Difference between revisions of "Moshe and Yehoshua/0"
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<div><b><center><span class="highlighted-notice">This topic has not yet undergone editorial review</span></center></b></div> | <div><b><center><span class="highlighted-notice">This topic has not yet undergone editorial review</span></center></b></div> | ||
<h2>Introduction</h2> | <h2>Introduction</h2> | ||
− | In Bavli Bava Batra, Moshe and Yehoshua are compared, with Moshe being likened to the sun and Yehoshua to the moon.  The gemara highlights one of the greatest challenges faced by Yehoshua; how do you fill the shoes of a leader such as Moshe?  Will you not automatically dim in comparison?  Can you hope to be viewed as anything more than a meager reflection?  When reading the story of Yehoshua, it becomes apparent that the text consciously calls for a comparison between the leaders, as one story alludes to the other. The many content parallels further suggest that many of Yehoshua's action do in fact reflect those of his teacher, as he replays some of the major events of Moshe's career. | + | In <multilink><a href="BavliBavaBatra75a-b" data-aht="source">Bavli Bava Batra</a><a href="BavliBavaBatra75a-b" data-aht="source">Bava Batra 75a-b</a><a href="Bavli Bava Batra" data-aht="parshan">About Bavli Bava Batra</a></multilink>, Moshe and Yehoshua are compared, with Moshe being likened to the sun and Yehoshua to the moon.  The gemara highlights one of the greatest challenges faced by Yehoshua; how do you fill the shoes of a leader such as Moshe?  Will you not automatically dim in comparison?  Can you hope to be viewed as anything more than a meager reflection?  When reading the story of Yehoshua, it becomes apparent that the text consciously calls for a comparison between the leaders, as one story alludes to the other. The many content parallels further suggest that many of Yehoshua's action do in fact reflect those of his teacher, as he replays some of the major events of Moshe's career. |
<h2>Content Parallels</h2> | <h2>Content Parallels</h2> |
Version as of 21:48, 20 June 2016
Moshe and Yehoshua
Introduction
In Bavli Bava Batra, Moshe and Yehoshua are compared, with Moshe being likened to the sun and Yehoshua to the moon. The gemara highlights one of the greatest challenges faced by Yehoshua; how do you fill the shoes of a leader such as Moshe? Will you not automatically dim in comparison? Can you hope to be viewed as anything more than a meager reflection? When reading the story of Yehoshua, it becomes apparent that the text consciously calls for a comparison between the leaders, as one story alludes to the other. The many content parallels further suggest that many of Yehoshua's action do in fact reflect those of his teacher, as he replays some of the major events of Moshe's career.
Content Parallels
Leadership |
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Similar Events | Many of the pivotal events of Moshe's career occur again during Yehoshua's tenure:
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Fulfillment of Tasks | Tasks begun by Moshe are completed by Yehoshua:
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Literary Allusions
The above content parallels are buttressed by several literary allusions:
יהושע | משה |
(יהושע א:ב) מֹשֶׁה עַבְדִּי מֵת וְעַתָּה קוּם עֲבֹר אֶת הַיַּרְדֵּן הַזֶּה | (דברים לא:ב) וַי"י אָמַר אֵלַי לֹא תַעֲבֹר אֶת הַיַּרְדֵּן הַזֶּה. |
