Difference between revisions of "Yehuda's Blessing – Eternal Kingship/1/he"
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| − | < | + | <p style="text-align:center"><a class="wordright" href="/Media/1Bereshit/49/Yehuda's Blessing – Eternal Kingship/Hebrew Study Guide.doc">לימוד מודרך:</a> <a class="pdf" href="/Media/1Bereshit/49/Yehuda's Blessing – Eternal Kingship/Hebrew Study Guide.pdf">PDF</a></p> |
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| − | </page> | + | |
| + | <h2>Yaakov's Farewell Address</h2> | ||
| + | <p>Before his death, Yaakov gathered his twelve sons and described to them "what will happen to them at the end of days" ("אֵת אֲשֶׁר יִקְרָא אֶתְכֶם בְּאַחֲרִית הַיָּמִים"). To what time period does this enigmatic phrase refer? Does it refer to the end of the lives of Yaakov's sons themselves, to their descendants in the period when the Israelite nation was still composed of tribes, or to Messianic times? Is Yaakov's last speech a collection of blessings or prophecies? Do his words refer to specific events and eras? The answers to these questions have implications for understanding Yaakov's words to each and every one of his sons, but they have particular importance for interpreting the contents of his address to Yehuda.</p> | ||
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| + | <h2>Yehuda's Blessing</h2> | ||
| + | <p>The crowning point of Yaakov's words to Yehuda is in <a href="Bereshit49-8" data-aht="source">Bereshit 49:10</a>:</p> | ||
| + | <multilang style="overflow:auto"> | ||
| + | <q xml:lang="he" dir="rtl">לֹא יָסוּר שֵׁבֶט מִיהוּדָה וּמְחֹקֵק מִבֵּין רַגְלָיו עַד כִּי יָבֹא שִׁילֹה וְלוֹ יִקְּהַת עַמִּים.</q> | ||
| + | <q xml:lang="en">The scepter will not depart from Yehuda, nor the lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh comes, and to him will be the gathering of the peoples. [Note: this translation is only one of many options.]</q> | ||
| + | </multilang> | ||
| + | <p>While both the contents and context of this verse seem to indicate that Yehuda is being assigned a position of leadership, the verse defies attempts at translation, as multiple different interpretations have been suggested for almost every word in the sentence. Some of the obvious questions are:</p> | ||
| + | <ul> | ||
| + | <li>What are a "שֵׁבֶט" and a "מְחֹקֵק", and what leadership roles do they symbolize?</li> | ||
| + | <li>Is "שִׁילֹה" a person, object, or place, who or what will be coming ("יָבֹא"), when, and why?</li> | ||
| + | <li>What is the meaning of "יִקְּהַת" and who are the "עַמִּים"?</li> | ||
| + | </ul> | ||
| + | <p>After one adds to the mix the general question of to what era Yaakov is referring, and then tries to harmonize the resulting picture with the vast periods in our history in which we have <b>not</b> had leaders from the tribe of Yehuda, the result is complex indeed.</p> | ||
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| + | <!-- | ||
| + | <h2>Messianic Polemics</h2> | ||
| + | <p>Given Many verses in the later prophets suggest a renewal of the Davidic dynasty at some point in the future.<fn>See, for instance, Yeshayahu 11:1, Amos 9:11 and Yechezkel Chapter 37.</fn> These verses are often in the context of a description of some idyllic period of peace and prosperity, and as such are often taken to refer to the messianic age. When reading our verse with these in mind, it was natural to assume that the various prophecies might be connected and that Yaakov too was discussing the Davidic line in relation to the era of the Mashiach. | ||
| + | The connection to the mashiach, though, opened the door for Christian claims that the verses proved that Jesus was the true Messiah. Understanding that Yaakov was saying that the Davidic line would cease with the coming of the Mashiach, they argue that this came true when Jesus, of Davidic descent, reigned and monarchy ceased. Combating such claims and showing the true intent of Yaakov's words, thus, is an important part of the exegetical dialogue surrounding our verses' interpretation.</p> | ||
| + | --> | ||
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| + | <p>In <a href="2" data-aht="subpage">Approaches</a>, we will examine how commentators throughout history attempted to interpret this verse, define the role(s) of Yehuda that Yaakov was foretelling, and respond to competing Christian claims.</p> | ||
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| + | |||
| + | </page> | ||
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Version as of 09:19, 24 July 2019
ברכת יהודה – מלכות נצחית?
הקדמה
Yaakov's Farewell Address
Before his death, Yaakov gathered his twelve sons and described to them "what will happen to them at the end of days" ("אֵת אֲשֶׁר יִקְרָא אֶתְכֶם בְּאַחֲרִית הַיָּמִים"). To what time period does this enigmatic phrase refer? Does it refer to the end of the lives of Yaakov's sons themselves, to their descendants in the period when the Israelite nation was still composed of tribes, or to Messianic times? Is Yaakov's last speech a collection of blessings or prophecies? Do his words refer to specific events and eras? The answers to these questions have implications for understanding Yaakov's words to each and every one of his sons, but they have particular importance for interpreting the contents of his address to Yehuda.
Yehuda's Blessing
The crowning point of Yaakov's words to Yehuda is in Bereshit 49:10:
לֹא יָסוּר שֵׁבֶט מִיהוּדָה וּמְחֹקֵק מִבֵּין רַגְלָיו עַד כִּי יָבֹא שִׁילֹה וְלוֹ יִקְּהַת עַמִּים.
The scepter will not depart from Yehuda, nor the lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh comes, and to him will be the gathering of the peoples. [Note: this translation is only one of many options.]
While both the contents and context of this verse seem to indicate that Yehuda is being assigned a position of leadership, the verse defies attempts at translation, as multiple different interpretations have been suggested for almost every word in the sentence. Some of the obvious questions are:
- What are a "שֵׁבֶט" and a "מְחֹקֵק", and what leadership roles do they symbolize?
- Is "שִׁילֹה" a person, object, or place, who or what will be coming ("יָבֹא"), when, and why?
- What is the meaning of "יִקְּהַת" and who are the "עַמִּים"?
After one adds to the mix the general question of to what era Yaakov is referring, and then tries to harmonize the resulting picture with the vast periods in our history in which we have not had leaders from the tribe of Yehuda, the result is complex indeed.
In Approaches, we will examine how commentators throughout history attempted to interpret this verse, define the role(s) of Yehuda that Yaakov was foretelling, and respond to competing Christian claims.
