https://alhatorah.org/Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en?useskin=vector&action=history&feed=atom&Who Sold Yosef/2/en - Revision history2024-03-29T04:57:04ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.33.1https://alhatorah.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en&diff=69681&oldid=prev&useskin=vectorNeima at 20:09, 30 April 20202020-04-30T20:09:08Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Version as of 20:09, 30 April 2020</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h2>Overview</h2></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h2>Overview</h2></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The story of Yosef's sale focuses on the actions of two brothers – Reuven and Yehuda, and four groups of foreign nationals – Yishmaelites, Midianites, Medanites, and Egyptians. Commentators disagree about the internal relationships among both the brothers and the foreign parties, and the extent of the interaction between them. This has significant consequences for reconstructing the sequence of events in this episode as well as evaluating the brothers' character.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">s</del></p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The story of Yosef's sale focuses on the actions of two brothers – Reuven and Yehuda, and four groups of foreign nationals – Yishmaelites, Midianites, Medanites, and Egyptians. Commentators disagree about the internal relationships among both the brothers and the foreign parties, and the extent of the interaction between them. This has significant consequences for reconstructing the sequence of events in this episode as well as evaluating the brothers' character.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Bereshit Rabbah views the brothers as acting in unison to sell Yosef, with Reuven being the lone holdout. It also maintains that there were numerous unrelated groups of foreigners and multiple transactions, with the brothers' sale to the Yishmaelites being merely the first in a series. In contrast, R. Yosef Bekhor Shor portrays the brothers as divided between the two factions of Reuven and Yehuda, and the foreign nationals as all being part of the same caravan. According to him, half of the brothers sold Yosef to the foreign conglomerate which then proceeded to take him to Egypt. Finally, Rashbam presents all of the brothers including Reuven as one entity which was not responsible for Yosef's sale. He posits that the transaction was instead conducted between the different foreign groups themselves.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Bereshit Rabbah views the brothers as acting in unison to sell Yosef, with Reuven being the lone holdout. It also maintains that there were numerous unrelated groups of foreigners and multiple transactions, with the brothers' sale to the Yishmaelites being merely the first in a series. In contrast, R. Yosef Bekhor Shor portrays the brothers as divided between the two factions of Reuven and Yehuda, and the foreign nationals as all being part of the same caravan. According to him, half of the brothers sold Yosef to the foreign conglomerate which then proceeded to take him to Egypt. Finally, Rashbam presents all of the brothers including Reuven as one entity which was not responsible for Yosef's sale. He posits that the transaction was instead conducted between the different foreign groups themselves.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><!--</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><!--</div></td></tr>
</table>Neimahttps://alhatorah.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en&diff=69680&oldid=prev&useskin=vectorNeima at 20:08, 30 April 20202020-04-30T20:08:57Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="overview"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="overview"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h2>Overview</h2></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h2>Overview</h2></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The story of Yosef's sale focuses on the actions of two brothers – Reuven and Yehuda, and four groups of foreign nationals – Yishmaelites, Midianites, Medanites, and Egyptians. Commentators disagree about the internal relationships among both the brothers and the foreign parties, and the extent of the interaction between them. This has significant consequences for reconstructing the sequence of events in this episode as well as evaluating the brothers' character.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The story of Yosef's sale focuses on the actions of two brothers – Reuven and Yehuda, and four groups of foreign nationals – Yishmaelites, Midianites, Medanites, and Egyptians. Commentators disagree about the internal relationships among both the brothers and the foreign parties, and the extent of the interaction between them. This has significant consequences for reconstructing the sequence of events in this episode as well as evaluating the brothers' character.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">s</ins></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Bereshit Rabbah views the brothers as acting in unison to sell Yosef, with Reuven being the lone holdout. It also maintains that there were numerous unrelated groups of foreigners and multiple transactions, with the brothers' sale to the Yishmaelites being merely the first in a series. In contrast, R. Yosef Bekhor Shor portrays the brothers as divided between the two factions of Reuven and Yehuda, and the foreign nationals as all being part of the same caravan. According to him, half of the brothers sold Yosef to the foreign conglomerate which then proceeded to take him to Egypt. Finally, Rashbam presents all of the brothers including Reuven as one entity which was not responsible for Yosef's sale. He posits that the transaction was instead conducted between the different foreign groups themselves.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Bereshit Rabbah views the brothers as acting in unison to sell Yosef, with Reuven being the lone holdout. It also maintains that there were numerous unrelated groups of foreigners and multiple transactions, with the brothers' sale to the Yishmaelites being merely the first in a series. In contrast, R. Yosef Bekhor Shor portrays the brothers as divided between the two factions of Reuven and Yehuda, and the foreign nationals as all being part of the same caravan. According to him, half of the brothers sold Yosef to the foreign conglomerate which then proceeded to take him to Egypt. Finally, Rashbam presents all of the brothers including Reuven as one entity which was not responsible for Yosef's sale. He posits that the transaction was instead conducted between the different foreign groups themselves.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><!--</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><!--</div></td></tr>
</table>Neimahttps://alhatorah.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en&diff=58117&oldid=prev&useskin=vector>Title modification script: Title modification script moved page Who Sold Yosef/2 to Who Sold Yosef/2/en without leaving a redirect: Converting page titles2019-07-30T15:01:18Z<p>Title modification script moved page <a href="/Who_Sold_Yosef/2?useskin=vector&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Who Sold Yosef/2 (page does not exist)">Who Sold Yosef/2</a> to <a href="/Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en?useskin=vector" title="Who Sold Yosef/2/en">Who Sold Yosef/2/en</a> without leaving a redirect: Converting page titles</p>
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<td colspan="1" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Version as of 15:01, 30 July 2019</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-notice" lang="en"><div class="mw-diff-empty">(No difference)</div>