(יהושע א:ה) כַּאֲשֶׁר הָיִיתִי עִם מֹשֶׁה אֶהְיֶה עִמָּךְ לֹא אַרְפְּךָ וְלֹא אֶעֶזְבֶךָּ. | (שמות ג:יב) וַיֹּאמֶר כִּי אֶהְיֶה עִמָּךְ |
(יהושע א:ח) לֹא יָמוּשׁ סֵפֶר הַתּוֹרָה הַזֶּה מִפִּיךָ | (דברים לא:ט) וַיִּכְתֹּב מֹשֶׁה אֶת הַתּוֹרָה הַזֹּאת |
(יהושע א:ט) הֲלוֹא צִוִּיתִיךָ חֲזַק וֶאֱמָץ אַל תַּעֲרֹץ וְאַל תֵּחָת כִּי עִמְּךָ י"י אֱלֹהֶיךָ בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ | (דברים לא:ו-ח) חִזְקוּ וְאִמְצוּ אַל תִּירְאוּ וְאַל תַּעַרְצוּ... חֲזַק וֶאֱמָץ... וַי"י הוּא הַהֹלֵךְ לְפָנֶיךָ הוּא יִהְיֶה עִמָּךְ... לֹא תִירָא וְלֹא תֵחָת |
(יהושע א:יא) הָכִינוּ לָכֶם צֵידָה כִּי בְּעוֹד שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים אַתֶּם עֹבְרִים אֶת הַיַּרְדֵּן | (שמות יב:לט) וְגַם צֵדָה לֹא עָשׂוּ לָהֶם |
(יהושע א:יד) נְשֵׁיכֶם טַפְּכֶם וּמִקְנֵיכֶם יֵשְׁבוּ בָּאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר נָתַן לָכֶם מֹשֶׁה בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן וְאַתֶּם תַּעַבְרוּ חֲמֻשִׁים לִפְנֵי אֲחֵיכֶם כֹּל גִּבּוֹרֵי הַחַיִל וַעֲזַרְתֶּם אוֹתָם. | (במדבר לב:כו-כז) טַפֵּנוּ נָשֵׁינוּ מִקְנֵנוּ וְכׇל בְּהֶמְתֵּנוּ יִהְיוּ שָׁם בְּעָרֵי הַגִּלְעָד |
(יהושע א:טו) עַד אֲשֶׁר יָנִיחַ י"י לַאֲחֵיכֶם כָּכֶם וְיָרְשׁוּ גַם הֵמָּה אֶת הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר י"י אֱלֹהֵיכֶם נֹתֵן לָהֶם וְשַׁבְתֶּם לְאֶרֶץ יְרֻשַּׁתְכֶם וִירִשְׁתֶּם אוֹתָהּ אֲשֶׁר נָתַן לָכֶם מֹשֶׁה... | (דברים ג:כ) עַד אֲשֶׁר יָנִיחַ י"י לַאֲחֵיכֶם כָּכֶם וְיָרְשׁוּ גַם הֵם אֶת הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר י"י אֱלֹהֵיכֶם נֹתֵן לָהֶם בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן וְשַׁבְתֶּם אִישׁ לִירֻשָּׁתוֹ אֲשֶׁר נָתַתִּי לָכֶם. |
(יהושע ב:א) וַיִּשְׁלַח יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן נוּן מִן הַשִּׁטִּים שְׁנַיִם אֲנָשִׁים מְרַגְּלִים חֶרֶשׁ לֵאמֹר לְכוּ רְאוּ אֶת הָאָרֶץ | (במדבר יג:ב,יח) שְׁלַח לְךָ אֲנָשִׁים... וּרְאִיתֶם אֶת הָאָרֶץ מַה הִוא |
(יהושע ד:כא) וַיֹּאמֶר אֶל בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לֵאמֹר אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁאָלוּן בְּנֵיכֶם מָחָר אֶת אֲבוֹתָם לֵאמֹר מָה הָאֲבָנִים הָאֵלֶּה. | (שמות יג:יד) וְהָיָה כִּי יִשְׁאׇלְךָ בִנְךָ מָחָר לֵאמֹר מַה זֹּאת וְאָמַרְתָּ אֵלָיו בְּחֹזֶק יָד הוֹצִיאָנוּ י"י מִמִּצְרַיִם מִבֵּית עֲבָדִים.9 |
(יהושע ה:טו) וַיֹּאמֶר שַׂר צְבָא י"י אֶל יְהוֹשֻׁעַ שַׁל נַעַלְךָ מֵעַל רַגְלֶךָ כִּי הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה עֹמֵד עָלָיו קֹדֶשׁ הוּא | (שמות ג:ה) וַיֹּאמֶר אַל תִּקְרַב הֲלֹם שַׁל נְעָלֶיךָ מֵעַל רַגְלֶיךָ כִּי הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה עוֹמֵד עָלָיו אַדְמַת קֹדֶשׁ הוּא |
(יהושע כד:כט) וַיָּמׇת יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בִּן נוּן עֶבֶד י"י | (דברים לד:ה) וַיָּמׇת שָׁם מֹשֶׁה עֶבֶד י"י |
Analysis
- Distinctive phrases – Several of the above phrases are unique to these stories. Only Moshe and Yehoshua are given the title "עֶבֶד י"י" and only they are told "שַׁל נַעַלְךָ מֵעַל רַגְלֶךָ". Similarly, no where else does anyone say "כִּי יִשְׁאׇלְךָ בִנְךָ מָחָר". Finally, the cluster of phrases "חֲזַק וֶאֱמָץ", "לֹא יַרְפְּךָ וְלֹא יַעַזְבֶךָּ" and "אַל תֵּחָת" are found only here and in one other story, when David encourages Shelomo to build the Mikdash.10
- Degree of similarity – Many of the parallels have a high degree of similarity. There are a couple of sentences which are almost completely identical,11 and other terms which only differ in number,12 speaker,13 or order.14
- Clustering –
- Roles in their respective stories –