Difference between revisions of "Prohibition of Blood/2"
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| − | <category | + | <category>Blood is the Soul |
| − | + | <p> </p> | |
| − | <p>Refraining from eating blood, the source or symbol of an animal's vitality and soul, reminds one of the sanctity of all life. Eating it would be repugnant and cruel.</p> | + | <opinion>Sacredness of Life |
| − | <mekorot><multilink><a href="RambanVayikra17-11" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanVayikra17-11" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink> #2,<fn>Ramban also speaks of the blood's detrimental effects on human nature and its allocation to Hashem.</fn> <multilink><a href="SeferHaChinukh148" data-aht="source">Sefer HaChinukh</a><a href="SeferHaChinukh148" data-aht="source">148</a><a href="Sefer HaChinukh" data-aht="parshan">About Sefer HaChinukh</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AbarbanelVayikra17" data-aht="source">Abarbanel</a><a href="AbarbanelVayikra17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17</a><a href="AbarbanelDevarim12-20" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:20</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel</a></multilink> #3,<fn>Abarbanel brings many reasons for the prohibition; this is the third possibility he raises in his commentary on Vayikra 17 and Devarim 12.</fn>  <multilink><a href="KeliYekarVayikra17-13" data-aht="source">Keli Yekar</a><a href="KeliYekarVayikra17-13" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:13</a><a href="R. Shelomo Ephraim Luntschitz (Keli Yekar)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Ephraim Luntschitz</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ShadalDevarim12-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalDevarim12-23" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink>,<fn>He also connects aspects of the prohibition to idolatrous practices.</fn> <multilink><a href="RDavidZviHoffmannDevarim12-23-25" data-aht="source">R. D"Z Hoffmann</a><a href="RDavidZviHoffmannVayikra3-17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 3:17</a><a href="RDavidZviHoffmannVayikra17-11-14" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11-14</a><a href="RDavidZviHoffmannDevarim12-23-25" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:23-25</a><a href="R. David Zvi Hoffmann" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Zvi Hoffmann</a></multilink>,<fn>R. Hoffmann also suggests that the prohibition relates to the fact that the blood is sanctified to Hashem.</fn> R. Kook</mekorot> | + | <p>Refraining from eating blood, the source or symbol of an animal's vitality and soul, reminds one of the sanctity of all life. Eating it would be repugnant and cruel.</p> |
| − | </ | + | <mekorot><multilink><a href="RambanVayikra17-11" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanVayikra17-11" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink> #2,<fn>Ramban also speaks of the blood's detrimental effects on human nature and its allocation to Hashem.</fn> <multilink><a href="SeferHaChinukh148" data-aht="source">Sefer HaChinukh</a><a href="SeferHaChinukh148" data-aht="source">148</a><a href="Sefer HaChinukh" data-aht="parshan">About Sefer HaChinukh</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AbarbanelVayikra17" data-aht="source">Abarbanel</a><a href="AbarbanelVayikra17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17</a><a href="AbarbanelDevarim12-20" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:20</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel</a></multilink> #3,<fn>Abarbanel brings many reasons for the prohibition; this is the third possibility he raises in his commentary on Vayikra 17 and Devarim 12.</fn>  <multilink><a href="KeliYekarVayikra17-13" data-aht="source">Keli Yekar</a><a href="KeliYekarVayikra17-13" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:13</a><a href="R. Shelomo Ephraim Luntschitz (Keli Yekar)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Ephraim Luntschitz</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ShadalDevarim12-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalDevarim12-23" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink>,<fn>He also connects aspects of the prohibition to idolatrous practices.</fn> <multilink><a href="RDavidZviHoffmannDevarim12-23-25" data-aht="source">R. D"Z Hoffmann</a><a href="RDavidZviHoffmannVayikra3-17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 3:17</a><a href="RDavidZviHoffmannVayikra17-11-14" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11-14</a><a href="RDavidZviHoffmannDevarim12-23-25" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:23-25</a><a href="R. David Zvi Hoffmann" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Zvi Hoffmann</a></multilink>,<fn>R. Hoffmann also suggests that the prohibition relates to the fact that the blood is sanctified to Hashem.</fn> R. Kook</mekorot> |