</td></tr></table>>Title modification scripthttps://alhatorah.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en&diff=55180&oldid=prev&useskin=vectorHillel at 00:21, 5 July 20192019-07-05T00:21:15Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Version as of 00:21, 5 July 2019</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l3" >Line 3:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><page type="Approaches"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><page type="Approaches"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h1>Who Sold Yosef?</h1></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h1>Who Sold Yosef?</h1></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="overview"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="overview"></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h2>Overview</h2></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h2>Overview</h2></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l13" >Line 13:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </continue></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </continue></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>--></div></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>--></div></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><approaches></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><approaches></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l20" >Line 20:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 18:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Yosef's brothers were the ones who sold him, but Reuven was elsewhere when the sale occurred.<fn>Binyamin was also not present, as he was much younger and at home with Yaakov.</fn></p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Yosef's brothers were the ones who sold him, but Reuven was elsewhere when the sale occurred.<fn>Binyamin was also not present, as he was much younger and at home with Yaakov.</fn></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><mekorot></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><mekorot></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><multilink><a href="BereshitRabbah84-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit Rabbah</a><a href="BereshitRabbah84-8" data-aht="source">84:8</a><a href="BereshitRabbah84-15" data-aht="source">84:15</a><a href="BereshitRabbah84-19" data-aht="source">Vilna 84:19</a><a href="BereshitRabbahAlbeck84" data-aht="source">Albeck 84:19</a><a href="BereshitRabbah84-22" data-aht="source">84:22</a><a href="Bereshit Rabbah" data-aht="parshan">About Bereshit Rabbah</a></multilink>,<fn>There are conflicting textual witnesses as to whether Bereshit Rabbah 84:8 and 84:22 read "מדיינים" or "מדנים", and this has important ramifications for understanding its position. See also below for the similar question regarding the text of Rashi.</fn> <multilink><a href="TanchumaBuberVayeshev13" data-aht="source">Tanchuma (Buber)</a><a href="TanchumaBuberVayeshev13" data-aht="source">Vayeshev 13</a><a href="Tanchuma" data-aht="parshan">About Tanchuma (Buber)</a></multilink>,<fn>See also the slightly clearer version of the Tanchuma cited by R. Elyakim in <multilink><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Minchat Yehuda</a><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Yehuda b. Elazar (Minchat Yehuda)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yehuda b. Elazar</a></multilink>.</fn> <multilink><a href="PsJBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Targum <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Pseudo-Jonathan</del></a><a href="PsJBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28-29</a><a href="Targum <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Pseudo-Jonathan</del>" data-aht="parshan">About Targum <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Pseudo-Jonathan</del></a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashiBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiBereshit37-3" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:3</a><a href="RashiBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="RashiBereshit37-29" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:29</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki</a></multilink>,<fn>A precise reconstruction of the details of Rashi's position depends in great part on establishing the correct text of his comments on 37:3 and 37:28 (see above for the similar question regarding the text of Bereshit Rabbah), and determining the relationship between these seemingly contradictory interpretations – see also the notes below. Most printed editions read "מדינים" in the text of Rashi on both 37:3 and 37:28. Accordingly, it is possible that Rashi 37:3 (like Rashi 37:28) refers to only three groups, with the "סוחרים" and "מדינים" being two names for the same people. However, MS Leipzig 1 reads "מדנים" in the text of Rashi on both verses, and see also the discussion in <multilink><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Minchat Yehuda</a><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Yehuda b. Elazar (Minchat Yehuda)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yehuda b. Elazar</a></multilink>. According to this version, the "סוחרים" and "מדנים" would be two different groups, and Rashi's two interpretations would appear to be based on two conflicting Midrashim (Bereshit Rabbah and Tanchuma) and incompatible with each other.</fn> <multilink><a href="IbnEzraBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraBereshit37-25" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:25</a><a href="IbnEzraBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham ibn Ezra</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RTam" data-aht="source">R. Tam</a><a href="RTam" data-aht="source">MS Dresden 399</a><a href="R. Yaakov b. Meir (R. Tam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Tam</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RadakBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Radak</a><a href="RadakBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Kimchi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RAvrahamBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">R. Avraham b. HaRambam</a><a href="RAvrahamBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Avraham Maimonides" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham Maimonides</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RambanBereshit37-25" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanBereshit37-25" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:25</a><a href="RambanBereshit45-27" data-aht="source">Bereshit 45:27</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe Nachmanides</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="MaaseiHashem35" data-aht="source">Ma'asei Hashem</a><a href="MaaseiHashem35" data-aht="source">Ma'asei Avot 35</a><a href="R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Eliezer Ashkenazi</a></multilink></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><multilink><a href="BereshitRabbah84-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit Rabbah</a><a href="BereshitRabbah84-8" data-aht="source">84:8</a><a href="BereshitRabbah84-15" data-aht="source">84:15</a><a href="BereshitRabbah84-19" data-aht="source">Vilna 84:19</a><a href="BereshitRabbahAlbeck84" data-aht="source">Albeck 84:19</a><a href="BereshitRabbah84-22" data-aht="source">84:22</a><a href="Bereshit Rabbah" data-aht="parshan">About Bereshit Rabbah</a></multilink>,<fn>There are conflicting textual witnesses as to whether Bereshit Rabbah 84:8 and 84:22 read "מדיינים" or "מדנים", and this has important ramifications for understanding its position. See also below for the similar question regarding the text of Rashi.</fn> <multilink><a href="TanchumaBuberVayeshev13" data-aht="source">Tanchuma (Buber)</a><a href="TanchumaBuberVayeshev13" data-aht="source">Vayeshev 13</a><a href="Tanchuma" data-aht="parshan">About Tanchuma (Buber)</a></multilink>,<fn>See also the slightly clearer version of the Tanchuma cited by R. Elyakim in <multilink><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Minchat Yehuda</a><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Yehuda b. Elazar (Minchat Yehuda)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yehuda b. Elazar</a></multilink>.