Difference between revisions of "Shekhem and Dinah – Amnon and Tamar/0"
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<li><b>Rape </b>– Though one would expect to find the root "ענה" in a story of rape, the combined roots of "שכב" and "ענה" appear just in these two stories.</li> | <li><b>Rape </b>– Though one would expect to find the root "ענה" in a story of rape, the combined roots of "שכב" and "ענה" appear just in these two stories.</li> | ||
| − | <li><b>"נְבָלָה"</b>  – Variations of the phrase "נְבָלָה עָשָׂה בְיִשְׂרָאֵל" appears in five additional places in Tanakh, but it is only in these two stories that the additional plea " וְכֵן לֹא יֵעָשֶׂה" is found.< | + | <li><b>"נְבָלָה"</b>  – Variations of the phrase "נְבָלָה עָשָׂה בְיִשְׂרָאֵל" appears in five additional places in Tanakh, but it is only in these two stories that the additional plea "וְכֵן לֹא יֵעָשֶׂה" is found.</li> |
| − | <li><b>"שָׁמַע... וַיִּחַר לוֹ"</b> | + | <li><b>Silence</b> – Silence is not necessarily the expected reaction to rape, but Yaakov's first act is to wait quietly, and Tamar is told not to say anything.  In both stories, moreover, this silence is simply the calm before the storm, and is followed by murder of the perpetrators.</li> |
| − | <li>In both | + | <li><b>"שָׁמַע... וַיִּחַר לוֹ"</b> – Many people are upset in Tanakh, but the combination of "hearing" and "being upset" is found only in these stories and in Shemuel1 11:6 and Nechemya 3:33.  In addition, unexpectedly, in both incidents though the father hears and is upset about the rape, neither acts in its aftermath.</li> |
| + | <li><b>The Brothers</b> – In both Bereshit and Shemuel, it is the victim's brother(s) who avenges the rape, and the text makes an explicit point of identifying them as such.</li> | ||
</ul> | </ul> | ||
<h2 name="">Contrasts</h2> | <h2 name="">Contrasts</h2> | ||
| + | <p>There are two main points of contrast between the events:</p> | ||
| + | <ul> | ||
| + | <li>Love and Hatred – After the rape, Shechem loves Dinah, speaks to her heart and asks to marry her. Amnon, in contrast, is filled with hatred and dismisses Tamar, shaming her as he sends her away.</li> | ||
| + | <li>While Shimon and Levi kill the entire city to avenge Dinah's death, Avshalom kills only Amnon. The text even specifies that he alone was killed, while the other brothers were spared.</li> | ||
| + | </ul> | ||
</page> | </page> | ||
</aht-xml> | </aht-xml> | ||
Version as of 04:31, 11 December 2014
Shekhem and Dinah – Amnon and Tamar
Introduction
EN/HEע/E
| אונס דינה ע"י שכם (בראשית ל"ד) | אונס תמר ע"י אמנון (שמ"ב י"ג) | |
|---|---|---|
| (ב) וַיִּקַּח אֹתָהּ וַיִּשְׁכַּב אֹתָהּ וַיְעַנֶּהָ | (יד) וַיֶּחֱזַק מִמֶּנָּה וַיְעַנֶּהָ וַיִּשְׁכַּב אֹתָהּ | |
| (ג-ד) וַתִּדְבַּק נַפְשׁוֹ בְּדִינָה בַּת יַעֲקֹב וַיֶּאֱהַב אֶת הַנַּעֲרָ וַיְדַבֵּר עַל לֵב הַנַּעֲרָ. וַיֹּאמֶר... קַח לִי אֶת הַיַּלְדָּה הַזֹּאת לְאִשָּׁה | (טו) וַיִּשְׂנָאֶהָ אַמְנוֹן שִׂנְאָה גְּדוֹלָה מְאֹד... וַיֹּאמֶר לָהּ אַמְנוֹן קוּמִי לֵכִי וַתֹּאמֶר לוֹ אַל אוֹדֹת הָרָעָה הַגְּדוֹלָה הַזֹּאת מֵאַחֶרֶת אֲשֶׁר עָשִׂיתָ עִמִּי לְשַׁלְּחֵנִי וְלֹא אָבָה לִשְׁמֹעַ לָהּ. וַיִּקְרָא אֶת נַעֲרוֹ מְשָׁרְתוֹ וַיֹּאמֶר שִׁלְחוּ נָא אֶת זֹאת מֵעָלַי הַחוּצָה וּנְעֹל הַדֶּלֶת אַחֲרֶיהָ | |
