Difference between revisions of "Losing the Kingship Twice/1/he"

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<p>Shemuel's words are perplexing.&#160; If Shaul had lost the kingship already בפרק י"ג, how can he lose it again?&#160; What is the relationship between the two punishments?&#160;</p>
 
<p>Shemuel's words are perplexing.&#160; If Shaul had lost the kingship already בפרק י"ג, how can he lose it again?&#160; What is the relationship between the two punishments?&#160;</p>
  
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<h2>Other References to the Punishment</h2>
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<h2>הפניות אחרות לעונש</h2>
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<p>In two other places in Tanakh, reference is made to Shaul's sin and punishment.&#160; When Shemuel is revived by the Ba'alat Ha'Ov (<a href="ShemuelI28-15-20" data-aht="source">שמואל א' כ"ח</a>),<fn>Not all agree that the sorceress actually brought Shemuel back to life. See <a href="Did Shemuel Come Back to Life" data-aht="page">האם בעלת האב החייתה את שמואל?</a> for a spectrum of approaches to the story.</fn> he tells Shaul of his imminent death and that David will soon inherit the monarchy:</p>
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<p>In two other places in Tanakh, reference is made to Shaul's sin and punishment.&#160; כשבעלת האוב מחייה את שמואל (<a href="ShemuelI28-15-20" data-aht="source">שמואל א' כ"ח</a>),<fn>לא כולם מסכימים כי בעלת האוב החזירה את שמואל לחיים. ראו <a href="Did Shemuel Come Back to Life" data-aht="page">האם בעלת האב החייתה את שמואל?</a> לקשת של דעות בנושא.</fn> he tells Shaul of his imminent death and that David will soon inherit the monarchy:</p>
 
<q class="" dir="rtl" lang="he">
 
<q class="" dir="rtl" lang="he">
 
<p>(יז) וַיַּעַשׂ י"י לוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר בְּיָדִי וַיִּקְרַע י"י אֶת הַמַּמְלָכָה מִיָּדֶךָ וַיִּתְּנָהּ לְרֵעֲךָ לְדָוִד. (יח) כַּאֲשֶׁר לֹא שָׁמַעְתָּ בְּקוֹל י"י וְלֹא עָשִׂיתָ חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ בַּעֲמָלֵק עַל כֵּן הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה עָשָׂה לְךָ י"י הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה.</p>
 
<p>(יז) וַיַּעַשׂ י"י לוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר בְּיָדִי וַיִּקְרַע י"י אֶת הַמַּמְלָכָה מִיָּדֶךָ וַיִּתְּנָהּ לְרֵעֲךָ לְדָוִד. (יח) כַּאֲשֶׁר לֹא שָׁמַעְתָּ בְּקוֹל י"י וְלֹא עָשִׂיתָ חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ בַּעֲמָלֵק עַל כֵּן הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה עָשָׂה לְךָ י"י הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה.</p>
 
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<p>Here, Shemuel attributes the punishment only to Shaul's actions in the battle against Amalek, not mentioning his deeds at Gilgal at all. Why not? Were not they too a cause of the loss of the monarchy?</p>
 
<p>Here, Shemuel attributes the punishment only to Shaul's actions in the battle against Amalek, not mentioning his deeds at Gilgal at all. Why not? Were not they too a cause of the loss of the monarchy?</p>
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<p>ב<a href="DivreiHaYamimI10-13-14" data-aht="source">דברי הימים א' י'</a>, too, the narrator speaks of the reason for Shaul's death and loss of kingship:</p>
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<p>גם <a href="DivreiHaYamimI10-13-14" data-aht="source">דברי הימים א' י'</a>, speaks of the reason for Shaul's death and loss of kingship:</p>
 
<q class="" dir="rtl" lang="he">
 
<q class="" dir="rtl" lang="he">
 
<p>(יג) וַיָּמׇת שָׁאוּל בְּמַעֲלוֹ אֲשֶׁר מָעַל בַּי"י עַל דְּבַר י"י אֲשֶׁר לֹא שָׁמָר וְגַם לִשְׁאוֹל בָּאוֹב לִדְרוֹשׁ. (יד) וְלֹא דָרַשׁ בַּי"י וַיְמִיתֵהוּ וַיַּסֵּב אֶת הַמְּלוּכָה לְדָוִיד בֶּן יִשָׁי.</p>
 
<p>(יג) וַיָּמׇת שָׁאוּל בְּמַעֲלוֹ אֲשֶׁר מָעַל בַּי"י עַל דְּבַר י"י אֲשֶׁר לֹא שָׁמָר וְגַם לִשְׁאוֹל בָּאוֹב לִדְרוֹשׁ. (יד) וְלֹא דָרַשׁ בַּי"י וַיְמִיתֵהוּ וַיַּסֵּב אֶת הַמְּלוּכָה לְדָוִיד בֶּן יִשָׁי.</p>
 
