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| | <h1>Yeshayahu: Unclothed and Barefoot</h1> | | <h1>Yeshayahu: Unclothed and Barefoot</h1> |
| | <div><b><center><span class="highlighted-notice">This topic has not yet undergone editorial review</span></center></b></div> | | <div><b><center><span class="highlighted-notice">This topic has not yet undergone editorial review</span></center></b></div> |
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| − | <approaches>
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| − | <category>Not Real: Prophetic Vision
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| − | <p>Yeshayahu's fulfillment of Hashem's command took place in a vision and was not witnessed by the public. As such, the message of the prophecy may not have been meant for the people of Judah. </p>
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| − | <mekorot><multilink><a href="IbnEzraYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 20</a><a href="IbnEzraHosheaFirstCommentary1-1" data-aht="source">Hoshea First Commentary 1:1</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham ibn Ezra</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RambamMorehNevukhim246" data-aht="source">Rambam</a><a href="RambamMorehNevukhim246" data-aht="source">2 46</a><a href="Rambam Moreh Nevukhim" data-aht="parshan">About Rambam Moreh Nevukhim</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RadakYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Radak</a><a href="RadakYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 20</a><a href="RadakHoshea1-2" data-aht="source">Hoshea 1:2</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Kimchi</a></multilink></mekorot>
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| − | <point><b>וּפִתַּחְתָּ הַשַּׂק מֵעַל מׇתְנֶיךָ וְנַעַלְךָ תַחֲלֹץ מֵעַל רַגְלֶךָ</b> – Hashem indeed asked Yeshayahu to untie and remove his sackcloth as well as removing his shoes. עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף therefore literally means unclothed and barefoot. Of course, however, this was only in a dream.</point>
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| − | <point><b>עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף</b> – These commentators assert עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף means completely unclothed and barefoot.</point>
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| − | <point><b>שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים</b></point>
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| − | </category>
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| − | <category>Real
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| − | <opinion>Non-Literal
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| − | <p>While these commentators concur Yeshayahu's action took place in public, they dilute the potency of "עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף" to accord the story with the standards we have for our prophets. </p>
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| − | <mekorot><multilink><a href="BavliYoma77a-b" data-aht="source">R. Nahman bar Yitzhak</a><a href="BavliYoma77a-b" data-aht="source">Yoma 77a-b</a><a href="Talmud Bavli" data-aht="parshan">About the Bavli</a></multilink> in Yoma,  <multilink><a href="RashiYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 20</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="REliezerofBeaugencyYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">R. Eliezer of Beaugency</a><a href="REliezerofBeaugencyYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 20</a><a href="R. Eliezer of Beaugency" data-aht="parshan">About R. Eliezer of Beaugency</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RYosefibnKaspiYeshayahu20-2" data-aht="source">R. Yosef ibn Kaspi</a><a href="RYosefibnKaspiYeshayahu20-2" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 20:2</a><a href="R. Yosef ibn Kaspi" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yosef ibn Kaspi</a></multilink></mekorot>
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| − | <point><b>וּפִתַּחְתָּ הַשַּׂק מֵעַל מׇתְנֶיךָ וְנַעַלְךָ תַחֲלֹץ מֵעַל רַגְלֶךָ</b> – <multilink><a href="RashiYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 20</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki</a></multilink> and Targum Pseudo-Yonatan understand וּפִתַּחְתָּ to mean the putting on of the sackcloth<fn><multilink><a href="RashiYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Rashi</a> <a href="RashiYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 20</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki</a></multilink>is motivated by the definite article qualifying שַּׂק in verse 2. How can Hashem command Yeshayahu to take off a this significant garment without having told him to put it on? Therefore, it makes more sense to say וּפִתַּחְתָּ means "to put on." Nonetheless, yeshayahu's shoes were still completely removed.</fn>.<br/>Most other commentators understand וּפִתַּחְתָּ to mean the removal of the sackcloth. </point>
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| − | <point><b>עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף</b> – Most commentators, following <multilink><a href="BavliYoma77a-b" data-aht="source">Yoma 77</a><a href="BavliYoma77a-b" data-aht="source">Yoma 77a-b</a><a href="Talmud Bavli" data-aht="parshan">About the Bavli</a></multilink> assert Yeshayahu wore noticeably ripped clothing.<br/>According to <multilink><a href="REliezerofBeaugencyYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">R. Eliezer of Beaugency</a><a href="REliezerofBeaugencyYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 20</a><a href="R. Eliezer of Beaugency" data-aht="parshan">About R. Eliezer of Beaugency</a></multilink> and <multilink><a href="RYosefibnKaspiYeshayahu20-2" data-aht="source">R. Yosef Ibn Kaspi</a><a href="RYosefibnKaspiYeshayahu20-2" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 20:2</a><a href="R. Yosef ibn Kaspi" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yosef ibn Kaspi</a></multilink>, Yeshayahu indeed removed clothing but covered enough to avoid being completely naked. </point>
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| − | <point><b>שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים</b></point>
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| − | </opinion>
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| − | <opinion>Literal
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| − | <p>Yeshayahu carried out Hashem's command in public and exactly how the verses make it. This effectively transmitted the prophecy's message to the people of Judah.</p>
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| − | <mekorot><multilink><a href="RambanDevarim13-2" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanDevarim13-2" data-aht="source">Devarim 13:2</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink><fn>While <multilink><a href="RambanDevarim13-2" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanDevarim13-2" data-aht="source">Devarim 13:2</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Moshe b. Nachman</a></multilink> does not explcitly mention Yeshayahu's action as having taken place in public, his allusion to the event in Devarim 13:2 likely confirms his alignment with this approach. In discussing the difference between an אוֹת and a מוֹפֵת, Ramban writes a מוֹפֵת is a prophetic sign that is complete deviation from nature or abnormal. A paradigm of such an action is Yeshayahu's of our chapter. Such an action qualifies as a מוֹפֵת because "it is a bewilderment that a prophet should walk like this" ("this" referring to עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף).</fn>, <multilink><a href="AbarbanelYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Abarbanel</a><a href="AbarbanelYeshayahu20" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 20</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="MalbimYeshayahuBeurHaInyan20" data-aht="source">Malbim</a><a href="MalbimYeshayahuBeurHaInyan20" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu Beur HaInyan 20</a><a href="R. Meir Leibush Weiser (Malbim)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Meir Leibush Weiser</a></multilink></mekorot>
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| − | <point><b>וּפִתַּחְתָּ הַשַּׂק מֵעַל מׇתְנֶיךָ וְנַעַלְךָ תַחֲלֹץ מֵעַל רַגְלֶךָ</b> – Hashem indeed asked Yeshayahu to untie and remove his sackcloth as well as removing his shoes. עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף therefore literally means unclothed and barefoot.</point>
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| − | <point><b>עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף</b> – These commentators assert עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף means completely unclothed and barefoot.</point>
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| − | <point><b>שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים</b></point>
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| − | </opinion>
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| − | </approaches>
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