Difference between revisions of "Commentators:R. Meir Leibush Weiser (Malbim)/0"

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<li><b>Family</b> –&#160;Malbim’s father died when he was six years old, and his mother remarried to R. Yehudah Leib of Volochysk. Malbim married at the age of 14, and fathered a son and daughter, but divorced soon after. In 1838, he married the daughter of R. Hayyim Auerbach of Leczyca. His son, Aharon, tragically died in 1862.</li>
 
<li><b>Family</b> –&#160;Malbim’s father died when he was six years old, and his mother remarried to R. Yehudah Leib of Volochysk. Malbim married at the age of 14, and fathered a son and daughter, but divorced soon after. In 1838, he married the daughter of R. Hayyim Auerbach of Leczyca. His son, Aharon, tragically died in 1862.</li>
 
<li><b>Teachers</b> –&#160;R. Yehudah Leib of Volochysk, R. Moshe Halevi Horowitz,<fn>Head of the Volochysk rabbinical court.</fn> R. Aryeh Leib Tzintz, R. Tzvi Hirsch Eichenstein of Zhydachiv.<fn>A prominent Hassidic rebbe, with whom Malbim studied Kabbalah.</fn></li>
 
<li><b>Teachers</b> –&#160;R. Yehudah Leib of Volochysk, R. Moshe Halevi Horowitz,<fn>Head of the Volochysk rabbinical court.</fn> R. Aryeh Leib Tzintz, R. Tzvi Hirsch Eichenstein of Zhydachiv.<fn>A prominent Hassidic rebbe, with whom Malbim studied Kabbalah.</fn></li>
<li><b>Contemporaries</b> –&#160;Malbim’s life and career (mostly in Eastern Europe) largely overlapped with those of R. Samson Raphael Hirsch in Germany, and R. Shemuel David Luzzatto in Italy. Other contemporaries include Chatam Sofer,<fn>From whom Malbim received an approbation for his work Artzot HaChayyim.</fn> and R. Shelomo Zalman Tiktin of Breslau.<fn>Who recommended Malbim to head the rabbinic court of Wreschen.</fn></li>
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<li><b>Contemporaries</b> –&#160;Malbim’s life and career (mostly in Eastern Europe) largely overlapped with those of R. Samson Raphael Hirsch in Germany, and&#160;<a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">Shadal</a> in Italy. Other contemporaries include Chatam Sofer,<fn>From whom Malbim received an approbation for his work Artzot HaChayyim.</fn> and R. Shelomo Zalman Tiktin of Breslau.<fn>Who recommended Malbim to head the rabbinic court of Wreschen.</fn></li>
 
<li><b>Students</b> –&#160;</li>
 
<li><b>Students</b> –&#160;</li>
<li><b>Notable events</b></li>
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<li><b>Time period – </b>Malbim’s rabbinic career spanned a period when Reform and Haskalah, after having become dominant in Western Europe, began making serious inroads into Eastern Europe. Malbim was living in Breslau in 1838 when the community split into Reform and Orthodox factions, with Abraham Geiger leading the reformers.<fn>See Schaechter, Malbim: 8.</fn><b><br/></b></li>
 
<li></li>
 
<li></li>
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
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<subcategory>Works
 
<subcategory>Works
 
<ul>
 
<ul>
<li><b>Biblical commentaries</b> –&#160;</li>
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<li><b>Biblical commentaries</b> –&#160;Malbim authored commentaries on the entire Bible except for Eikhah and Kohelet.<fn>His commentary to Nevi’im and Ketuvim is published in some standard Mikraot Gedolot editions, while his commentary to Torah has been published in a new edition by ש.ל. מולו"ת ומסחר בספרים, Bnei Brak. His Torah commentary is named HaTorah VehaMitzvah, and takes on very different styles depending on whether the section is legal or narrative. In the legal sections, Malbim attempts to explain and defend Rabbinic exegesis (usually taking the form of a running commentary to the Midrash Halakhah) as being founded in the plain sense of the text, while in the narrative portions he has commentaries that are more independent and that are introduced by a series of questions. In Nevi’im and Ketuvim, Malbim gave each of his commentaries names based on the particular book that is the focus of the commentary (while he named them collectively Mikra'ei Kodesh). These commentaries sometimes are divided into questions and explanations, and sometimes into brief word explanations and broader comments. Malbim’s introduction to his commentary on Vayikra sets out his anti-Reform agenda.</fn></li>
 
