Difference between revisions of "Dictionary:דרש/0"
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| − | + | <h1>דרש, לדרש ה', לדרש א-להים</h1> | |
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<div class="header"> | <div class="header"> | ||
| − | + | <infobox class="Lexical"> | |
| − | + | <title>דרש</title> | |
<row> | <row> | ||
<label>Part of Speech<!--Category--></label> | <label>Part of Speech<!--Category--></label> | ||
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<row> | <row> | ||
<label>Possible Meanings</label> | <label>Possible Meanings</label> | ||
| − | <content> | + | <content><ol> |
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<li>Inquire about the future</li> | <li>Inquire about the future</li> | ||
<li>Pray</li> | <li>Pray</li> | ||
<li>Religiously believe in</li> | <li>Religiously believe in</li> | ||
| − | </ol> | + | </ol></content> |
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<content><a href="DIC">_</a></content> | <content><a href="DIC">_</a></content> | ||
</row> | </row> | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
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<category>Possible Meanings | <category>Possible Meanings | ||
| − | + | <p>The root דרש appears in 164 places in Tanakh and is used consistently with the meaning of to seek or ask. In almost one-third of these verses, it is God (ה', א-להים) who is being sought, either directly or through an intermediary.<fn>There are also a number of verses where an idolatrous or necromantic source is sought out as an alternative to God – see Devarim 12:30,18:11, Melakhim I 1:2,3,6,16, Yeshayahu 8:19, Divrei HaYamim I 10:13.</fn> However, God cannot be physically seen or found, and this leads to different understandings of the manner and purpose of "seeking God."</p> | |
| − | + | <p>Biblical verses can be adduced to support a number of possibilities:<fn>R. Saadia in his Commentary on Bereshit 25:22 brings prooftexts for four possible meanings for each of ‏דרישת ה'‏ and ‏בקשת ה'‏ – prophecy, prayer, religious observance, and repentance.</fn></p> | |
| − | + | <subcategory name="Inquire about the future"> | |
| − | + | 1. Inquire about the future or the unknown | |
| − | <subcategory name="Inquire about the future">1. Inquire about the future or the unknown | + | <ul> |
| − | + | <li>Biblical verses – <a href="ShemuelI9-9" data-aht="source">Shemuel I 9:9</a>, <a href="MelakhimI22-7" data-aht="source">Melakhim I 22:7-8</a></li> | |
| − | + | <li>Additional data – <!--etymology, semitic cognates, Rabbinic Hebrew, loan words--></li> | |
| − | + | </ul> | |
| − | |||
</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
| − | + | <subcategory name="Pray"> | |
| − | <subcategory name="Pray">2. Pray | + | 2. Pray |
| − | + | <ul> | |
<li>Biblical verses – <a href="Yeshayahu55-6" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 55:6</a>, <a href="Tehillim34-5" data-aht="source">Tehillim 34:5</a></li> | <li>Biblical verses – <a href="Yeshayahu55-6" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 55:6</a>, <a href="Tehillim34-5" data-aht="source">Tehillim 34:5</a></li> | ||
| − | <li>Additional data – </li> | + | <li>Additional data – </li> |
</ul> | </ul> | ||
</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
| − | + | <subcategory name="Religiously believe in"> | |
| − | <subcategory name="Religiously believe in">3. Religiously believe in (worship of the heart) | + | 3. Religiously believe in (worship of the heart) |
| − | + | <ul> | |
<li>Biblical verses – <a href="DivreiI22-19" data-aht="source">Divrei HaYamim I 22:19</a>, <a href="DivreiI28-9" data-aht="source">28:9</a>, <a href="DivreiII12-14" data-aht="source">Divrei HaYamim II 12:14</a>, <a href="DivreiII15-12" data-aht="source">15:12</a>, <a href="DivreiII19-3" data-aht="source">19:3</a>, <a href="DivreiII31-21" data-aht="source">31:21</a></li> | <li>Biblical verses – <a href="DivreiI22-19" data-aht="source">Divrei HaYamim I 22:19</a>, <a href="DivreiI28-9" data-aht="source">28:9</a>, <a href="DivreiII12-14" data-aht="source">Divrei HaYamim II 12:14</a>, <a href="DivreiII15-12" data-aht="source">15:12</a>, <a href="DivreiII19-3" data-aht="source">19:3</a>, <a href="DivreiII31-21" data-aht="source">31:21</a></li> | ||
| − | <li>Additional data – </li> | + | <li>Additional data – </li> |
</ul> | </ul> | ||
</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
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</category> | </category> | ||
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| − | |||
<category>Disputed Cases | <category>Disputed Cases | ||
