Difference between revisions of "Dictionary:כֹּהֵן/0"

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(Original Author: Yehuda Novetsky, Rabbi Hillel Novetsky)
 
 
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<page type="Lexical">
 
<page type="Lexical">
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<h1>כֹּהֵן</h1>
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<h1>כֹּהֵן</h1>
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<div class="header">
 
<div class="header">
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<infobox class="Lexical">
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<infobox class="Lexical">
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<title>כֹּהֵן</title>
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<title>כֹּהֵן</title>
 
<row>
 
<row>
 
<label>Part of Speech<!--Category--></label>
 
<label>Part of Speech<!--Category--></label>
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<row>
 
<row>
 
<label>Occurrences</label>
 
<label>Occurrences</label>
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<content></content>
 
 
</row>
 
</row>
 
<row>
 
<row>
 
<label>Possible Meanings</label>
 
<label>Possible Meanings</label>
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<content>
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<content><ol>
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<ol>
 
 
<li>Priest</li>
 
<li>Priest</li>
 
<li>Distinguished individual</li>
 
<li>Distinguished individual</li>
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<li></li>
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<li> –</li>
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</ol>
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</ol></content>
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</content>
 
 
</row>
 
</row>
 
<row>
 
<row>
 
<label>Related Words</label>
 
<label>Related Words</label>
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<content><aht page="Dictionary:כהן">כהן</aht></content>
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<content><a href="Dictionary:כהן" data-aht="page">כהן</a></content>
 
</row>
 
</row>
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</infobox>
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</infobox>
 
</div>
 
</div>
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<subcategory>Additional Notes and Questions:
 
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<ul>
 
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<li>Etymology? to serve, to be established, see Akkadian</li>
 
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<li>Which is the original meaning (did the semantic field expand or become narrower)?  Did it start with a term for a religious functionary (most probably as a noun) and then get expanded to all functionaries?  Or was it originally a more general meaning of serving or distinguishing (perhaps, most likely a verb), whose most common application became the religious priest?</li>
 
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<li>What is the narrow meaning of <transliterate>kohen</transliterate> – one who serves God, one who is selected/distinguished from the people to serve God?</li>
 
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<li>What is the expanded meaning of <transliterate>kohen</transliterate> – one who serves (משרת), a dignitary (שר)?</li>
 
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<li>Exegetical tendencies – Ibn Ezra tries to read almost all of the cases as priest.</li>
 
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</ul>
 
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</subcategory>
 
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<category>Possible Meanings
 
<category>Possible Meanings
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<subcategory name="Priest">1. Priest
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<subcategory name="Priest">
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<ul>
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1. Priest
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<li>Biblical verses – The vast majority of the occurrences of both the noun כֹּהֵן and verb <aht page="Dictionary:כהן">כהן</aht> refer to a priest who works in the service of either Hashem or an idolatrous god.</li>
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<ul>
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<li>Biblical verses – The vast majority of the occurrences of both the noun כֹּהֵן and verb <a href="Dictionary:כהן" data-aht="page">כהן</a> refer to a priest who works in the service of either Hashem or an idolatrous god.</li>
 
<li>Additional data – <!--etymology, semitic cognates, Rabbinic Hebrew, loan words--></li>
 
<li>Additional data – <!--etymology, semitic cognates, Rabbinic Hebrew, loan words--></li>
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
 