<li><b>Rabbinics</b> –&#160;
 
<li><b>Rabbinics</b> –&#160;
 
<ul>
 
<ul>

Version as of 23:36, 26 July 2015

R. Meir Leibush Weiser (Malbim)

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Malbim
Malbim
Name
R. Meir Leibush b. Yechiel Michel Weiser, Malbim
ר' מאיר ליבוש בן יחיאל מיכל וייזר, מלבי"ם
Dates1809-1879
LocationRussia / Romania
WorksCommentary on most of Tanakh, Yair Or, Eretz Chemdah, Artzot HaShalom, Artzot HaChayyim
Exegetical Characteristics
Influenced by
Impacted on

Background1

Life

  • Name – 
    • Hebrew name – רבי מאיר לייבוש בן יחיאל מיכל וייזר, known by the acronym מלבי"ם
    • _ name – 
  • Dates – 1809-1879
  • Location – Malbim was born in Volochysk, Volhynia, and lived in Wreschen (Posen), Breslau, Kempen, Bucharest, Paris, Lencziza (Russian Poland), Kherson, Moghilef, and Konigsberg. He also traveled widely throughout Europe.
  • Occupation – Malbim served in rabbinic positions in many locations throughout Europe.2 During his nineteen year tenure in Kempen,3 Malbim learned German and began studying the sciences, logic, philosophy (with a special interest in Kant), history, and geography.4 While serving in Bucharest, Malbim’s efforts to set halakhic standards and encourage his congregants to become more observant, and his fervent opposition to Reform Judaism, raised the ire of wealthy community leaders. These leaders made false accusations leading to Malbim’s imprisonment and then expulsion from Romania. Similar incidents occurred in other locations where Malbim served as rabbi, as Malbim continued to stand on principle, defend Orthodoxy, and oppose Reform through his communal leadership and literary activity.
  • Family – Malbim’s father died when he was six years old, and his mother remarried to R. Yehudah Leib of Volochysk. Malbim married at the age of 14, and fathered a son and daughter, but divorced soon after. In 1838, he married the daughter of R. Hayyim Auerbach of Leczyca. His son, Aharon, tragically died in 1862.
  • Teachers – R. Yehudah Leib of Volochysk, R. Moshe Halevi Horowitz,5 R. Aryeh Leib Tzintz, R. Tzvi Hirsch Eichenstein of Zhydachiv.6
  • Contemporaries – Malbim’s life and career (mostly in Eastern Europe) largely overlapped with those of R. Samson Raphael Hirsch in Germany, and Shadal in Italy. Other contemporaries include Chatam Sofer,7 and R. Shelomo Zalman Tiktin of Breslau.8
  • Students – 
  • Time period – Malbim’s rabbinic career spanned a period when Reform and Haskalah, after having become dominant in Western Europe, began making serious inroads into Eastern Europe. Malbim was living in Breslau in 1838 when the community split into Reform and Orthodox factions, with Abraham Geiger leading the reformers.9

Works

  • Biblical commentaries – Malbim authored commentaries on the entire Bible except for Eikhah and Kohelet.10
  • Rabbinics – 
    • Talmudic novellae – 
    • Halakhic codes – 
    • Responses to the works of others – 
    • Responsa – 
  • Jewish thought – 
  • Commonly misattributed to – 

Torah Commentary

Characteristics

  • Verse by verse / Topical – 
  • Genre – 
  • Structure – 
  • Language – 

Methods

  • – 

Themes

  • – 

Textual Issues

  • Manuscripts – 
  • Printings – 
  • Textual layers – 

Sources

Significant Influences

  • Earlier Sources – 
  • Teachers – 
  • Foils – 

Occasional Usage

Possible Relationship

Impact

Later exegetes

Supercommentaries