</fn> <multilink><a href="PsJBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Targum <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Yerushalmi (Yonatan)</ins></a><a href="PsJBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28-29</a><a href="Targum <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Yerushalmi (Yonatan)</ins>" data-aht="parshan">About Targum <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Yerushalmi (Yonatan)</ins></a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashiBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiBereshit37-3" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:3</a><a href="RashiBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="RashiBereshit37-29" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:29</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki</a></multilink>,<fn>A precise reconstruction of the details of Rashi's position depends in great part on establishing the correct text of his comments on 37:3 and 37:28 (see above for the similar question regarding the text of Bereshit Rabbah), and determining the relationship between these seemingly contradictory interpretations – see also the notes below. Most printed editions read "מדינים" in the text of Rashi on both 37:3 and 37:28. Accordingly, it is possible that Rashi 37:3 (like Rashi 37:28) refers to only three groups, with the "סוחרים" and "מדינים" being two names for the same people. However, MS Leipzig 1 reads "מדנים" in the text of Rashi on both verses, and see also the discussion in <multilink><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Minchat Yehuda</a><a href="MinchatYehudaBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Yehuda b. Elazar (Minchat Yehuda)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yehuda b. Elazar</a></multilink>. According to this version, the "סוחרים" and "מדנים" would be two different groups, and Rashi's two interpretations would appear to be based on two conflicting Midrashim (Bereshit Rabbah and Tanchuma) and incompatible with each other.</fn> <multilink><a href="IbnEzraBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraBereshit37-25" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:25</a><a href="IbnEzraBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham ibn Ezra</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RTam" data-aht="source">R. Tam</a><a href="RTam" data-aht="source">MS Dresden 399</a><a href="R. Yaakov b. Meir (R. Tam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Tam</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RadakBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Radak</a><a href="RadakBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Kimchi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RAvrahamBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">R. Avraham b. HaRambam</a><a href="RAvrahamBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Avraham Maimonides" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham Maimonides</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RambanBereshit37-25" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanBereshit37-25" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:25</a><a href="RambanBereshit45-27" data-aht="source">Bereshit 45:27</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe Nachmanides</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="MaaseiHashem35" data-aht="source">Ma'asei Hashem</a><a href="MaaseiHashem35" data-aht="source">Ma'asei Avot 35</a><a href="R. Eliezer Ashkenazi (Ma'asei Hashem)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Eliezer Ashkenazi</a></multilink></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></mekorot></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></mekorot></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"וַיִּמְשְׁכוּ, וַיַּעֲלוּ... וַיִּמְכְּרוּ"</b> – This approach subdivides into differing interpretations of how these three verbs relate to the Midianites who were introduced at the beginning of the verse ("וַיַּעַבְרוּ אֲנָשִׁים מִדְיָנִים סֹחֲרִים"):</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"וַיִּמְשְׁכוּ, וַיַּעֲלוּ... וַיִּמְכְּרוּ"</b> – This approach subdivides into differing interpretations of how these three verbs relate to the Midianites who were introduced at the beginning of the verse ("וַיַּעַבְרוּ אֲנָשִׁים מִדְיָנִים סֹחֲרִים"):</div></td></tr>
</table>Hillelhttps://alhatorah.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en&diff=50424&oldid=prev&useskin=vectorHillel at 13:51, 22 January 20192019-01-22T13:51:30Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Version as of 13:51, 22 January 2019</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l68" >Line 68:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 68:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>How many sales?</b> Yosef was sold only twice. The brothers sold him to the combined Yishmaelite / Midianite / Medanite caravan, who then resold him to Potiphar.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>How many sales?</b> Yosef was sold only twice. The brothers sold him to the combined Yishmaelite / Midianite / Medanite caravan, who then resold him to Potiphar.</point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"וְאָחִיו מֵת"</b> – R"Y Bekhor Shor does not comment on this verse, but he could maintain, like Rashi above, that Yehuda was simply lying, or that he thought Yosef was as good as dead.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"וְאָחִיו מֵת"</b> – R"Y Bekhor Shor does not comment on this verse, but he could maintain, like Rashi above, that Yehuda was simply lying, or that he thought Yosef was as good as dead.</point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Why Yosef never sent to Yaakov?</b> R"Y Bekhor Shor<fn>R"Y Bekhor Shor is the first medieval commentator to grapple with this question. He also notes that according to Rashbam's approach below that the brothers did not sell Yosef, it is strange that Yosef would never have sent to his father.</fn> explains that when the brothers sold Yosef, they forced him to take an oath that he would never reveal his identity or communicate with Yaakov.<fn>R"Y Bekhor Shor's answer (see also his comments to Bereshit 42:7 and 45:16) bears resemblance to that of the Tanchuma Vayeshev 2 (and see Oxford-Bodley MS 156 of that Tanchuma). For elaboration, see <a href="<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">$</del>"><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Why Didn</del>'<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">t Yosef Send to Yaakov?</del></a> and <a href="Why Did Yosef Frame Binyamin" data-aht="page">Why Did Yosef Frame Binyamin?</a>.</fn></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Why Yosef never sent to Yaakov?</b> R"Y Bekhor Shor<fn>R"Y Bekhor Shor is the first medieval commentator to grapple with this question. He also notes that according to Rashbam's approach below that the brothers did not sell Yosef, it is strange that Yosef would never have sent to his father.</fn> explains that when the brothers sold Yosef, they forced him to take an oath that he would never reveal his identity or communicate with Yaakov.<fn>R"Y Bekhor Shor's answer (see also his comments to Bereshit 42:7 and 45:16) bears resemblance to that of the Tanchuma Vayeshev 2 (and see Oxford-Bodley MS 156 of that Tanchuma). For elaboration, see <a href="<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Yosef's Treatment of his Family" data-aht="page</ins>"><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Yosef</ins>'<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">s Treatment of his Family</ins></a> and <a href="Why Did Yosef Frame Binyamin" data-aht="page">Why Did Yosef Frame Binyamin?</a>.</fn></point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></category></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></category></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><category name="None of the Brothers"></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><category name="None of the Brothers"></div></td></tr>