</subcategory>
 
</subcategory>
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<subcategory name="Distinguished individual">
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<subcategory name="Distinguished individual">2. Distinguished individual
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2. Distinguished individual
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<ul>
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<ul>
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<li>Biblical verses – In <aht source="ShemuelII8-18">Shemuel II 8:18</aht>,<fn>Cf. the parallel verse in <aht source="DivreiHaYamimI18-17">Divrei HaYamim I 18:17</aht>.</fn> כֹּהֵן does not speak of a priest, but rather of a different type of distinguished individual – see below for options.  See also <aht source="Yeshayahu61-10">Yeshayahu 61:10</aht> where the verb <i>yekhahen</i> does not mean to serve as a priest, but rather to be adorned or clothed (perhaps, like a priest).</li>
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<li>Biblical verses – In <a href="ShemuelII8-18" data-aht="source">Shemuel II 8:18</a>,<fn>Cf. the parallel verse in <a href="DivreiHaYamimI18-17" data-aht="source">Divrei HaYamim I 18:17</a>.</fn> כֹּהֵן does not speak of a priest, but rather of a different type of distinguished individual – see below for options.  See also <a href="Yeshayahu61-10" data-aht="source">Yeshayahu 61:10</a> where the verb <i>yekhahen</i> does not mean to serve as a priest, but rather to be adorned or clothed (perhaps, like a priest).</li>
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<li>Additional data – </li>
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<li>Additional data –&#160;</li>
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</ul>
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</ul><p>Commentators who adopt the position that a kohen does not always mean a priest, must further decide whether in these cases the term signifies a distinguished person or a person who serves:</p><ul>
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<p>Commentators who adopt the position that a kohen does not always mean a priest, must further decide whether in these cases the term signifies a distinguished person or a person who serves:</p>
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<li>An important person – <multilink><a href="RashiBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 47:22</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About Rashi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Abarbanel18-1" data-aht="source">Abarbanel</a><a href="Abarbanel18-1" data-aht="source">Shemot 18</a><a href="R. Yitzchak Abarbanel" data-aht="parshan">About Abarbanel</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="HoilBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Hoil Moshe</a><a href="HoilBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 47:22</a><a href="R. Moshe Yitzchak Ashkenazi (Hoil Moshe)" data-aht="parshan">About Hoil Moshe</a></multilink>.</li>
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<ul>
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<li>A person who serves – <multilink><a href="IbnJanachkhn" data-aht="source">R. Yonah ibn Janach</a><a href="IbnJanachkhn" data-aht="source">Sefer HaShorashim (כהן)</a><a href="R. Yonah ibn Janach" data-aht="parshan">About Ibn Janach</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="IbnEzraBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Bereshit 41:45</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About Ibn Ezra</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Radakkhn" data-aht="source">Radak</a><a href="Radakkhn" data-aht="source">Sefer HaShorashim (כהן)</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About Radak</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RambanBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Bereshit 41:45</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About Ramban</a></multilink>.</li>
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<li>An important person – <multilink><aht source="RashiBereshit47-22">Rashi</aht><aht source="RashiBereshit47-22">Bereshit 47:22</aht><aht parshan="Rashi" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="Abarbanel18-1">Abarbanel</aht><aht source="Abarbanel18-1">Shemot 18</aht><aht parshan="Abarbanel" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="HoilBereshit47-22">Hoil Moshe</aht><aht source="HoilBereshit47-22">Bereshit 47:22</aht><aht parshan="Hoil Moshe" /></multilink>.</li>
 
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<li>A person who serves – <multilink><aht source="IbnJanachkhn">R. Yonah ibn Janach</aht><aht source="IbnJanachkhn">Sefer HaShorashim (כהן)</aht><aht parshan="R. Yonah ibn Janach">About Ibn Janach</aht></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="IbnEzraBereshit41-45">Ibn Ezra</aht><aht source="IbnEzraBereshit41-45">Bereshit 41:45</aht><aht parshan="R. Avraham ibn Ezra">About Ibn Ezra</aht></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="Radakkhn">Radak</aht><aht source="Radakkhn">Sefer HaShorashim (כהן)</aht><aht parshan="Radak">About Ibn Janach</aht></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="RambanBereshit41-45">Ramban</aht><aht source="RambanBereshit41-45">Bereshit 41:45</aht><aht parshan="Ramban" /></multilink>.</li>
 
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
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</subcategory>
 
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<!--
 
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<subcategory name="">3.
 
