Difference between revisions of "Dictionary:חדה/0"
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(Original Author: Ariella Novetsky, Rabbi Hillel Novetsky) |
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<div class="header"> | <div class="header"> | ||
| − | + | <infobox class="Lexical"> | |
| − | + | <title>חדה</title> | |
<row> | <row> | ||
<label>Part of Speech<!--Category--></label> | <label>Part of Speech<!--Category--></label> | ||
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<row> | <row> | ||
<label>Possible Meanings</label> | <label>Possible Meanings</label> | ||
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<li>Rejoice</li> | <li>Rejoice</li> | ||
<li>Tremble</li> | <li>Tremble</li> | ||
<li>Be a part of</li> | <li>Be a part of</li> | ||
<li>Be unique</li> | <li>Be unique</li> | ||
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</row> | </row> | ||
<row> | <row> | ||
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<content><a href="Dictionary:חֶדְוָה" data-aht="page">חֶדְוָה</a></content> | <content><a href="Dictionary:חֶדְוָה" data-aht="page">חֶדְוָה</a></content> | ||
</row> | </row> | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
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<category>Possible Meanings | <category>Possible Meanings | ||
| − | + | <p>The verb appears in only three instances in Tanakh, and there is some ambiguity as to its meaning in the different cases:</p> | |
| − | <subcategory name="Rejoice">1. Rejoice | + | <subcategory name="Rejoice"> |
| − | + | 1. Rejoice | |
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<li>Biblical verses – תְּחַדֵּהוּ in <a href="Tehillim21-7" data-aht="source">Tehillim 21:7</a> – The context is one of joy.</li> | <li>Biblical verses – תְּחַדֵּהוּ in <a href="Tehillim21-7" data-aht="source">Tehillim 21:7</a> – The context is one of joy.</li> | ||
<li>Additional data – Cf. Assyrian <i>hadu</i> – to be happy, and Aramaic חדי – to rejoice.</li> | <li>Additional data – Cf. Assyrian <i>hadu</i> – to be happy, and Aramaic חדי – to rejoice.</li> | ||
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</ul> | </ul> | ||
</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
| − | + | <subcategory name="Tremble"> | |
| − | <subcategory name="Tremble">2. Tremble | + | 2. Tremble |
| − | + | <ul> | |
| − | <li>Biblical verses – </li> | + | <li>Biblical verses – </li> |
| − | <li>Additional data – </li> | + | <li>Additional data – </li> |
</ul> | </ul> | ||
</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
| − | + | <subcategory name="Be a part of"> | |
| − | <subcategory name="Be a part of">3. Be a part of | + | 3. Be a part of |
| − | + | <ul> | |
| − | <li>Biblical verses – </li> | + | <li>Biblical verses – </li> |
| − | <li>Additional data – </li> | + | <li>Additional data – </li> |
</ul> | </ul> | ||
</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
| − | + | <subcategory name="Be unique"> | |
| − | <subcategory name="Be unique">4. Be unique | + | 4. Be unique |
| − | + | <ul> | |
| − | <li>Biblical verses – </li> | + | <li>Biblical verses – </li> |
| − | <li>Additional data – </li> | + | <li>Additional data – </li> |
</ul> | </ul> | ||
</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
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</category> | </category> | ||
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<category>Disputed Cases | <category>Disputed Cases | ||
<subcategory>וַיִּחַדְּ – <a href="Shemot18-9" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:9</a> | <subcategory>וַיִּחַדְּ – <a href="Shemot18-9" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:9</a> | ||
| − | + | <ul> | |
| − | + | <li>Rejoiced – This is the opinion of most commentators including <multilink><a href="OnkelosShemot18-9" data-aht="source">Onkelos</a><a href="OnkelosShemot18-9" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:9</a><a href="Targum Onkelos" data-aht="parshan">About Targum Onkelos</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="PsJShemot18-9" data-aht="source">Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan)</a><a href="PsJShemot18-9" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:9</a><a href="Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan)" data-aht="parshan">About Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan)</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Menachem" data-aht="source">Machberet Menachem</a><a href="Menachem" data-aht="source">Machberet s.v. חד</a><a href="Menachem b. Saruk" data-aht="parshan">About Menachem b. Saruk</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashiShemot18-9" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiShemot18-9" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:9</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About Rashi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="LekachTovShemot18-9" data-aht="source">Lekach Tov</a><a href="LekachTovShemot18-9" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:9</a><a href="R. Toviah b. Eliezer (Lekach Tov)" data-aht="parshan">About Lekach Tov</a></multilink>.<fn>See <a href="Encounters with Foreign Leaders" data-aht="page">Encounters with Foreign Leaders</a> for the parallel that Y. Avishur notes between וַיִּחַדְּ in the Yitro story and וַיִּשְׂמַח in the Hiram story in Melakhim I 5:21.</fn></li> | |