</table>Hillelhttps://alhatorah.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en&diff=50423&oldid=prev&useskin=vectorHillel at 13:48, 22 January 20192019-01-22T13:48:00Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older version</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Version as of 13:48, 22 January 2019</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l96" >Line 96:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 96:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"כִּי גֻנֹּב גֻּנַּבְתִּי מֵאֶרֶץ הָעִבְרִים"</b> – Shadal's cousin reads these words of Yosef as a reference to the Midianites stealing him from the pit. Shadal, though, thinks that Yosef is referring to his brothers stealing him from Yaakov, and that this statement merely reflects Yosef's own erroneous assumption that his brothers had sold him.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"כִּי גֻנֹּב גֻּנַּבְתִּי מֵאֶרֶץ הָעִבְרִים"</b> – Shadal's cousin reads these words of Yosef as a reference to the Midianites stealing him from the pit. Shadal, though, thinks that Yosef is referring to his brothers stealing him from Yaakov, and that this statement merely reflects Yosef's own erroneous assumption that his brothers had sold him.</point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Why Yosef never sent to Yaakov?</b> R"Y Bekhor Shor notes that Rashbam's approach has the greatest difficulty explaining why Yosef did not send to his father, given the fact that he had not even been sold by his brothers.<fn>Shadal above would answer that Yosef himself mistakenly thought that the brothers had sold him, and was unaware that they were uninvolved.</fn></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Why Yosef never sent to Yaakov?</b> R"Y Bekhor Shor notes that Rashbam's approach has the greatest difficulty explaining why Yosef did not send to his father, given the fact that he had not even been sold by his brothers.<fn>Shadal above would answer that Yosef himself mistakenly thought that the brothers had sold him, and was unaware that they were uninvolved.</fn></point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Yaakov's Blessings</b> – In contrast to other exegetes,&#160;<multilink><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Rashbam</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:9</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel b. Meir</a></multilink> maintains that none of Yaakov's blessings in Bereshit 49 make reference to the brothers' sale of Yosef.&#160; Thus, for example, Rashbam opts to interpret "וַיְמָרְרֻהוּ וָרֹבּוּ וַיִּשְׂטְמֻהוּ בַּעֲלֵי חִצִּים" as referring to Mrs. Potiphar's attempts to harm Yosef, rather than the brothers.<fn>Similarly, he does not<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&#160; </del>think that Yaakov's rebuke of Shimon and Levi refers to the sale, though many other exegetes find allusions to it.</fn>&#160; See also <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> who notes that this position could be consistent with Rashbam's view that the brothers were not the ones who sold Yosef.<fn>Shadal, himself, nonetheless explains the verse to be speaking of the brothers' hatred for Yosef.&#160; For further discussion, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</fn>&#160; For elaboration on Rashbam's reading of the blessing to Yosef, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Yaakov's Blessings</b> – In contrast to other exegetes,&#160;<multilink><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Rashbam</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:9</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel b. Meir</a></multilink> maintains that none of Yaakov's blessings in Bereshit 49 make reference to the brothers' sale of Yosef.&#160; Thus, for example, Rashbam opts to interpret "וַיְמָרְרֻהוּ וָרֹבּוּ וַיִּשְׂטְמֻהוּ בַּעֲלֵי חִצִּים" as referring to Mrs. Potiphar's attempts to harm Yosef, rather than the brothers.<fn>Similarly, he does not think that Yaakov's rebuke of Shimon and Levi refers to the sale, though many other exegetes find allusions to it.</fn>&#160; See also <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> who notes that this position could be consistent with Rashbam's view that the brothers were not the ones who sold Yosef.<fn>Shadal, himself, nonetheless explains the verse to be speaking of the brothers' hatred for Yosef.&#160; For further discussion, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</fn>&#160; For elaboration on Rashbam's reading of the blessing to Yosef, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>What did Yaakov think?</b> <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> suggests that, according to Rashbam, it is possible that Yaakov never knew even of the brothers' hatred of Yosef, but rather assumed (correctly) that Yosef had been abducted and sold by a different party.&#160; Shadal himself, though, in the later printed editions of his commentary,<fn>In this later version, Shadal writes: "כי הנה יוסף האמין שהם מכרוהו, וכן האמין יעקב, כי בודאי בניו לא הגידו לו שהשליכוהו לבור כדי שימות שם".&#160; However, in the manuscripts (1833 NLI MS, Pardo brothers MS, and others) which reflect the earlier drafts of Shadal's commentary, this theory does not appear (and he more simply suggests instead that: "כי אע"פ שלא מכרוהו הנה שנאוהו והיו סבת המכרו").</fn> contends that Yaakov assumed (incorrectly) that the brothers had been directly responsible.<fn>According to Shadal, the brothers could hardly tell their father the truth that they had not sold Yosef, but rather left him in a pit to die.&#160; See above for the argument of R. Mordechai Mortara (Shadal's student) that had Yaakov not thought that the brothers were responsible, the posthumous message the brothers arranged to have delivered to Yosef in 50:16-17 would not have been credible.</fn></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>What did Yaakov think?</b> <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> suggests that, according to Rashbam, it is possible that Yaakov never knew even of the brothers' hatred of Yosef, but rather assumed (correctly) that Yosef had been abducted and sold by a different party.&#160; Shadal himself, though, in the later printed editions of his commentary,<fn>In this later version, Shadal writes: "כי הנה יוסף האמין שהם מכרוהו, וכן האמין יעקב, כי בודאי בניו לא הגידו לו שהשליכוהו לבור כדי שימות שם".&#160; However, in the manuscripts (1833 NLI MS, Pardo brothers MS, and others) which reflect the earlier drafts of Shadal's commentary, this theory does not appear (and he more simply suggests instead that: "כי אע"פ שלא מכרוהו הנה שנאוהו והיו סבת המכרו").</fn> contends that Yaakov assumed (incorrectly) that the brothers had been directly responsible.<fn>According to Shadal, the brothers could hardly tell their father the truth that they had not sold Yosef, but rather left him in a pit to die.&#160; See above for the argument of R. Mordechai Mortara (Shadal's student) that had Yaakov not thought that the brothers were responsible, the posthumous message the brothers arranged to have delivered to Yosef in 50:16-17 would not have been credible.</fn></point></div></td></tr>
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</table>Hillelhttps://alhatorah.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en&diff=50160&oldid=prev&useskin=vectorNeima at 16:32, 18 December 20182018-12-18T16:32:03Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Version as of 16:32, 18 December 2018</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l96" >Line 96:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"כִּי גֻנֹּב גֻּנַּבְתִּי מֵאֶרֶץ הָעִבְרִים"</b> – Shadal's cousin reads these words of Yosef as a reference to the Midianites stealing him from the pit. Shadal, though, thinks that Yosef is referring to his brothers stealing him from Yaakov, and that this statement merely reflects Yosef's own erroneous assumption that his brothers had sold him.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"כִּי גֻנֹּב גֻּנַּבְתִּי מֵאֶרֶץ הָעִבְרִים"</b> – Shadal's cousin reads these words of Yosef as a reference to the Midianites stealing him from the pit. Shadal, though, thinks that Yosef is referring to his brothers stealing him from Yaakov, and that this statement merely reflects Yosef's own erroneous assumption that his brothers had sold him.</point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Why Yosef never sent to Yaakov?</b> R"Y Bekhor Shor notes that Rashbam's approach has the greatest difficulty explaining why Yosef did not send to his father, given the fact that he had not even been sold by his brothers.