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<ul>
 
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<li>Biblical verses – </li>
 
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<li>Additional data – </li>
 
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</ul>
 
 
</subcategory>
 
</subcategory>
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-->
 
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</category>
 
</category>
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<category>Disputed Cases
 
<category>Disputed Cases
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<p>There are a number of cases where commentators disagree as to whether the term <transliterate>kohen</transliterate> is a religious or secular title (in many of these the <transliterate>kohen</transliterate> is in the service of a king):</p>
+
<p>There are a number of cases where commentators disagree as to whether the term <i>kohen</i> is a religious or secular title (in many of these the <i>kohen</i> is in the service of a king):</p>
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<subcategory><aht source="Bereshit41-45">Bereshit 41:45</aht>
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<subcategory><a href="Bereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Bereshit 41:45</a>
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<ul>
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<ul>
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<li>A priest for the Egyptian god – <multilink><aht source="IbnEzraBereshit41-45">Ibn Ezra</aht><aht source="IbnEzraBereshit41-45">Bereshit 41:45</aht><aht parshan="R. Avraham ibn Ezra">About Ibn Ezra</aht></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="RambanBereshit41-45">Ramban</aht><aht source="RambanBereshit41-45">Bereshit 41:45</aht><aht parshan="Ramban" /></multilink>'s understanding of the Midrash.</li>
+
<li>A priest for the Egyptian god – <multilink><a href="IbnEzraBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Bereshit 41:45</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About Ibn Ezra</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RambanBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Bereshit 41:45</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About Ramban</a></multilink>'s understanding of the Midrash.</li>
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<li>A ruler – <multilink><aht source="OnkelosBereshit41-45">Onkelos</aht><aht source="OnkelosBereshit41-45">Bereshit 41:45</aht><aht parshan="Onkelos" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="PsJBereshit41-45">Targum Pseudo-Jonathan</aht><aht source="PsJBereshit41-45">Bereshit 41:45</aht><aht parshan="Targum Pseudo-Jonathan" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="RashiBereshit47-22">Rashi</aht><aht source="RashiBereshit47-22">Bereshit 47:22</aht><aht parshan="Rashi" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="RashbamBereshit41-45">Rashbam</aht><aht source="RashbamBereshit41-45">Bereshit 41:45</aht><aht parshan="Rashbam" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="RambanBereshit41-45">Ramban</aht><aht source="RambanBereshit41-45">Bereshit 41:45</aht><aht parshan="Ramban" /></multilink>.</li>
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<li>A ruler – <multilink><a href="OnkelosBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Targum Onkelos</a><a href="OnkelosBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Bereshit 41:45</a><a href="Targum Onkelos" data-aht="parshan">About Targum Onkelos</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="PsJBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan)</a><a href="PsJBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Bereshit 41:45</a><a href="Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan)" data-aht="parshan">About Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan)</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashiBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 47:22</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About Rashi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashbamBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Rashbam</a><a href="RashbamBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Bereshit 41:45</a><a href="R. Shemuel b. Meir (Rashbam)" data-aht="parshan">About Rashbam</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RambanBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Ramban</a><a href="RambanBereshit41-45" data-aht="source">Bereshit 41:45</a><a href="R. Moshe b. Nachman (Ramban, Nachmanides)" data-aht="parshan">About Ramban</a></multilink>.</li>
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</ul>
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</ul>
 
</subcategory>
 
</subcategory>
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<subcategory><a href="Bereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 47:22</a>
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<subcategory><aht source="Bereshit47-22">Bereshit 47:22</aht>
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<ul>
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<ul>
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<li>Egyptian priests – <multilink><a href="OnkelosBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Targum Onkelos</a><a href="OnkelosBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 47:22</a><a href="Targum Onkelos" data-aht="parshan">About Targum Onkelos</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="PsJBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan)</a><a href="PsJBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 47:22</a><a href="Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan)" data-aht="parshan">About Targum Yerushalmi (Yonatan)</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashiBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 47:22</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About Rashi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="IbnEzraBereshit47-26" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraBereshit47-26" data-aht="source">Bereshit 47:26</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About Ibn Ezra</a></multilink>.</li>
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<li>Egyptian priests – <multilink><aht source="OnkelosBereshit47-22">Onkelos</aht><aht source="OnkelosBereshit47-22">Bereshit 47:22</aht><aht parshan="Onkelos" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="PsJBereshit47-22">Targum Pseudo-Jonathan</aht><aht source="PsJBereshit47-22">Bereshit 47:22</aht><aht parshan="Targum Pseudo-Jonathan" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="RashiBereshit47-22">Rashi</aht><aht source="RashiBereshit47-22">Bereshit 47:22</aht><aht parshan="Rashi" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="IbnEzraBereshit47-26">Ibn Ezra</aht><aht source="IbnEzraBereshit47-26">Bereshit 47:26</aht><aht parshan="R. Avraham ibn Ezra">About Ibn Ezra</aht></multilink>.</li>
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<li>Egyptian ministers – <multilink><a href="ChizkuniBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Chizkuni</a><a href="ChizkuniBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 47:22</a><a href="R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach (Chizkuni)" data-aht="parshan">About Chizkuni</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RalbagBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Ralbag</a><a href="RalbagBereshit47-22" data-aht="source">Bereshit 47:22</a><a href="R. Levi b. Gershom (Ralbag, Gersonides)" data-aht="parshan">About Ralbag</a></multilink>.</li>
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<li>Egyptian ministers – <multilink><aht source="ChizkuniBereshit47-22">Chizkuni</aht><aht source="ChizkuniBereshit47-22">Bereshit 47:22</aht><aht parshan="Chizkuni" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="RalbagBereshit47-22">Ralbag</aht><aht source="RalbagBereshit47-22">Bereshit 47:22</aht><aht parshan="Ralbag" /></multilink>.</li>
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</ul>
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</ul>
 