| − | < | + | </opinion> |
| − | <p> | + | <opinion>Mixing of Animal and Human Nature |
| − | <mekorot><multilink><a href="IbnEzraDevarim12-25" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraVayikra3-17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 3:17</a><a href="IbnEzraDevarim12-25" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:25</a><a href="IbnEzraBereshitFirstCommentary9-4" data-aht="source">Bereshit First Commentary 9:4</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham ibn Ezra</a></multilink>,<fn>In his comments to Vayikra 3 he, instead, explains that blood is prohibited since it Hashem's portion.  It is possible that he differentiates between the reason for the prohibition with regards to domesticated animals (which are fit for sacrificing) and non-domesticated animals (which are not fit for sacrificing).  Since the blood of the latter is not allocated to Hashem, there must be a different reason for the prohibition.</fn> <multilink><a href="RambanVayikra17-11" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanVayikra17-11" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="SeferHaChinukh148" data-aht="source">Sefer Hachinukh</a><a href="SeferHaChinukh148" data-aht="source">148</a><a href="Sefer HaChinukh" data-aht="parshan">About Sefer HaChinukh</a></multilink>,<fn>He refers to both the spiritual and physical aspects.</fn> <multilink><a href="RalbagVayikra3-16-17" data-aht="source">Ralbag</a><a href="RalbagVayikra3-16-17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 3:16-17</a><a href="RalbagVayikra17-11-14" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11-14</a><a href="RalbagVayikraToalot3-17" data-aht="source">Vayikra Toalot 3:17</a><a href="R. Levi b. Gershom (Ralbag, Gersonides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Levi b. Gershom</a></multilink> #3, <multilink><a href="AbarbanelDevarim12-20" data-aht="source">Abarbanel </a><a href="AbarbanelVayikra17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17</a><a href="AbarbanelDevarim12-20" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:20</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel</a></multilink>#2,<fn>Abarbanel brings many reasons for the prohibition; this is the second possibility he raises in his commentary on Vayikra 17 and Devarim 12.</fn> <multilink><a href="SefornoVayikra17-14" data-aht="source">Seforno</a><a href="SefornoVayikra17-14" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:14</a><a href="SefornoVayikra19-26" data-aht="source">Vayikra 19:26</a><a href="SefornoDevarim12-23" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:23</a><a href="R. Ovadyah Seforno" data-aht="parshan">About R. Ovadyah Seforno</a></multilink>,<fn>He also relates the prohibition to idolatrous practices.</fn> <multilink><a href="OrHaChayyimVayikra17-10" data-aht="source">Or HaChayyim</a><a href="OrHaChayyimVayikra17-10" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:10</a><a href="OrHaChayyimVayikra17-11" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11</a><a href="OrHaChayyimVayikra17-13" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:13</a><a href="R. Chayyim b. Atar (Or HaChayyim)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Chayyim b. Atar</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RSRHirschVayikra17-10-12" data-aht="source">R. Hirsch</a><a href="RSRHirschVayikra3-17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 3:17</a><a href="RSRHirschVayikra7-26" data-aht="source">Vayikra 7:26</a><a href="RSRHirschVayikra17-10-12" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:10-12</a><a href="RSRHirschDevarim12-23" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:23</a><a href="R. Samson Raphael Hirsch" data-aht="parshan">About R. Samson Raphael Hirsch</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="NetzivVayikra17-11-14" data-aht="source">Netziv</a><a href="NetzivVayikra17-11-14" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11-14</a><a href="NetzivDevarim12-23" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:23</a><a href="R. Naftali Tzvi Yehuda Berlin (Netziv)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Naftali Tzvi Yehuda Berlin</a></multilink><fn>Netziv distinguishes between the reason for the prohibition of eating the blood of domesticated and non-domesticated animals and maintains that only the latter is related to the negative effects it will have on man's nature.</fn></mekorot> | + | <p>Ingesting an animal's blood/soul introduces animal-like characteristics into the human soul.</p> |