<subcategory><a href="Bereshit25-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 25:22</a> – "וַתֵּלֶךְ לִדְרֹשׁ אֶת ה'" | <subcategory><a href="Bereshit25-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 25:22</a> – "וַתֵּלֶךְ לִדְרֹשׁ אֶת ה'" | ||
| − | + | <ul> | |
| − | + | <li>To inquire about the future – R. Saadia in his Targum,<fn>See the note above regarding the four options presented in R. Saadia's Commentary.</fn> Rashi, Rashbam, <multilink><a href="Ran2" data-aht="source">R. Nissim (Ran)</a><a href="Ran2" data-aht="source">Derashot HaRan 2</a><a href="R. Nissim Gerondi (Ran)" data-aht="parshan">About the Ran</a></multilink>.</li> | |
| − | + | <li>To pray – Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan), Seikhel Tov, <multilink><a href="RambanBereshit25-22" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanBereshit25-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 25:22</a><a href="Ramban18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About Ramban</a></multilink>.</li> | |
| − | + | <li>To request guidance – Targum Onkelos.</li> | |
| − | + | <li>To sacrifice – Lekach Tov.</li> | |
| − | + | </ul> | |
</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
| − | + | <subcategory><a href="Shemot18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15</a> – "כִּי יָבֹא אֵלַי הָעָם לִדְרֹשׁ אֱ-לֹהִים" – see <a href="Moshe's Duties and Yitro's Advice" data-aht="page">Moshe's Manifold Responsibilities</a> | |
| − | <subcategory><a href="Shemot18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15</a> – "כִּי יָבֹא אֵלַי הָעָם לִדְרֹשׁ | + | <ul> |
| − | + | <li>To seek Torah guidance – Targum Onkelos, Rashi, <multilink><a href="IbnEzra18-15" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzra18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About Ibn Ezra</a></multilink>.</li> | |
| − | + | <li>To learn how to worship Hashem – <multilink><a href="Saadia18-15" data-aht="source">R. Saadia</a><a href="Saadia18-15" data-aht="source">Commentary Shemot 18:15-16</a><a href="R. Saadia Gaon" data-aht="parshan">About R. Saadia</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Haketav18-15" data-aht="source">Haketav VeHaKabbalah</a><a href="Haketav18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15</a><a href="R. Yaakov Mecklenburg (HaKetav VeHaKabbalah)" data-aht="parshan">About Haketav VeHaKabbalah</a></multilink>.</li> | |
| − | + | <li>To request prayer on their behalf – <multilink><a href="Ramban18-15" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="Ramban18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About Ramban</a></multilink>.<fn>As the people are coming to Moshe to seek God, Ramban is forced to explain that they are requesting Moshe to pray for them and not praying themselves. <multilink><a href="Cassuto18-15" data-aht="source">U. Cassuto</a><a href="Cassuto18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15-16</a><a href="Prof. Umberto Cassuto" data-aht="parshan">About Prof. U. Cassuto</a></multilink> disagrees with Ramban's interpretation and suggests that this is only Yitro's erroneous understanding based on his idolatrous notions of people bringing their petions to the priest for him to pray for them. This dispute may be rooted in a fundamental disagreement between the rationalist and mystical traditions in understanding how prayer functions and the role of an intermediary in prayer – see <a href="Philosophy:Prayer" data-aht="page">Prayer</a>. Compare also Ramban's approach with that of R. Saadia.</fn></li> | |
| − | + | <li>To inquire about the future – <multilink><a href="Ralbag18-15" data-aht="source">Ralbag</a><a href="Ralbag18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15-16</a><a href="R. Levi b. Gershom (Ralbag, Gersonides)" data-aht="parshan">About Ralbag</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Abarbanel18" data-aht="source">Abarbanel</a><a href="Abarbanel18" data-aht="source">Shemot 18</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About Abarbanel</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RDZHoffmann18-15" data-aht="source">R. D"Z Hoffmann</a><a href="RDZHoffmann18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15-16</a><a href="R. David Zvi Hoffmann" data-aht="parshan">About R. D"Z Hoffmann</a></multilink>.</li> | |
| − | + | <li>To inquire about the nation's encampment – <multilink><a href="Sforno18-15" data-aht="source">Sforno</a><a href="Sforno18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15-16</a><a href="R. Ovadyah Sforno" data-aht="parshan">About Sforno</a></multilink>.</li> | |