 
</subcategory>
 
</subcategory>
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<subcategory><a href="Shemot2-16" data-aht="source">Shemot 2:16</a>
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<subcategory><aht source="Shemot2-16">Shemot 2:16</aht>
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<p>See <a href="Yitro – Religious Identity" data-aht="page">Yitro's religious identity</a> for a full discussion.</p><ul>
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<p>See <aht page="Yitro – Religious Identity">Yitro's religious identity</aht> for a full discussion.</p>
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<li>A priest for idolatry – R. Yehoshua in <multilink><a href="MekhiltaAmalek1" data-aht="source">Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael</a><a href="MekhiltaAmalek1" data-aht="source">Yitro Amalek 1</a><a href="Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael" data-aht="parshan">About the Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael</a></multilink>.</li>
−
<ul>
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<li>A priest for Hashem – <multilink><a href="IbnEzraShemot2-16" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraShemot2-16" data-aht="source">Shemot 2:16</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About Ibn Ezra</a></multilink></li>
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<li>A priest for idolatry – R. Yehoshua in <multilink><aht source="MekhiltaAmalek1">Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael</aht><aht source="MekhiltaAmalek1">Yitro Amalek 1</aht><aht parshan="Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael">About the Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael</aht></multilink>.</li>
+
<li>A minister or important person – R. Elazar HaModai in <multilink><a href="MekhiltaAmalek1" data-aht="source">Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael</a><a href="MekhiltaAmalek1" data-aht="source">Yitro Amalek 1</a><a href="Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael" data-aht="parshan">About the Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="OnkelosShemot2-16" data-aht="source">Targum Onkelos</a><a href="OnkelosShemot2-16" data-aht="source">Shemot 2:16</a><a href="Targum Onkelos" data-aht="parshan">About Targum Onkelos</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ChizkuniShemot18-1" data-aht="source">Chizkuni</a><a href="ChizkuniShemot18-1" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:1</a><a href="R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach (Chizkuni)" data-aht="parshan">About Chizkuni</a></multilink>.</li>
−
<li>A priest for Hashem – <multilink><aht source="IbnEzraShemot2-16">Ibn Ezra</aht><aht source="IbnEzraShemot2-16">Shemot 2:16</aht><aht parshan="R. Avraham ibn Ezra">About Ibn Ezra</aht></multilink></li>
+
<li>A religious and a political leader – <multilink><a href="TanchumaShemot11" data-aht="source">Tanchuma</a><a href="TanchumaShemot11" data-aht="source">Yitro 1</a><a href="Tanchuma" data-aht="parshan">About the Tanchuma</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RDZHoffmannShemot2-16" data-aht="source">R. D"Z Hoffmann</a><a href="RDZHoffmannShemot2-16" data-aht="source">Shemot 18:1</a><a href="R. David Zvi Hoffmann" data-aht="parshan">About R. D"Z Hoffmann</a></multilink>.</li>
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<li>A minister or important person – R. Elazar HaModai in <multilink><aht source="MekhiltaAmalek1">Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael</aht><aht source="MekhiltaAmalek1">Yitro Amalek 1</aht><aht parshan="Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael">About the Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael</aht></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="OnkelosShemot2-16">Onkelos</aht><aht source="OnkelosShemot2-16">Shemot 2:16</aht><aht parshan="Onkelos" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="ChizkuniShemot18-1">Chizkuni</aht><aht source="ChizkuniShemot18-1">Shemot 18:1</aht><aht parshan="Chizkuni" /></multilink>.</li>
 