</q>
 
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<p>These verses are ambiguous.&#160; What is "מַעֲלוֹ אֲשֶׁר מָעַל בַּי"י?&#160; Which directive of Hashem did Shaul defy&#160;– waiting for Shemuel in Gilgal, destroying Amalek, both, or a different command altogether? When the verse states that one of the reasons that Shaul was killed היה מפני "וְלֹא דָרַשׁ בַּי"י" is this referring to his visiting the necromancer or to a more general transgression?<fn>ב<a href="ShemuelI28-15-20" data-aht="source">שמואל א' כ"ח</a>, Shaul does attempt to receive Divine communication using legitimate methods before enlisiting the help of the sorceress, so it is possible that the verse refers to a different occasion.</fn> Which of Shaul's deeds does the narrator believe was the real cause of the loss of kingship?</p>
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<p>These verses are ambiguous.&#160; What is "מַעֲלוֹ אֲשֶׁר מָעַל בַּי"י?&#160; Which directive of Hashem did Shaul defy&#160;– waiting for Shemuel in Gilgal, destroying Amalek, both, or a different command altogether? When the verse states that one of the reasons that Shaul was killed היה מפני "וְלֹא דָרַשׁ בַּי"י" is this referring to his visiting the necromancer or to a more general transgression?<fn>ב<a href="ShemuelI28-15-20" data-aht="source">שמואל א' כ"ח</a>, שאול אכן מנסה לקבל תקשורת א-לוהית בשיטות לגיטימיות לפני שהוא מגייס את עזרת בעלת האוב, כך יתכן שהפסוק מתייחס לאירוע אחר.</fn> Which of Shaul's deeds does the narrator believe was the real cause of the loss of kingship?</p>
  
 
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Version as of 02:52, 25 September 2019

שאול מאבד את הממלכה פעמיים

הקדמה

עוד הפעם?

Not long after after Shaul begins to reign, he sins, and within a span of just three chapters, he is told twice that his kingdom will be torn away from him. בשמואל א' י"ג, he fails to wait for Shemuel in Gilgal, opting instead to bring a sacrifice on his own. Shemuel rebukes him:

(יג) וַיֹּאמֶר שְׁמוּאֵל אֶל שָׁאוּל נִסְכָּלְתָּ לֹא שָׁמַרְתָּ אֶת מִצְוַת י"י אֱלֹהֶיךָ אֲשֶׁר צִוָּךְ כִּי עַתָּה הֵכִין י"י אֶת מַמְלַכְתְּךָ אֶל יִשְׂרָאֵל עַד עוֹלָם. (יד) וְעַתָּה מַמְלַכְתְּךָ לֹא תָקוּם בִּקֵּשׁ י"י לוֹ אִישׁ כִּלְבָבוֹ וַיְצַוֵּהוּ י"י לְנָגִיד עַל עַמּוֹ כִּי לֹא שָׁמַרְתָּ אֵת אֲשֶׁר צִוְּךָ י"י.

Just two chapters later, Shaul once again blunders, not fulfilling Hashem's command to destroy Amalek.  Here, too, he is told:

(כו)...כִּי מָאַסְתָּה אֶת דְּבַר י"י וַיִּמְאָסְךָ י"י מִהְיוֹת מֶלֶךְ עַל יִשְׂרָאֵל. (כז) וַיִּסֹּב שְׁמוּאֵל לָלֶכֶת וַיַּחֲזֵק בִּכְנַף מְעִילוֹ וַיִּקָּרַע. (כח) וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלָיו שְׁמוּאֵל קָרַע י"י אֶת מַמְלְכוּת יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵעָלֶיךָ הַיּוֹם וּנְתָנָהּ לְרֵעֲךָ הַטּוֹב מִמֶּךָּ.

Shemuel's words are perplexing.  If Shaul had lost the kingship already בפרק י"ג, how can he lose it again?  What is the relationship between the two punishments? 

הפניות אחרות לעונש

In two other places in Tanakh, reference is made to Shaul's sin and punishment.  כשבעלת האוב מחייה את שמואל (שמואל א' כ"ח),1 he tells Shaul of his imminent death and that David will soon inherit the monarchy:

(יז) וַיַּעַשׂ י"י לוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר בְּיָדִי וַיִּקְרַע י"י אֶת הַמַּמְלָכָה מִיָּדֶךָ וַיִּתְּנָהּ לְרֵעֲךָ לְדָוִד. (יח) כַּאֲשֶׁר לֹא שָׁמַעְתָּ בְּקוֹל י"י וְלֹא עָשִׂיתָ חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ בַּעֲמָלֵק עַל כֵּן הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה עָשָׂה לְךָ י"י הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה.

Here, Shemuel attributes the punishment only to Shaul's actions in the battle against Amalek, not mentioning his deeds at Gilgal at all. Why not? Were not they too a cause of the loss of the monarchy?

גם דברי הימים א' י', speaks of the reason for Shaul's death and loss of kingship:

(יג) וַיָּמׇת שָׁאוּל בְּמַעֲלוֹ אֲשֶׁר מָעַל בַּי"י עַל דְּבַר י"י אֲשֶׁר לֹא שָׁמָר וְגַם לִשְׁאוֹל בָּאוֹב לִדְרוֹשׁ. (יד) וְלֹא דָרַשׁ בַּי"י וַיְמִיתֵהוּ וַיַּסֵּב אֶת הַמְּלוּכָה לְדָוִיד בֶּן יִשָׁי.

These verses are ambiguous.  What is "מַעֲלוֹ אֲשֶׁר מָעַל בַּי"י?  Which directive of Hashem did Shaul defy – waiting for Shemuel in Gilgal, destroying Amalek, both, or a different command altogether? When the verse states that one of the reasons that Shaul was killed היה מפני "וְלֹא דָרַשׁ בַּי"י" is this referring to his visiting the necromancer or to a more general transgression?2 Which of Shaul's deeds does the narrator believe was the real cause of the loss of kingship?

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