Difference between revisions of "Manifold Punishment/2"
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<opinion>Natural Order | <opinion>Natural Order | ||
<p>Since this world is run via natural order, it is possible that the nation might receive more than its proper share of retribution.</p> | <p>Since this world is run via natural order, it is possible that the nation might receive more than its proper share of retribution.</p> | ||
| − | <mekorot> | + | <mekorot> <multilink><a href="KeliYekarVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Keli Yekar</a><a href="KeliYekarVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Vayikra 26:18</a><a href="R. Shelomo Ephraim Luntschitz (Keli Yekar)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Ephraim Luntschitz</a></multilink>,<multilink><a href="ShadalYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source"> ר׳ שלמה מאריגי</a><a href="ShadalYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">cited by Shadal Yeshayahu 40:2</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink>,</mekorot> |
<point><b>Divine providence vs. natural order</b></point> | <point><b>Divine providence vs. natural order</b></point> | ||
<point><b>Punishment in this world or the next</b></point> | <point><b>Punishment in this world or the next</b></point> | ||
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<opinion>Vicarious Punishment of Children | <opinion>Vicarious Punishment of Children | ||
<p>Hashem's system of justice allows for the vicarious (or collective) punishment of children for their parent's sins, resulting in undue suffering of the descendant.</p> | <p>Hashem's system of justice allows for the vicarious (or collective) punishment of children for their parent's sins, resulting in undue suffering of the descendant.</p> | ||
| + | <mekorot>Rashi, <multilink><a href="RadakYirmeyahu16-18" data-aht="source">R. Yosef Kimchi</a><a href="RadakYirmeyahu16-18" data-aht="source">Yirmeyahu 16:18</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RalbagYehoshua7-1" data-aht="source">Ralbag</a><a href="RalbagYehoshua7-1" data-aht="source">Yehoshua 7:1</a><a href="R. Levi b. Gershom (Ralbag, Gersonides)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Levi b. Gershom</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AbarbanelYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Abarbanel</a><a href="AbarbanelYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 40:2</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel</a></multilink> #3,</mekorot> | ||
</opinion> | </opinion> | ||
</category> | </category> | ||
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Punishment Less Harsh than Appears | Punishment Less Harsh than Appears | ||
<p>The verse's description of the punishment makes it sound worse than it really is.  As such, the nation did not really suffer more than deserved.</p> | <p>The verse's description of the punishment makes it sound worse than it really is.  As such, the nation did not really suffer more than deserved.</p> | ||
| − | <mekorot> | + | <mekorot>פerhaps <multilink><a href="RashbamVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Rashbam</a><a href="RashbamVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Vayikra 26:18</a><a href="R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel b. Meir</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="IbnEzraVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Vayikra 26:18</a><a href="IbnEzraYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 40:2</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About R. Avraham ibn Ezra</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="REliezerofBeaugencyYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">R. Eliezer of Beaugency</a><a href="REliezerofBeaugencyYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 40:2</a><a href="R. Eliezer of Beaugency" data-aht="parshan">About R. Eliezer of Beaugency</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AkeidatYitzchakTorah88" data-aht="source">Akeidat Yitzchak</a><a href="AkeidatYitzchakTorah37" data-aht="source">Torah 37</a><a href="AkeidatYitzchakTorah70" data-aht="source">Torah 70</a><a href="AkeidatYitzchakTorah88" data-aht="source">Torah 88</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Arama (Akeidat Yitzchak)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Arama</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AbarbanelYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Abarbanel</a><a href="AbarbanelYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 40:2</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ShadalYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="ShadalYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 40:2</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="MalbimYeshayahuBeurHaInyan40-2" data-aht="source">Malbim</a><a href="MalbimYeshayahuBeurHaInyan40-2" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu Beur HaInyan 40:2</a><a href="R. Meir Leibush Weiser (Malbim)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Meir Leibush Weiser</a></multilink></mekorot> |
</category> | </category> | ||
<category name="Sin More Egregious"> | <category name="Sin More Egregious"> | ||
Sin More Egregious than Appears | Sin More Egregious than Appears | ||
<p>The sin for which the nation is punished is actually more severe than the verse makes it appear.  As such, the harsh punishment described is justified.</p> | <p>The sin for which the nation is punished is actually more severe than the verse makes it appear.  As such, the harsh punishment described is justified.</p> | ||