| − | + | <li>To pay their respects to Moshe – <multilink><a href="Akeidat43" data-aht="source">Akeidat Yitzchak</a><a href="Akeidat43" data-aht="source">Shemot #43</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Arama (Akeidat Yitzchak)" data-aht="parshan">About Akeidat Yitzchak</a></multilink>.</li> | |
| − | + | <li>To request judgment: | |
| − | + | <ul> | |
| − | + | <li>אֱ-לֹהִים refers to God – <multilink><a href="Shadal18-15" data-aht="source">Shadal</a><a href="Shadal18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15</a><a href="R. Shemuel David Luzzatto (Shadal)" data-aht="parshan">About Shadal</a></multilink>.</li> | |
| − | + | <li>אֱ-לֹהִים refers to Moshe – LXX, <multilink><a href="RYBS18-15" data-aht="source">R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a><a href="RYBS18-15" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:15</a><a href="R. Yosef Bekhor Shor" data-aht="parshan">About R. Yosef Bekhor Shor</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Tzeror18-15" data-aht="source">Tzeror HaMor</a><a href="R. Avraham Saba (Tzeror HaMor)" data-aht="parshan">About Tzeror HaMor</a></multilink>.</li> | |
| − | + | </ul> | |
| − | + | </li> | |
| − | + | </ul> | |
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</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
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</category> | </category> | ||
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<category>Idioms | <category>Idioms | ||
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<category>Relationship to Synonyms | <category>Relationship to Synonyms | ||
| − | <subcategory> | + | <subcategory><p></p><ul> |
| − | + | <li> –</li> | |
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</ul> | </ul> | ||
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</category> | </category> | ||
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<category>Semantic Evolution | <category>Semantic Evolution | ||
<subcategory>Intra-Biblical | <subcategory>Intra-Biblical | ||
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</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
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<subcategory>Rabbinic Hebrew | <subcategory>Rabbinic Hebrew | ||
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</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
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<subcategory>Modern Hebrew | <subcategory>Modern Hebrew | ||
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</subcategory> | </subcategory> | ||
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</category> | </category> | ||
| − | + | </page> | |
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</aht-xml> | </aht-xml> | ||
Latest revision as of 11:49, 28 January 2023
דרש, לדרש ה', לדרש א-להים
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| Part of Speech | Verb |
|---|---|
| Occurrences | 164 |
| Possible Meanings |
|
| Related Words | _ |
Possible Meanings
The root דרש appears in 164 places in Tanakh and is used consistently with the meaning of to seek or ask. In almost one-third of these verses, it is God (ה', א-להים) who is being sought, either directly or through an intermediary.1 However, God cannot be physically seen or found, and this leads to different understandings of the manner and purpose of "seeking God."
Biblical verses can be adduced to support a number of possibilities:2
1. Inquire about the future or the unknown
- Biblical verses – Shemuel I 9:9, Melakhim I 22:7-8
- Additional data –
2. Pray
- Biblical verses – Yeshayahu 55:6, Tehillim 34:5
- Additional data –
3. Religiously believe in (worship of the heart)
- Biblical verses – Divrei HaYamim I 22:19, 28:9, Divrei HaYamim II 12:14, 15:12, 19:3, 31:21
- Additional data –
Disputed Cases
Bereshit 25:22 – "וַתֵּלֶךְ לִדְרֹשׁ אֶת ה'"
- To inquire about the future – R. Saadia in his Targum,3 Rashi, Rashbam, R. Nissim (Ran).
- To pray – Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan), Seikhel Tov, Ramban.
- To request guidance – Targum Onkelos.
- To sacrifice – Lekach Tov.
Shemot 18:15 – "כִּי יָבֹא אֵלַי הָעָם לִדְרֹשׁ אֱ-לֹהִים" – see Moshe's Manifold Responsibilities
- To seek Torah guidance – Targum Onkelos, Rashi, Ibn Ezra.
- To learn how to worship Hashem – R. Saadia, Haketav VeHaKabbalah.
- To request prayer on their behalf – Ramban.4
- To inquire about the future – Ralbag, Abarbanel, R. D"Z Hoffmann.
- To inquire about the nation's encampment – Sforno.
- To pay their respects to Moshe – Akeidat Yitzchak.
- To request judgment:
- אֱ-לֹהִים refers to God – Shadal.
- אֱ-לֹהִים refers to Moshe – LXX, R. Yosef Bekhor Shor, Tzeror HaMor.
Idioms
- –
- –
Relationship to Synonyms
- –
- –