| (ה-ז) וְיַעֲקֹב שָׁמַע... וּבְנֵי יַעֲקֹב בָּאוּ מִן הַשָּׂדֶה כְּשָׁמְעָם וַיִּתְעַצְּבוּ הָאֲנָשִׁים וַיִּחַר לָהֶם מְאֹד | (כא) וְהַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד שָׁמַע... וַיִּחַר לוֹ מְאֹד | |
| (ה) וְהֶחֱרִשׁ יַעֲקֹב עַד בֹּאָם | (כ) וְעַתָּה אֲחוֹתִי הַחֲרִישִׁי | |
| (ז) כִּי נְבָלָה עָשָׂה בְיִשְׂרָאֵל... וְכֵן לֹא יֵעָשֶׂה | (יב) לֹא יֵעָשֶׂה כֵן בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל אַל תַּעֲשֵׂה אֶת הַנְּבָלָה הַזֹּאת | |
| (כה) שִׁמְעוֹן וְלֵוִי אֲחֵי דִינָה | (א) וּלְאַבְשָׁלוֹם בֶּן דָּוִד אָחוֹת יָפָה וּשְׁמָהּ תָּמָר | |
| (כה-כז) וַיְהִי בַיּוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי בִּהְיוֹתָם כֹּאֲבִים וַיִּקְחוּ שְׁנֵי בְנֵי יַעֲקֹב שִׁמְעוֹן וְלֵוִי אֲחֵי דִינָה אִישׁ חַרְבּוֹ וַיָּבֹאוּ עַל הָעִיר בֶּטַח וַיַּהַרְגוּ כָּל זָכָר. וְאֶת חֲמוֹר וְאֶת שְׁכֶם בְּנוֹ הָרְגוּ לְפִי חָרֶב וַיִּקְחוּ אֶת דִּינָה מִבֵּית שְׁכֶם וַיֵּצֵאוּ... וַיָּבֹזּוּ הָעִיר אֲשֶׁר טִמְּאוּ אֲחוֹתָם | (כח,לב) וַיְצַו אַבְשָׁלוֹם אֶת נְעָרָיו לֵאמֹר רְאוּ נָא כְּטוֹב לֵב אַמְנוֹן בַּיַּיִן וְאָמַרְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶם הַכּוּ אֶת אַמְנוֹן וַהֲמִתֶּם אֹתוֹ... אַל יֹאמַר אֲדֹנִי אֵת כָּל הַנְּעָרִים בְּנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ הֵמִיתוּ כִּי אַמְנוֹן לְבַדּוֹ מֵת כִּי עַל פִּי אַבְשָׁלוֹם הָיְתָה שׂוּמָה מִיּוֹם עַנֹּתוֹ אֵת תָּמָר אֲחֹתוֹ |
Parallels
As these two stories both recount a rape, it is not surprising that there should be several points of contact between the two. Some phraseology, though, is unique to just these two incidents and there are several additional unexpected parallels. Nonetheless, it is still difficult to determine if the Amnon-Tamar story is intentionally alluding to Bereshit, or if the similarities are coincidental:
- Rape – Though one would expect to find the root "ענה" in a story of rape, the combined roots of "שכב" and "ענה" appear just in these two stories.
- "נְבָלָה" – Variations of the phrase "נְבָלָה עָשָׂה בְיִשְׂרָאֵל" appears in five additional places in Tanakh, but it is only in these two stories that the additional plea "וְכֵן לֹא יֵעָשֶׂה" is found.
- Silence – Silence is not necessarily the expected reaction to rape, but Yaakov's first act is to wait quietly, and Tamar is told not to say anything. In both stories, moreover, this silence is simply the calm before the storm, and is followed by murder of the perpetrators.
- "שָׁמַע... וַיִּחַר לוֹ" – Many people are upset in Tanakh, but the combination of "hearing" and "being upset" is found only in these stories and in Shemuel1 11:6 and Nechemya 3:33. In addition, unexpectedly, in both incidents though the father hears and is upset about the rape, neither acts in its aftermath.
- The Brothers – In both Bereshit and Shemuel, it is the victim's brother(s) who avenges the rape, and the text makes an explicit point of identifying them as such.
Contrasts
There are two main points of contrast between the events:
- Love and Hatred – After the rape, Shechem loves Dinah, speaks to her heart and asks to marry her. Amnon, in contrast, is filled with hatred and dismisses Tamar, shaming her as he sends her away.
- While Shimon and Levi kill the entire city to avenge Dinah's death, Avshalom kills only Amnon. The text even specifies that he alone was killed, while the other brothers were spared.
