Difference between revisions of "Sin of the Golden Calf/2"
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| − | <category> | + | <category>Foreign God |
| − | + | <p>The nation viewed the calf as a god and worshiped it either together with or instead of Hashem.</p> | |
| − | + | <mekorot><multilink><a href="PhiloTheSpecialLawsIIIXXII-125" data-aht="source">Philo</a><a href="PhiloTheSpecialLawsIIIXXII-125" data-aht="source">The Special Laws, III XXII:125</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="BavliSanhedrin63a" data-aht="source">Bavli Sanhedrin</a><a href="BavliSanhedrin63a" data-aht="source">Sanhedrin 63a</a><a href="Talmud Bavli" data-aht="parshan">About the Bavli</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="TargumPseudo-JonathanShemot32-3-6" data-aht="source">Targum Pseudo-Jonathan</a><a href="TargumPseudo-JonathanShemot32-3-6" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:3-6</a><a href="Targum Pseudo-Jonathan" data-aht="parshan">About Targum Pseudo-Jonathan</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="PirkeiDeRabbiEliezer45" data-aht="source">Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer</a><a href="PirkeiDeRabbiEliezer45" data-aht="source">45</a><a href="Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer" data-aht="parshan">About Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashiShemot32-1-6" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiShemot32-1-6" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:1-6</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="LekachTovBereshit32-1" data-aht="source">Lekach Tov</a><a href="LekachTovBereshit32-1" data-aht="source">Bereshit 32:1</a><a href="R. Toviah b. Eliezer (Lekach Tov)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Toviah b. Eliezer</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RAvrahambHaRambamShemot32-4-9" data-aht="source">R. Avraham b. HaRambam</a><a href="RAvrahambHaRambamShemot32-4-9" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:4-9</a><a href="RAvrahambHaRambamShemot32-22_2" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:22</a><a href="R. Avraham Maimonides" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham Maimonides</a></multilink>, <fn>Ralbag seems to follow Ibn Ezra, that Aharon did not intend to make idolatry.</fn></mekorot> | |
| − | + | <point><b>Why does Moshe's delay result in the sin?</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>"עֲשֵׂה לָנוּ אֱלֹהִים"</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>"אֵלֶּה אֱלֹהֶיךָ יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר הֶעֱלוּךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם"</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>"חַג לַי"י מָחָר"</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>Offering sacrifices</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>Why a calf?</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>Water test</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>Breaking of the Luchot</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>Role of Aharon</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>Sinning so soon after Matan Torah</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>3,000 killed</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>Biblical parallels</b></point> | |
| − | + | <point><b>People's perception of Moshe</b></point> | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
</category> | </category> | ||
| − | <category> | + | <category name="Graven Image"> |
| − | <mekorot><multilink><a href="IbnEzraShemotLongCommentary32-1" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraShemotLongCommentary32-1" data-aht="source">Shemot Long Commentary 32:1</a><a href="IbnEzraShemotShortCommentary32-1" data-aht="source">Shemot Short Commentary 32:1</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham ibn Ezra</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot32-1" data-aht="source">R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot32-1" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:1-8</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot32-20" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:20</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot32-25-26" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:25-26</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot33-7" data-aht="source">Shemot 33:7</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot34-30" data-aht="source">Shemot 34:30</a><a href="R. Yosef Bekhor Shor" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RambanShemot32-1" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanShemot32-1" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:1</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink>, | + |  Graven Image of Hashem |
| + | <p>The people viewed the calf as a means through which they could worship Hashem.  They did not transgress the command of "you shall have no other gods besides me" but only the prohibition against making a graven image, even of Hashem Himself.</p> | ||