| − | + | <li>Trembled – This is the <multilink><a href="LXXShemot18-9" data-aht="source">Septuagint's</a><a href="LXXShemot18-9" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:9</a><a href="Septuagint" data-aht="parshan">About the Septuagint</a></multilink> translation.<fn>It is unclear, though, whether this is the Septuagint's translation of וַיִּחַדְּ or whether it had a variant text which read ויחרד – see <a href="Textual Variants – Shemot 18/0#Letters" data-aht="page">Shemot 18 Textual Variants</a> for elaboration. Cassuto Shemot 18:9 argues that the LXX is merely engaged in exegesis and is connected to Shemuel's opinion in <multilink><a href="Sanhedrin94a" data-aht="source">Bavli Sanhedrin</a><a href="Sanhedrin94a" data-aht="source">Sanhedrin 94a</a><a href="Bavli" data-aht="parshan">About the Bavli</a></multilink> that Yitro got goosebumps (חדודים). Other Rabbinic interpretations relate וַיִּחַדְּ to Yitro's conversion or circumcision. See the two options in <multilink><a href="TanchumaBuberYitro5" data-aht="source">Tanchuma (Buber)</a><a href="TanchumaBuberYitro5" data-aht="source">Yitro 5</a><a href="Tanchuma" data-aht="parshan">About Tanchuma (Buber)</a></multilink> that Yitro recognized the singularity of God (from the root אחד/יחד) and that he became Jewish (יהודי), and see Rav in <multilink><a href="Sanhedrin94a" data-aht="source">Bavli Sanhedrin</a><a href="Sanhedrin94a" data-aht="source">Sanhedrin 94a</a><a href="Bavli" data-aht="parshan">About the Bavli</a></multilink> that Yitro circumcised himself with a sharp sword (from the root חד). For more on whether Yitro converted, see <a href="Yitro – Religious Identity" data-aht="page">Yitro's Religious Identity</a>.</fn></li> | |
| − | + | </ul> | |
</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
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<subcategory>יִחַדְּ – <a href="Iyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Iyyov 3:5</a> | <subcategory>יִחַדְּ – <a href="Iyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Iyyov 3:5</a> | ||
| − | + | <ul> | |
| − | + | <li>Rejoice – This is the interpretation of <multilink><a href="RashiIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Iyyov 3:5</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About Rashi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RTamIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">R. Tam</a><a href="RTamIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Iyyov 3:5</a><a href="R. Yaakov b. Meir (R. Tam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Tam</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="IbnEzraIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Iyyov 3:5</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About Ibn Ezra</a></multilink>, and others.</li> | |
| − | + | <li>Be a part of – <multilink><a href="TalmidRashiIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Talmid Rashi</a><a href="TalmidRashiIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Iyyov 3:5</a><a href="Anonymous Students of Rashi" data-aht="parshan">About Talmid Rashi</a></multilink>, alternative possibility in <multilink><a href="IbnEzraIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Iyyov 3:5</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About Ibn Ezra</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RalbagIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Ralbag</a><a href="RalbagIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Iyyov 3:5</a><a href="R. Levi b. Gershom (Ralbag, Gersonides)" data-aht="parshan">About Ralbag</a></multilink>.<fn>Cf. the similar juxtaposition of תָּבֹא and תֵּחַד in <a href="Bereshit49-6" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:6</a>.</fn></li> | |
| − | + | <li>Be unique – <multilink><a href="RashbamIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Rashbam</a><a href="RashbamIyyov3-5" data-aht="source">Iyyov 3:5</a><a href="R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)" data-aht="parshan">About Rashbam</a></multilink>.</li> | |
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<category>Relationship to Synonyms | <category>Relationship to Synonyms | ||
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<category>Semantic Evolution | <category>Semantic Evolution | ||
<subcategory>Intra-Biblical | <subcategory>Intra-Biblical | ||
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</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
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<subcategory>Rabbinic Hebrew | <subcategory>Rabbinic Hebrew | ||
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<subcategory>Modern Hebrew | <subcategory>Modern Hebrew | ||
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</category> | </category> | ||
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</aht-xml> | </aht-xml> | ||
Latest revision as of 16:01, 4 July 2019
חדה
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| Part of Speech | Verb |
|---|---|
| Occurrences | 3 |
| Possible Meanings |
|
| Related Words | חֶדְוָה |
Possible Meanings
The verb appears in only three instances in Tanakh, and there is some ambiguity as to its meaning in the different cases:
1. Rejoice
- Biblical verses – תְּחַדֵּהוּ in Tehillim 21:7 – The context is one of joy.
- Additional data – Cf. Assyrian hadu – to be happy, and Aramaic חדי – to rejoice.
- Cf. the noun חֶדְוָה.
2. Tremble
- Biblical verses –
- Additional data –
3. Be a part of
- Biblical verses –
- Additional data –
4. Be unique
- Biblical verses –
- Additional data –
Disputed Cases
וַיִּחַדְּ – Shemot 18:9
- Rejoiced – This is the opinion of most commentators including Onkelos, Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan), Machberet Menachem, Rashi, Lekach Tov.1
- Trembled – This is the Septuagint's translation.2
יִחַדְּ – Iyyov 3:5
Relationship to Synonyms
- –
- –