<fn>Shadal above would answer that Yosef himself mistakenly thought that the brothers had sold him, and was unaware that they were uninvolved.</fn></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Why Yosef never sent to Yaakov?</b> R"Y Bekhor Shor notes that Rashbam's approach has the greatest difficulty explaining why Yosef did not send to his father, given the fact that he had not even been sold by his brothers.<fn>Shadal above would answer that Yosef himself mistakenly thought that the brothers had sold him, and was unaware that they were uninvolved.</fn></point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Yaakov's Blessings</b> – In contrast to other exegetes,&#160;<multilink><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Rashbam</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:9</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel b. Meir</a></multilink> maintains that none of Yaakov's blessings in Bereshit 49 make reference to the brothers' sale of Yosef.&#160; Thus, Rashbam opts to interpret "וַיְמָרְרֻהוּ וָרֹבּוּ וַיִּשְׂטְמֻהוּ בַּעֲלֵי חִצִּים" as referring to Mrs. Potiphar's attempts to harm Yosef, rather than the brothers.&#160; See also <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> who notes that this position could be consistent with Rashbam's view that the brothers were not the ones who sold Yosef.<fn>Shadal, himself, nonetheless explains the verse to be speaking of the brothers' hatred for Yosef.&#160; For further discussion, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</fn>&#160; For elaboration on Rashbam's reading of the blessing to Yosef, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Yaakov's Blessings</b> – In contrast to other exegetes,&#160;<multilink><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Rashbam</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:9</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel b. Meir</a></multilink> maintains that none of Yaakov's blessings in Bereshit 49 make reference to the brothers' sale of Yosef.&#160; Thus<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, for example</ins>, Rashbam opts to interpret "וַיְמָרְרֻהוּ וָרֹבּוּ וַיִּשְׂטְמֻהוּ בַּעֲלֵי חִצִּים" as referring to Mrs. Potiphar's attempts to harm Yosef, rather than the brothers.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"><fn>Similarly, he does not&#160; think that Yaakov's rebuke of Shimon and Levi refers to the sale, though many other exegetes find allusions to it.</fn></ins>&#160; See also <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> who notes that this position could be consistent with Rashbam's view that the brothers were not the ones who sold Yosef.<fn>Shadal, himself, nonetheless explains the verse to be speaking of the brothers' hatred for Yosef.&#160; For further discussion, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</fn>&#160; For elaboration on Rashbam's reading of the blessing to Yosef, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>What did Yaakov think?</b> <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> suggests that, according to Rashbam, it is possible that Yaakov never knew even of the brothers' hatred of Yosef, but rather assumed (correctly) that Yosef had been abducted and sold by a different party.&#160; Shadal himself, though, in the later printed editions of his commentary,<fn>In this later version, Shadal writes: "כי הנה יוסף האמין שהם מכרוהו, וכן האמין יעקב, כי בודאי בניו לא הגידו לו שהשליכוהו לבור כדי שימות שם".&#160; However, in the manuscripts (1833 NLI MS, Pardo brothers MS, and others) which reflect the earlier drafts of Shadal's commentary, this theory does not appear (and he more simply suggests instead that: "כי אע"פ שלא מכרוהו הנה שנאוהו והיו סבת המכרו").</fn> contends that Yaakov assumed (incorrectly) that the brothers had been directly responsible.<fn>According to Shadal, the brothers could hardly tell their father the truth that they had not sold Yosef, but rather left him in a pit to die.&#160; See above for the argument of R. Mordechai Mortara (Shadal's student) that had Yaakov not thought that the brothers were responsible, the posthumous message the brothers arranged to have delivered to Yosef in 50:16-17 would not have been credible.</fn></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>What did Yaakov think?</b> <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> suggests that, according to Rashbam, it is possible that Yaakov never knew even of the brothers' hatred of Yosef, but rather assumed (correctly) that Yosef had been abducted and sold by a different party.&#160; Shadal himself, though, in the later printed editions of his commentary,<fn>In this later version, Shadal writes: "כי הנה יוסף האמין שהם מכרוהו, וכן האמין יעקב, כי בודאי בניו לא הגידו לו שהשליכוהו לבור כדי שימות שם".&#160; However, in the manuscripts (1833 NLI MS, Pardo brothers MS, and others) which reflect the earlier drafts of Shadal's commentary, this theory does not appear (and he more simply suggests instead that: "כי אע"פ שלא מכרוהו הנה שנאוהו והיו סבת המכרו").</fn> contends that Yaakov assumed (incorrectly) that the brothers had been directly responsible.<fn>According to Shadal, the brothers could hardly tell their father the truth that they had not sold Yosef, but rather left him in a pit to die.&#160; See above for the argument of R. Mordechai Mortara (Shadal's student) that had Yaakov not thought that the brothers were responsible, the posthumous message the brothers arranged to have delivered to Yosef in 50:16-17 would not have been credible.</fn></point></div></td></tr>
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</table>Neimahttps://alhatorah.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en&diff=43339&oldid=prev&useskin=vectorNeima at 16:07, 7 December 20172017-12-07T16:07:31Z<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Version as of 16:07, 7 December 2017</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l90" >Line 90:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 90:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ul></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ul></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><li>Rashbam and Shadal's cousin identify the Medanites as the Yishmaelites, with Shadal's cousin suggesting that all of the sons of Avraham (besides Yitzchak's line) can be referred to as Yishmaelites. This is how they eliminate the contradiction between 37:36 and 39:1.</li></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><li>Rashbam and Shadal's cousin identify the Medanites as the Yishmaelites, with Shadal's cousin suggesting that all of the sons of Avraham (besides Yitzchak's line) can be referred to as Yishmaelites. This is how they eliminate the contradiction between 37:36 and 39:1.</li></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><li>Shadal and Malbim, in contrast, identify the Medanites with the Midianites. They propose that 37:36 is not saying that the Medanites physically brought Yosef to Egypt (as that would contradict 39:1), but <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">simply trying to suggest </del>that they <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">were the main cause of </del>Yosef<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'s going to </del>Egypt<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, as they were </del>the <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ones who originally drew him from the pit</del>.<fn>This is also how R"Y Bekhor Shor understood this approach. R"Y Bekhor Shor, though, rejects this interpretation since 37:36 not only speaks of Yosef being brought down to Egypt, but also specifies that he was sold to Potiphar.</fn></li></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><li>Shadal and Malbim, in contrast, identify the Medanites with the Midianites. They propose that 37:36 is not saying that the Medanites physically brought Yosef to Egypt (as that would contradict 39:1), but that they <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">sold </ins>Yosef <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">towards </ins>Egypt <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">(ie. with </ins>the <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">intent that he arrive in Egypt)</ins>.<fn>This is also how R"Y Bekhor Shor understood this approach. R"Y Bekhor Shor, though, rejects this interpretation since 37:36 not only speaks of Yosef being brought down to Egypt, but also specifies that he was sold to Potiphar.</fn> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Alternatively, the verse might simply mean that the Midianites were the main cause of Yosef's going to Egypt, as they were the ones who originally drew him from the pit.</ins></li></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>How many sales?</b> According to this approach, there were only two sales. The Midianites stole Yosef from the pit and sold him to the Yishmaelites who, in turn, sold him to Potiphar.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>How many sales?</b> According to this approach, there were only two sales. The Midianites stole Yosef from the pit and sold him to the Yishmaelites who, in turn, sold him to Potiphar.</point></div></td></tr>