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<li>A religious and a political leader – <multilink><aht source="TanchumaShemot11">Tanchuma</aht><aht source="TanchumaShemot11">Yitro 1</aht><aht parshan="Tanchuma">About the Tanchuma</aht></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="RDZHoffmannShemot2-16">R. D"Z Hoffmann</aht><aht source="RDZHoffmannShemot2-16">Shemot 18:1</aht><aht parshan="R. D&quot;Z Hoffmann" /></multilink>.</li>
 
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
 
</subcategory>
 
</subcategory>
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<subcategory><a href="Shemot19-22" data-aht="source">Shemot 19:22</a>
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<subcategory><aht source="Shemot19-22">Shemot 19:22</aht>
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<ul>
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<ul>
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<li>Priests – see [[#|here]] for various opinions on who functioned as the priests before the building of the Tabernacle.</li>
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<li>Priests – see <aht page="#">here</aht> for various opinions on who functioned as the priests before the building of the Tabernacle.</li>
+
<li>Officers and judges – An additional opinion in <multilink><a href="ChizkuniShemot19-22" data-aht="source">Chizkuni</a><a href="ChizkuniShemot19-22" data-aht="source">19:22</a><a href="R. Chizkiyah b. Manoach (Chizkuni)" data-aht="parshan">About Chizkuni</a></multilink>.</li>
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<li>Officers and judges – An additional opinion in <multilink><aht source="ChizkuniShemot19-22">Chizkuni</aht><aht source="ChizkuniShemot19-22">19:22</aht><aht parshan="Chizkuni" /></multilink>.</li>
 
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
 
</subcategory>
 
</subcategory>
−
 
+
<subcategory><a href="ShemuelII20-26" data-aht="source">Shemuel II 20:26</a>
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<subcategory><aht source="ShemuelII20-26">Shemuel II 20:26</aht>
+
<ul>
−
<ul>
+
<li>A priest – <multilink><a href="Eiruvin63a" data-aht="source">Bavli Eiruvin</a><a href="Eiruvin63a" data-aht="source">Eiruvin 63a</a><a href="Bavli" data-aht="parshan">About the Bavli</a></multilink>.</li>
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<li>A priest – <multilink><aht source="Eiruvin63a">Bavli Eiruvin</aht><aht source="Eiruvin63a">Eiruvin 63a</aht><aht parshan="Talmud Bavli">About the Bavli</aht></multilink>.</li>
+
<li>An officer and judge – <multilink><a href="TargumYonatanShemuelII20-26" data-aht="source">Targum Yonatan</a><a href="TargumYonatanShemuelII20-26" data-aht="source">Shemuel II 20:26</a><a href="Targum Yonatan (Neviim)" data-aht="parshan">About Targum Yonatan</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RashiShemuelII20-26" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiShemuelII20-26" data-aht="source">Shemuel II 20:26</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About Rashi</a></multilink>.</li>
−
<li>An officer and judge – <multilink><aht source="TargumYonatanShemuelII20-26">Targum Yonatan</aht><aht source="TargumYonatanShemuelII20-26">Shemuel II 20:26</aht><aht parshan="Targum Yonatan" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="RashiShemuelII20-26">Rashi</aht><aht source="RashiShemuelII20-26">Shemuel II 20:26</aht><aht parshan="Rashi" /></multilink>.</li>
+
</ul>
−
</ul>
 