| + | <mekorot><multilink><a href="Kuzari1-97" data-aht="source">Kuzari</a><a href="Kuzari1-97" data-aht="source">1:97</a><a href="R. Yehuda HaLevi" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yehuda HaLevi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="IbnEzraShemotLongCommentary20-19" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra,</a><a href="IbnEzraShemotLongCommentary20-19" data-aht="source">Shemot Long Commentary 20:19</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham ibn Ezra</a></multilink> <multilink><a href="RadakMelakhimI12-28" data-aht="source">Radak</a><a href="RadakMelakhimI12-28" data-aht="source">Melakhim I 12:28</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Kimchi</a></multilink>, Cassuto, Bazak</mekorot> | ||
| + | </category> | ||
| + | <category>Guide in the Wilderness | ||
| + | <p>Bereft of Moshe's leadership and his connection to the Divine, the people looked for an alternative to guide them in the wilderness.</p> | ||
| + | <mekorot><multilink><a href="IbnEzraShemotLongCommentary32-1" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraShemotLongCommentary32-1" data-aht="source">Shemot Long Commentary 32:1</a><a href="IbnEzraShemotShortCommentary32-1" data-aht="source">Shemot Short Commentary 32:1</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham ibn Ezra</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot32-1" data-aht="source">R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot32-1" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:1-8</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot32-20" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:20</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot32-25-26" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:25-26</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot33-7" data-aht="source">Shemot 33:7</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorShemot34-30" data-aht="source">Shemot 34:30</a><a href="R. Yosef Bekhor Shor" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RambanShemot32-1" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanShemot32-1" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:1</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RalbagShemotBeurHaParashah31-18" data-aht="source">Ralbag</a><a href="RalbagShemotBeurHaParashah31-18" data-aht="source">Shemot Beur HaParashah 31:18</a><a href="R. Levi b. Gershom (Ralbag, Gersonides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Levi b. Gershom</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AbarbanelShemot32-1-7" data-aht="source">Abarbanel</a><a href="AbarbanelShemot32-1-7" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:1-7</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="MaaseiHashemMaaseiTorah12" data-aht="source">R. Eliezer Ashkenazi</a><a href="MaaseiHashemMaaseiTorah11" data-aht="source">Ma'asei Hashem Ma'asei Torah 11</a><a href="MaaseiHashemMaaseiTorah12" data-aht="source">Ma'asei Hashem Ma'asei Torah 12</a><a href="R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ShadalShemot32-4" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalShemot32-4" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:4</a><a href="ShadalShemot32-8-9" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:8-9</a><a href="ShadalShemot32-27" data-aht="source">Shemot 32:27</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink>,</mekorot> | ||
<point><b>Polemical motivations</b></point> | <point><b>Polemical motivations</b></point> | ||
<point><b>Tehillim 106:19-20</b></point> | <point><b>Tehillim 106:19-20</b></point> | ||
</category> | </category> | ||
<category>Replacement of the Mishkan | <category>Replacement of the Mishkan | ||
| − | |||
</category> | </category> | ||
</approaches> | </approaches> | ||
</page> | </page> | ||
</aht-xml> | </aht-xml> | ||
Version as of 13:45, 22 February 2016
Sin of the Golden Calf
Exegetical Approaches
Foreign God
The nation viewed the calf as a god and worshiped it either together with or instead of Hashem.
Sources:Philo, Bavli Sanhedrin, Targum Pseudo-Jonathan, Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer, Rashi, Lekach Tov, R. Avraham b. HaRambam, 1
Why does Moshe's delay result in the sin?
"עֲשֵׂה לָנוּ אֱלֹהִים"
"אֵלֶּה אֱלֹהֶיךָ יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר הֶעֱלוּךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם"
"חַג לַי"י מָחָר"
Offering sacrifices
Why a calf?
Water test
Breaking of the Luchot
Role of Aharon
Sinning so soon after Matan Torah
3,000 killed
Biblical parallels
People's perception of Moshe
Graven Image of Hashem
The people viewed the calf as a means through which they could worship Hashem. They did not transgress the command of "you shall have no other gods besides me" but only the prohibition against making a graven image, even of Hashem Himself.
Guide in the Wilderness
Bereft of Moshe's leadership and his connection to the Divine, the people looked for an alternative to guide them in the wilderness.
Polemical motivations
Tehillim 106:19-20