</table>Neimahttps://alhatorah.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en&diff=42886&oldid=prev&useskin=vectorNeima at 06:45, 25 October 20172017-10-25T06:45:38Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older version</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Version as of 06:45, 25 October 2017</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l74" >Line 74:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 74:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>While Yosef's brothers planned on selling him, they never actually succeeded in doing so, as the Midianites preempted them by abducting Yosef from the pit.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>While Yosef's brothers planned on selling him, they never actually succeeded in doing so, as the Midianites preempted them by abducting Yosef from the pit.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><mekorot></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><mekorot></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><multilink><a href="RashbamBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Rashbam</a><a href="RashbamBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="RashbamBereshit37-36" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:36</a><a href="RashbamBereshit42-21" data-aht="source">Bereshit 42:21</a><a href="RashbamBereshit42-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 42:28</a><a href="RashbamBereshit45-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 45:24</a><a href="R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel b. Meir</a></multilink>,<fn>Rashbam is the first exegete to suggest that this is what actually transpired. However, the notion that the brothers were uninvolved in the sale is found already in the <a href="TestamentBenjamin2" data-aht="source">Testament of Benjamin</a> which presents this as the white lie that Yosef related to Binyamin and instructed his brothers to tell Yaakov. See also the account of Artapanus cited by Eusebius, Praeparatio Evangelica 23.</fn> <multilink><a href="RYHeChasidBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">R. Yehuda HeChasid</a><a href="RYHeChasidBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="MoshavZekeinimBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Moshav Zekeinim Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Yehuda HeChasid" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yehuda HeChasid</a></multilink>,<fn>This is the position recorded by his son. The Moshav Zekeinim cites a somewhat different version which integrates an additional element that the Yishmaelites and Midianites had a dispute over their competing claims to Yosef, and they compromised and jointly sold him in Egypt.</fn> <multilink><a href="ChizkuniBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Chizkuni</a><a href="ChizkuniBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach (Chizkuni)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="BinahLaIttim57" data-aht="source">R. Azariah Figo</a><a href="BinahLaIttim57" data-aht="source">Binah LaIttim 57</a><a href="R. Azariah Figo" data-aht="parshan">About R. Azariah Figo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Shadal's cousin and Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="ShadalBereshit37-29" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:29</a><a href="ShadalBereshit37-36" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:36</a><a href="ShadalBereshit42-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 42:22</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. S.D. Luzzatto</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="MalbimBereshit37-27" data-aht="source">Malbim</a><a href="MalbimBereshit37-27" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:27-29</a><a href="MalbimBereshit37-36" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:36</a><a href="R. Meir Leibush Weiser (Malbim)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Meir Leibush Weiser</a></multilink></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><multilink><a href="RashbamBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Rashbam</a><a href="RashbamBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="RashbamBereshit37-36" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:36</a><a href="RashbamBereshit42-21" data-aht="source">Bereshit 42:21</a><a href="RashbamBereshit42-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 42:28</a><a href="RashbamBereshit45-24" data-aht="source">Bereshit 45:24</a><a href="R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel b. Meir</a></multilink>,<fn>Rashbam is the first exegete to suggest that this is what actually transpired. However, the notion that the brothers were uninvolved in the sale is found already in the <a href="TestamentBenjamin2" data-aht="source">Testament of Benjamin</a> which presents this as the white lie that Yosef related to Binyamin and instructed his brothers to tell Yaakov. See also the account of Artapanus cited by Eusebius, Praeparatio Evangelica 23.</fn> <multilink><a href="RYHeChasidBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">R. Yehuda HeChasid</a><a href="RYHeChasidBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="MoshavZekeinimBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Moshav Zekeinim Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Yehuda HeChasid" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yehuda HeChasid</a></multilink>,<fn>This is the position recorded by his son. The<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">&#160;<a href="MoshavZekeinimBereshit37-28" data-aht="source"></ins>Moshav Zekeinim<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></a> </ins>cites a somewhat different version which integrates an additional element that the Yishmaelites and Midianites had a dispute over their competing claims to Yosef, and they compromised and jointly sold him in Egypt.</fn> <multilink><a href="ChizkuniBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Chizkuni</a><a href="ChizkuniBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach (Chizkuni)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="BinahLaIttim57" data-aht="source">R. Azariah Figo</a><a href="BinahLaIttim57" data-aht="source">Binah LaIttim 57</a><a href="R. Azariah Figo" data-aht="parshan">About R. Azariah Figo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Shadal's cousin and Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:28</a><a href="ShadalBereshit37-29" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:29</a><a href="ShadalBereshit37-36" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:36</a><a href="ShadalBereshit42-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 42:22</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. S.D. Luzzatto</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="MalbimBereshit37-27" data-aht="source">Malbim</a><a href="MalbimBereshit37-27" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:27-29</a><a href="MalbimBereshit37-36" data-aht="source">Bereshit 37:36</a><a href="R. Meir Leibush Weiser (Malbim)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Meir Leibush Weiser</a></multilink></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></mekorot></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></mekorot></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"וַיִּמְשְׁכוּ, וַיַּעֲלוּ... וַיִּמְכְּרוּ"</b> – According to this approach, the subject of all three of these verbs is the Midianites, as they are the direct antecedent in the first part of the verse ("וַיַּעַבְרוּ אֲנָשִׁים מִדְיָנִים סֹחֲרִים").