| + | <mekorot><multilink><a href="IbnEzraDevarim12-25" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraVayikra3-17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 3:17</a><a href="IbnEzraDevarim12-25" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:25</a><a href="IbnEzraBereshitFirstCommentary9-4" data-aht="source">Bereshit First Commentary 9:4</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham ibn Ezra</a></multilink>,<fn>In his comments to Vayikra 3 he, instead, explains that blood is prohibited since it Hashem's portion.  It is possible that he differentiates between the reason for the prohibition with regards to domesticated animals (which are fit for sacrificing) and non-domesticated animals (which are not fit for sacrificing).  Since the blood of the latter is not allocated to Hashem, there must be a different reason for the prohibition.</fn> <multilink><a href="RambanVayikra17-11" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanVayikra17-11" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="SeferHaChinukh148" data-aht="source">Sefer Hachinukh</a><a href="SeferHaChinukh148" data-aht="source">148</a><a href="Sefer HaChinukh" data-aht="parshan">About Sefer HaChinukh</a></multilink>,<fn>He refers to both the spiritual and physical aspects.</fn> <multilink><a href="RalbagVayikra3-16-17" data-aht="source">Ralbag</a><a href="RalbagVayikra3-16-17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 3:16-17</a><a href="RalbagVayikra17-11-14" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11-14</a><a href="RalbagVayikraToalot3-17" data-aht="source">Vayikra Toalot 3:17</a><a href="R. Levi b. Gershom (Ralbag, Gersonides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Levi b. Gershom</a></multilink> #3, <multilink><a href="AbarbanelDevarim12-20" data-aht="source">Abarbanel </a><a href="AbarbanelVayikra17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17</a><a href="AbarbanelDevarim12-20" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:20</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel</a></multilink>#2,<fn>Abarbanel brings many reasons for the prohibition; this is the second possibility he raises in his commentary on Vayikra 17 and Devarim 12.</fn> <multilink><a href="SefornoVayikra17-14" data-aht="source">Seforno</a><a href="SefornoVayikra17-14" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:14</a><a href="SefornoVayikra19-26" data-aht="source">Vayikra 19:26</a><a href="SefornoDevarim12-23" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:23</a><a href="R. Ovadyah Seforno" data-aht="parshan">About R. Ovadyah Seforno</a></multilink>,<fn>He also relates the prohibition to idolatrous practices.</fn> <multilink><a href="OrHaChayyimVayikra17-10" data-aht="source">Or HaChayyim</a><a href="OrHaChayyimVayikra17-10" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:10</a><a href="OrHaChayyimVayikra17-11" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11</a><a href="OrHaChayyimVayikra17-13" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:13</a><a href="R. Chayyim b. Atar (Or HaChayyim)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Chayyim b. Atar</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RSRHirschVayikra17-10-12" data-aht="source">R. Hirsch</a><a href="RSRHirschVayikra3-17" data-aht="source">Vayikra 3:17</a><a href="RSRHirschVayikra7-26" data-aht="source">Vayikra 7:26</a><a href="RSRHirschVayikra17-10-12" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:10-12</a><a href="RSRHirschDevarim12-23" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:23</a><a href="R. Samson Raphael Hirsch" data-aht="parshan">About R. Samson Raphael Hirsch</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="NetzivVayikra17-11-14" data-aht="source">Netziv</a><a href="NetzivVayikra17-11-14" data-aht="source">Vayikra 17:11-14</a><a href="NetzivDevarim12-23" data-aht="source">Devarim 12:23</a><a href="R. Naftali Tzvi Yehuda Berlin (Netziv)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Naftali Tzvi Yehuda Berlin</a></multilink><fn>Netziv distinguishes between the reason for the prohibition of eating the blood of domesticated and non-domesticated animals and maintains that only the latter is related to the negative effects it will have on man's nature.</fn></mekorot> | ||
| + | </opinion> | ||
</category> | </category> | ||
<category>Distancing from Idolatry | <category>Distancing from Idolatry | ||
Version as of 13:52, 4 December 2019
Prohibition of Blood
Exegetical Approaches
Blood is the Soul
Sacredness of Life
Refraining from eating blood, the source or symbol of an animal's vitality and soul, reminds one of the sanctity of all life. Eating it would be repugnant and cruel.
Mixing of Animal and Human Nature
Distancing from Idolatry
Consuming blood is prohibited since it is related to idolatrous practices.
Sanctified to Hashem
Since the blood of animals is thrown on the altar and sanctified to Hashem, it is not fit for human consumption.
Sources:Ibn Ezra, R. Yosef Bekhor Shor,11 Ramban, Ralbag, Abarbanel #1, R. Avraham Saba, Netziv, R. David Zvi Hoffmann