 
</subcategory>
 
</subcategory>
−
 
+
<subcategory><a href="MelakhimI4-5" data-aht="source">Melakhim I 4:5</a>
−
<subcategory><aht source="MelakhimI4-5">Melakhim I 4:5</aht>
+
<ul>
−
<ul>
+
<li>A priest – <multilink><a href="TargumYonatanMelakhimI4-5" data-aht="source">Targum Yonatan</a><a href="TargumYonatanMelakhimI4-5" data-aht="source">Melakhim I 4:5</a><a href="Targum Yonatan (Neviim)" data-aht="parshan">About Targum Yonatan (Neviim)</a></multilink>.</li>
−
<li>A priest – <multilink><aht source="TargumYonatanMelakhimI4-5">Targum Yonatan</aht><aht source="TargumYonatanMelakhimI4-5">Melakhim I 4:5</aht><aht parshan="Targum Yonatan" /></multilink>.</li>
+
<li>An advisor of the king – <multilink><a href="RadakShemuelII20-26" data-aht="source">Radak</a><a href="RadakShemuelII20-26" data-aht="source">Shemuel II 20:26</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About Radak</a></multilink>.</li>
−
<li>An advisor of the king – <multilink><aht source="RadakShemuelII20-26">Radak</aht><aht source="RadakShemuelII20-26">Shemuel II 20:26</aht><aht parshan="Radak" /></multilink>.</li>
+
</ul>
−
</ul>
 
 
</subcategory>
 
</subcategory>
−
 
+
<subcategory><a href="MelakhimII10-11" data-aht="source">Melakhim II 10:11</a>
−
<subcategory><aht source="MelakhimII10-11">Melakhim II 10:11</aht>
+
<ul>
−
<ul>
+
<li>Priests for idolatry – <multilink><a href="RadakMelakhimII10-11" data-aht="source">Radak</a><a href="RadakMelakhimII10-11" data-aht="source">Melakhim II 10:11</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About Radak</a></multilink>.</li>
−
<li>Priests for idolatry – <multilink><aht source="RadakMelakhimII10-11">Radak</aht><aht source="RadakMelakhimII10-11">Melakhim II 10:11</aht><aht parshan="Radak" /></multilink>.</li>
+
<li>Ahav's friends – <multilink><a href="TargumYonatanMelakhimII10-11" data-aht="source">Targum Yonatan</a><a href="TargumYonatanMelakhimII10-11" data-aht="source">Melakhim II 10:11</a><a href="Targum Yonatan (Neviim)" data-aht="parshan">About Targum Yonatan (Neviim)</a></multilink>.</li>
−
<li>Ahav's friends – <multilink><aht source="TargumYonatanMelakhimII10-11">Targum Yonatan</aht><aht source="TargumYonatanMelakhimII10-11">Melakhim II 10:11</aht><aht parshan="Targum Yonatan" /></multilink>.</li>
+
</ul>
−
</ul>
 
 
</subcategory>
 
</subcategory>
−
 
+
<subcategory><a href="Tehillim110-4" data-aht="source">Tehillim 110:4</a>
−
<subcategory><aht source="Tehillim110-4">Tehillim 110:4</aht>
+
<ul>
−
<ul>
+
<li>A priest who serves Hashem – <multilink><a href="RashiTehillim110-4" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiTehillim110-4" data-aht="source">Tehillim 110:4</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About Rashi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="IbnEzraTehillim110-4" data-aht="source">Ibn Ezra</a><a href="IbnEzraTehillim110-4" data-aht="source">Tehillim 110:4</a><a href="R. Avraham ibn Ezra" data-aht="parshan">About Ibn Ezra</a></multilink>.</li>
−
<li>A priest who serves Hashem – <multilink><aht source="RashiTehillim110-4">Rashi</aht><aht source="RashiTehillim110-4">Tehillim 110:4</aht><aht parshan="Rashi" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="IbnEzraTehillim110-4">Ibn Ezra</aht><aht source="IbnEzraTehillim110-4">Tehillim 110:4</aht><aht parshan="R. Avraham ibn Ezra">About Ibn Ezra</aht></multilink>.</li>
+
<li>A king or governor – <multilink><a href="RadakTehillim110-4" data-aht="source">Radak</a><a href="RadakTehillim110-4" data-aht="source">Tehillim 110:4</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About Radak</a></multilink>.</li>
−
<li>A king or governor – <multilink><aht source="RadakTehillim110-4">Radak</aht><aht source="RadakTehillim110-4">Tehillim 110:4</aht><aht parshan="Radak" /></multilink>.</li>
+
</ul>
−
</ul>
 