&#8206;<fn>Rashbam also argues that "וַיַּעַבְרוּ" implies that the Midianites happened to chance by the pit, and not they were sent to do so as part of the terms of the transaction. This claim requires further examination.</fn></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"וַיִּמְשְׁכוּ, וַיַּעֲלוּ... וַיִּמְכְּרוּ"</b> – According to this approach, the subject of all three of these verbs is the Midianites, as they are the direct antecedent in the first part of the verse ("וַיַּעַבְרוּ אֲנָשִׁים מִדְיָנִים סֹחֲרִים").&#8206;<fn>Rashbam also argues that "וַיַּעַבְרוּ" implies that the Midianites happened to chance by the pit, and not they were sent to do so as part of the terms of the transaction. This claim requires further examination.</fn></point></div></td></tr>
</table>Neimahttps://alhatorah.org/w/index.php?title=Who_Sold_Yosef/2/en&diff=29021&oldid=prev&useskin=vectorHillel at 07:05, 3 January 20162016-01-03T07:05:46Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older version</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Version as of 07:05, 3 January 2016</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l52" >Line 52:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 52:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"וְאָחִיו מֵת"</b> – Rashi suggests that when Yehuda says this to Yosef, he is lying, fearful of telling the vizier of Egypt that his brother had been sold.<fn>Some of the Tosafists (see R"C Paltiel and R. Ephraim) prefer not to have the brothers lie, and suggest instead that since a slave is considered as a dead person, Yehuda was in fact telling the truth.</fn></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"וְאָחִיו מֵת"</b> – Rashi suggests that when Yehuda says this to Yosef, he is lying, fearful of telling the vizier of Egypt that his brother had been sold.<fn>Some of the Tosafists (see R"C Paltiel and R. Ephraim) prefer not to have the brothers lie, and suggest instead that since a slave is considered as a dead person, Yehuda was in fact telling the truth.</fn></point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"אֲנִי יוֹסֵף אֲחִיכֶם אֲשֶׁר מְכַרְתֶּם אֹתִי מִצְרָיְמָה"</b> – At face value, this verse reflects Yosef's belief that his brothers were the party which sold him, and it supports this approach.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"אֲנִי יוֹסֵף אֲחִיכֶם אֲשֶׁר מְכַרְתֶּם אֹתִי מִצְרָיְמָה"</b> – At face value, this verse reflects Yosef's belief that his brothers were the party which sold him, and it supports this approach.</point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Did Yaakov ever find out?</b> <multilink><a href="RambanBereshit45-27" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanBereshit45-27" data-aht="source">Bereshit 45:27</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink>&#160;contends that Yaakov never became aware that the brothers sold Yosef, but rather thought that others had abducted Yosef and sold him.&#160; According to this,&#160;the brothers are not telling the truth in Bereshit 50:16-17 when they claim that Yaakov arranged for a message be delivered to Yosef (after Yaakov's death) requesting that Yosef forgive his brothers (see also Radak and Ralbag there). In contrast, <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> cites <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">an </del>opinion that Yaakov must have been aware of the brothers' role in Yosef's sale, or else the message to Yosef would not have been credible.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Did Yaakov ever find out?</b> <multilink><a href="RambanBereshit45-27" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanBereshit45-27" data-aht="source">Bereshit 45:27</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink>&#160;contends that Yaakov never became aware that the brothers sold Yosef, but rather thought that others had abducted Yosef and sold him.&#160; According to this,&#160;the brothers are not telling the truth in Bereshit 50:16-17 when they claim that Yaakov arranged for a message be delivered to Yosef (after Yaakov's death) requesting that Yosef forgive his brothers (see also Radak and Ralbag there). In contrast, <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> cites <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">the </ins>opinion <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">of R. Mordechai Mortara </ins>that Yaakov must have been aware of the brothers' role in Yosef's sale, or else the message to Yosef would not have been credible.</point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Does Binyamin ever find out?</b> <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit45-4" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit45-4" data-aht="source">Bereshit 45:4</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink>&#160;suggests that Binyamin may have never learned the true story.&#160; He explains that when Yosef revealed himself to the brothers as "Yosef whom you sold to Egypt" Binyamin was not within hearing range.&#160; He points out that immediately beforehand, Yosef said to the brothers, "גְּשׁוּ נָא אֵלַי", asking them alone to come close,<fn>The phrase is otherwise difficult, since Yosef would seem to have no reason to ask the brothers to approach if he had been talking to them already.&#160; Others explain that Yosef did not want the Egyptians to overhear that his brothers had sold him.</fn> so that Binyamin would not overhear.<fn>Since Binyamin was the one of accused of theft, it is very possible that he was in custody and stood somewhat at a distance from the rest of the brothers who spoke to Yosef in his defense.</fn></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Does Binyamin ever find out?</b> <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit45-4" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit45-4" data-aht="source">Bereshit 45:4</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink>&#160;suggests that Binyamin may have never learned the true story.&#160; He explains that when Yosef revealed himself to the brothers as "Yosef whom you sold to Egypt" Binyamin was not within hearing range.&#160; He points out that immediately beforehand, Yosef said to the brothers, "גְּשׁוּ נָא אֵלַי", asking them alone to come close,<fn>The phrase is otherwise difficult, since Yosef would seem to have no reason to ask the brothers to approach if he had been talking to them already.&#160; Others explain that Yosef did not want the Egyptians to overhear that his brothers had sold him.</fn> so that Binyamin would not overhear.<fn>Since Binyamin was the one of accused of theft, it is very possible that he was in custody and stood somewhat at a distance from the rest of the brothers who spoke to Yosef in his defense.</fn></point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></category></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></category></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l93" >Line 93:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 93:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>How many sales?</b> According to this approach, there were only two sales. The Midianites stole Yosef from the pit and sold him to the Yishmaelites who, in turn, sold him to Potiphar.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>How many sales?</b> According to this approach, there were only two sales. The Midianites stole Yosef from the pit and sold him to the Yishmaelites who, in turn, sold him to Potiphar.</point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"אֲנִי יוֹסֵף אֲחִיכֶם אֲשֶׁר מְכַרְתֶּם אֹתִי מִצְרָיְמָה"</b> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">– </del>Rashbam explains that while the brothers did not actually sell Yosef, since their actions resulted in his sale, it is considered as if they sold him.