| − | <mekorot><multilink><a href="SifraVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Sifra Vayikra</a><a href="SifraVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">26:18</a><a href="Sifra Vayikra" data-aht="parshan">About the Sifra Vayikra</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="EikhahRabbahIntroduction" data-aht="source">Eikhah Rabbah</a><a href="EikhahRabbahIntroduction" data-aht="source">Introduction</a><a href="Eikhah Rabbah" data-aht="parshan">About Eikhah Rabbah</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashiVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Vayikra 26:18</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RYosefBekhorShorVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Vayikra 26:18</a><a href="R. Yosef Bekhor Shor" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RadakYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Radak</a><a href="RadakYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 40:2</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Kimchi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="PaneachRazaVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Paneach Raza</a><a href="PaneachRazaVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Vayikra 26:18</a><a href="R. Yitzchak b. Yehuda" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak b. Yehuda</a></multilink>, </mekorot> | + | <mekorot><multilink><a href="SifraVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Sifra Vayikra</a><a href="SifraVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">26:18</a><a href="Sifra Vayikra" data-aht="parshan">About the Sifra Vayikra</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="EikhahRabbahIntroduction" data-aht="source">Eikhah Rabbah</a><a href="EikhahRabbahIntroduction" data-aht="source">Introduction</a><a href="Eikhah Rabbah" data-aht="parshan">About Eikhah Rabbah</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashiVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Vayikra 26:18</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RYosefBekhorShorVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Vayikra 26:18</a><a href="R. Yosef Bekhor Shor" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RadakYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Radak</a><a href="RadakYeshayahu40-2" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 40:2</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Kimchi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="PaneachRazaVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Paneach Raza</a><a href="PaneachRazaVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Vayikra 26:18</a><a href="R. Yitzchak b. Yehuda" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yitzchak b. Yehuda</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="OrHaChayyimVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Or HaChayyim</a><a href="OrHaChayyimVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Vayikra 26:18</a><a href="R. Chayyim b. Atar (Or HaChayyim)" data-aht="parshan">About R. Chayyim b. Atar</a></multilink></mekorot> |
| + | <point><b>"וְיָסַפְתִּי לְיַסְּרָה אֶתְכֶם שֶׁבַע עַל חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם"</b> – Most of these sources claim that the seven-fold punishment is measure for measure punishment for the nation's seven-fold transgression.  As the people committed seven distinct sins,<fn>See the lists brought by <multilink><a href="RYosefBekhorShorVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a><a href="RYosefBekhorShorVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Vayikra 26:18</a><a href="R. Yosef Bekhor Shor" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a></multilink> and <a href="OrHaChayyimVayikra26-18" data-aht="source">Or HaChayyim</a>.  Each points to the immediately preceding verses in Vayikra, which speak of various iniquities committed by the nations.</fn> it is just that they should receive seven punishments.</point> | ||
</category> | </category> | ||
</approaches> | </approaches> | ||
</page> | </page> | ||
</aht-xml> | </aht-xml> | ||
Version as of 02:08, 4 June 2018
Manifold Punishment
Exegetical Approaches
Punished More than Deserved
Sometimes, people are punished more severely than their sins call for. This position subdivides in how it explains why this is justified:
Natural Order
Since this world is run via natural order, it is possible that the nation might receive more than its proper share of retribution.
Divine providence vs. natural order
Punishment in this world or the next
Vicarious Punishment of Children
Hashem's system of justice allows for the vicarious (or collective) punishment of children for their parent's sins, resulting in undue suffering of the descendant.
Punishment Less Harsh than Appears
The verse's description of the punishment makes it sound worse than it really is. As such, the nation did not really suffer more than deserved.
Sources:פerhaps Rashbam, Ibn Ezra, R. Eliezer of Beaugency, Akeidat Yitzchak, Abarbanel, Shadal, Malbim
Sin More Egregious than Appears
The sin for which the nation is punished is actually more severe than the verse makes it appear. As such, the harsh punishment described is justified.
Sources:Sifra Vayikra, Eikhah Rabbah, Rashi, R. Yosef Bekhor Shor, Radak, Paneach Raza, Or HaChayyim
"וְיָסַפְתִּי לְיַסְּרָה אֶתְכֶם שֶׁבַע עַל חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם" – Most of these sources claim that the seven-fold punishment is measure for measure punishment for the nation's seven-fold transgression. As the people committed seven distinct sins,1 it is just that they should receive seven punishments.