 
</subcategory>
 
</subcategory>
−
 
+
<subcategory><a href="Iyyov12-17" data-aht="source">Iyyov 12:17,19</a>
−
<subcategory><aht source="Iyyov12-17">Iyyov 12:17,19</aht>
+
<ul>
−
<ul>
+
<li>Priests – <multilink><a href="MalbimIyyov12-19" data-aht="source">Malbim</a><a href="MalbimIyyov12-19" data-aht="source">Iyyov 12:19</a><a href="R. Meir Leibush Weiser (Malbim)" data-aht="parshan">About Malbim</a></multilink>.</li>
−
<li>Priests – <multilink><aht source="MalbimIyyov12-19">Malbim</aht><aht source="MalbimIyyov12-19">Iyyov 12:19</aht><aht parshan="Malbim" /></multilink>.</li>
+
<li>Ministers – <multilink><a href="RashiIyyov12-19" data-aht="source">Rashi</a><a href="RashiIyyov12-19" data-aht="source">Iyyov 12:19</a><a href="R. Shelomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)" data-aht="parshan">About Rashi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RalbagIyyov12-19" data-aht="source">Ralbag</a><a href="RalbagIyyov12-19" data-aht="source">Iyyov 12:19</a><a href="R. Levi b. Gershom (Ralbag, Gersonides)" data-aht="parshan">About Ralbag</a></multilink>.</li>
−
<li>Ministers – <multilink><aht source="RashiIyyov12-19">Rashi</aht><aht source="RashiIyyov12-19">Iyyov 12:19</aht><aht parshan="Rashi" /></multilink>, <multilink><aht source="RalbagIyyov12-19">Ralbag</aht><aht source="RalbagIyyov12-19">Iyyov 12:19</aht><aht parshan="Ralbag" /></multilink>.</li>
 
 
</ul>
 
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<category>Idioms
 
<category>Idioms
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<category>Relationship to Synonyms
 
<category>Relationship to Synonyms
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<subcategory><p></p><ul>
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<p></p>
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<category>Semantic Evolution
 
<category>Semantic Evolution
 
<subcategory>Intra-Biblical
 
<subcategory>Intra-Biblical
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<p></p>
 
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<subcategory>Rabbinic Hebrew
 
<subcategory>Rabbinic Hebrew
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<p></p>
 
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<subcategory>Modern Hebrew
 
<subcategory>Modern Hebrew
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Latest revision as of 16:02, 4 July 2019

כֹּהֵן

כֹּהֵן
Part of SpeechNoun
Occurrences
Possible Meanings
  1. Priest
  2. Distinguished individual
  3. –
Related Wordsכהן

Possible Meanings

1. Priest

  • Biblical verses – The vast majority of the occurrences of both the noun כֹּהֵן and verb כהן refer to a priest who works in the service of either Hashem or an idolatrous god.
  • Additional data –

2. Distinguished individual

  • Biblical verses – In Shemuel II 8:18,1 כֹּהֵן does not speak of a priest, but rather of a different type of distinguished individual – see below for options. See also Yeshayahu 61:10 where the verb yekhahen does not mean to serve as a priest, but rather to be adorned or clothed (perhaps, like a priest).
  • Additional data – 

Commentators who adopt the position that a kohen does not always mean a priest, must further decide whether in these cases the term signifies a distinguished person or a person who serves:

Disputed Cases

There are a number of cases where commentators disagree as to whether the term kohen is a religious or secular title (in many of these the kohen is in the service of a king):

Bereshit 41:45

Bereshit 47:22

Shemot 2:16

Shemot 19:22

  • Priests – see here for various opinions on who functioned as the priests before the building of the Tabernacle.
  • Officers and judges – An additional opinion in Chizkuni19:22About Chizkuni.

Shemuel II 20:26

Melakhim I 4:5

Melakhim II 10:11

Tehillim 110:4

Iyyov 12:17,19

Idioms

  • –
  • –

Relationship to Synonyms

  • –
  • –

Semantic Evolution

Intra-Biblical

Rabbinic Hebrew

Modern Hebrew

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