<fn>R. Yehuda HeChasid and Shadal bring a number of additional cases where actions are attributed to someone who was only an indirect cause. [See also R. Bachya who references the verse in Shemuel II 12:9: "וְאֹתוֹ הָרַגְתָּ בְּחֶרֶב בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן" and cf. Ramban above regarding the Yishmaelites and Midianites.] R. Azariah Figo and Malbim explain similarly, and go a step further by attempting to claim that Yehuda's words "וְנִמְכְּרֶנּוּ לַיִּשְׁמְעֵאלִים" also meant that the brothers only cause Yosef's sale, but not actually sell him.</fn> Shadal's cousin adds that it is also possible that Yosef himself mistakenly assumed that the brothers had sold him to the Midianites who had then proceeded to claim their purchase from the well.<fn>This is also the option favored by Shadal himself.&#160; See also <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink>'s interpretation of Yaakov's blessing to Yosef.</fn></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"אֲנִי יוֹסֵף אֲחִיכֶם אֲשֶׁר מְכַרְתֶּם אֹתִי מִצְרָיְמָה" <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">– What did Yosef think?</ins></b> Rashbam explains that while the brothers did not actually sell Yosef, since their actions resulted in his sale, it is considered as if they sold him.<fn>R. Yehuda HeChasid and Shadal bring a number of additional cases where actions are attributed to someone who was only an indirect cause. [See also R. Bachya who references the verse in Shemuel II 12:9: "וְאֹתוֹ הָרַגְתָּ בְּחֶרֶב בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן" and cf. Ramban above regarding the Yishmaelites and Midianites.] R. Azariah Figo and Malbim explain similarly, and go a step further by attempting to claim that Yehuda's words "וְנִמְכְּרֶנּוּ לַיִּשְׁמְעֵאלִים" also meant that the brothers only cause Yosef's sale, but not actually sell him.</fn> Shadal's cousin adds that it is also possible that Yosef himself mistakenly assumed that the brothers had sold him to the Midianites who had then proceeded to claim their purchase from the well.<fn>This is also the option favored by Shadal himself.&#160; See also <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit37-28" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink>'s interpretation of Yaakov's blessing to Yosef.</fn></point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"כִּי גֻנֹּב גֻּנַּבְתִּי מֵאֶרֶץ הָעִבְרִים"</b> – Shadal's cousin reads these words of Yosef as a reference to the Midianites stealing him from the pit. Shadal, though, thinks that Yosef is referring to his brothers stealing him from Yaakov, and that this statement merely reflects Yosef's own erroneous assumption that his brothers had sold him.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>"כִּי גֻנֹּב גֻּנַּבְתִּי מֵאֶרֶץ הָעִבְרִים"</b> – Shadal's cousin reads these words of Yosef as a reference to the Midianites stealing him from the pit. Shadal, though, thinks that Yosef is referring to his brothers stealing him from Yaakov, and that this statement merely reflects Yosef's own erroneous assumption that his brothers had sold him.</point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Why Yosef never sent to Yaakov?</b> R"Y Bekhor Shor notes that Rashbam's approach has the greatest difficulty explaining why Yosef did not send to his father, given the fact that he had not even been sold by his brothers.<fn>Shadal above would answer that Yosef himself mistakenly thought that the brothers had sold him, and was unaware that they were uninvolved.</fn></point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Why Yosef never sent to Yaakov?</b> R"Y Bekhor Shor notes that Rashbam's approach has the greatest difficulty explaining why Yosef did not send to his father, given the fact that he had not even been sold by his brothers.<fn>Shadal above would answer that Yosef himself mistakenly thought that the brothers had sold him, and was unaware that they were uninvolved.</fn></point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Yaakov's Blessings</b> – In contrast to other exegetes,&#160;<multilink><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Rashbam</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:9</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel b. Meir</a></multilink> maintains that none of Yaakov's blessings in Bereshit 49 make reference to the brothers' sale of Yosef.&#160; Thus, Rashbam opts to interpret "וַיְמָרְרֻהוּ וָרֹבּוּ וַיִּשְׂטְמֻהוּ בַּעֲלֵי חִצִּים" as referring to Mrs. Potiphar's attempts to harm Yosef, rather than the brothers.&#160; See also <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> who notes that this position could be consistent with Rashbam's view that the brothers were not the ones who sold Yosef.<fn>Shadal, himself, nonetheless explains the verse to be speaking of the brothers' hatred for Yosef.&#160; For further discussion, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</fn>&#160; For elaboration on Rashbam's reading of the blessing to Yosef, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>Yaakov's Blessings</b> – In contrast to other exegetes,&#160;<multilink><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Rashbam</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-9" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:9</a><a href="RashbamBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel b. Meir</a></multilink> maintains that none of Yaakov's blessings in Bereshit 49 make reference to the brothers' sale of Yosef.&#160; Thus, Rashbam opts to interpret "וַיְמָרְרֻהוּ וָרֹבּוּ וַיִּשְׂטְמֻהוּ בַּעֲלֵי חִצִּים" as referring to Mrs. Potiphar's attempts to harm Yosef, rather than the brothers.&#160; See also <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> who notes that this position could be consistent with Rashbam's view that the brothers were not the ones who sold Yosef.<fn>Shadal, himself, nonetheless explains the verse to be speaking of the brothers' hatred for Yosef.&#160; For further discussion, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</fn>&#160; For elaboration on Rashbam's reading of the blessing to Yosef, see <a href="Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef" data-aht="page">Yaakov's Blessing of Yosef</a>.</point></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>What did Yaakov think?</b> <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">asserts </del>that</point></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> <point><b>What did Yaakov think?</b> <multilink><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalBereshit49-23" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:23</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink> <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">suggests </ins>that<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, according to Rashbam, it is possible that Yaakov never knew even of the brothers' hatred of Yosef, but rather assumed (correctly) that Yosef had been abducted and sold by a different party.&#160; Shadal himself, though, in the later printed editions of his commentary,<fn>In this later version, Shadal writes: "כי הנה יוסף האמין שהם מכרוהו, וכן האמין יעקב, כי בודאי בניו לא הגידו לו שהשליכוהו לבור כדי שימות שם".&#160; However, in the manuscripts (1833 NLI MS, Pardo brothers MS, and others) which reflect the earlier drafts of Shadal's commentary, this theory does not appear (and he more simply suggests instead that: "כי אע"פ שלא מכרוהו הנה שנאוהו והיו סבת המכרו").</fn> contends that Yaakov assumed (incorrectly) that the brothers had been directly responsible.<fn>According to Shadal, the brothers could hardly tell their father the truth that they had not sold Yosef, but rather left him in a pit to die.&#160; See above for the argument of R. Mordechai Mortara (Shadal's student) that had Yaakov not thought that the brothers were responsible, the posthumous message the brothers arranged to have delivered to Yosef in 50:16-17 would not have been credible.</fn></ins></point></div></td></tr>
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</table>Hillel