach, ibid.: 140-141.</fn></li> | <li><b>Family</b> – Bekhor Shor cites his father once in his commentary,<fn>In his commentary to Vayikra 23:16. He does not mention his father’s name, but it seems to have been Yitzchak, see note above in the Name section.</fn> and he had a son who is cited in Tosafist literature, called R. Avraham b. R. Yosef of Orleans.<fn>See Urbach, ibid.: 140-141.</fn></li> | ||
<li><b>Teachers</b> – R. Yaakov Tam<fn>See Urbach, Ba’alei HaTosafot: 132-139 regarding Halakhic correspondences between Bekhor Shor and R. Tam. Bekhor Shor, however, never mentions R. Tam or his grammatical work Hakhra’ot in his Torah commentary. Urbach (ibid.:136) theorizes that this is because Bekhor Shor paid scant attention to grammatical matters in his commentary. There are, however, cases where Bekhor Shor seems to be following his master’s commentary despite not citing him. See Nisan, Analysis: 92. See also ibid.: 19-25, for an analysis of Bekhor Shor’s grammatical comments.</fn></li> | <li><b>Teachers</b> – R. Yaakov Tam<fn>See Urbach, Ba’alei HaTosafot: 132-139 regarding Halakhic correspondences between Bekhor Shor and R. Tam. Bekhor Shor, however, never mentions R. Tam or his grammatical work Hakhra’ot in his Torah commentary. Urbach (ibid.:136) theorizes that this is because Bekhor Shor paid scant attention to grammatical matters in his commentary. There are, however, cases where Bekhor Shor seems to be following his master’s commentary despite not citing him. See Nisan, Analysis: 92. See also ibid.: 19-25, for an analysis of Bekhor Shor’s grammatical comments.</fn></li> |
Version as of 06:57, 30 July 2015
R. Yosef Bekhor Shor – Intellectual Profile
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Name | R. Yosef Bekhor Shor ר' יוסף בכור שור |
---|---|
Dates | 12th century |
Location | Northern France |
Works | Torah and Tehillim commentaries, novellae on the Talmud, liturgical poems |
Exegetical Characteristics | |
Influenced by | Rashbam, R. Tam |
Impacted on | Sefer HaGan, Baalei HaTosafot, Ramban |
Background1
Life
- Name –
- Hebrew name – ר' יוסף בכור שור2
- _ name –
- Dates – Middle to late 12th century3
- Location – Northern France4
- Education and Occupation – No more than a skeletal history of Bekhor Shor’s life can be constructed from the sources that currently exist.5
- Lived in the 12th century Northern French Tosafist milieu, and was a disciple of Rabbenu Tam.6
- He was a Halakhist/Talmudist whose novellae are included in Tosafot, as well as a Bible commentator.
- From his writings it can be deduced that he knew Latin and was familiar with Christian biblical exegesis.7
- He also was a paytan (author of liturgical poems)8 who seems to have had a rather well-developed literary sense.9
- His prominent position within the Tosafist world is attested by frequent use of his commentaries by later Tosafist compendia.10
- Family – Bekhor Shor cites his father once in his commentary,11 and he had a son who is cited in Tosafist literature, called R. Avraham b. R. Yosef of Orleans.12
- Teachers – R. Yaakov Tam13
- Contemporaries – Rashbam, R. Eliezer of Beaugency,14 R. Avraham Ibn Ezra15
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Works
Torah Commentary
Characteristics
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Textual Issues
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Significant Influences
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