Difference between revisions of "Historical Setting of Tehillim 118/2"
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<category>Coronation of David | <category>Coronation of David | ||
| + | <p>The psalm was said by David after his coronation in thanksgiving to Hashem for past salvations that enabled him to attain the throne.</p> | ||
<mekorot><multilink><a href="BavliPesachim119a" data-aht="source">Bavli Pesachim</a><a href="BavliPesachim119a" data-aht="source">Pesachim 119a</a><a href="Talmud Bavli" data-aht="parshan">About the Bavli</a></multilink>,<multilink><a href="RadakTehillim118" data-aht="source"> Radak</a><a href="RadakTehillim118" data-aht="source">Tehillim 118</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Kimchi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AnonymousNorthernFrenchTehillim118" data-aht="source">Anonymous Northern French</a><a href="AnonymousNorthernFrenchTehillim118" data-aht="source">Tehillim 118</a><a href="Anonymous Northern French" data-aht="parshan">About Anonymous Northern French</a></multilink></mekorot> | <mekorot><multilink><a href="BavliPesachim119a" data-aht="source">Bavli Pesachim</a><a href="BavliPesachim119a" data-aht="source">Pesachim 119a</a><a href="Talmud Bavli" data-aht="parshan">About the Bavli</a></multilink>,<multilink><a href="RadakTehillim118" data-aht="source"> Radak</a><a href="RadakTehillim118" data-aht="source">Tehillim 118</a><a href="R. David Kimchi (Radak)" data-aht="parshan">About R. David Kimchi</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="AnonymousNorthernFrenchTehillim118" data-aht="source">Anonymous Northern French</a><a href="AnonymousNorthernFrenchTehillim118" data-aht="source">Tehillim 118</a><a href="Anonymous Northern French" data-aht="parshan">About Anonymous Northern French</a></multilink></mekorot> | ||
<point><b>יֹאמַר נָא יִשְׂרָאֵל,  בֵית אַהֲרֹן,   יִרְאֵי י"י</b> – According to Radak, after David was kinged, he called on all of Israel to thank Hashem for his anointment, singling out individual groups which would have specific cause for gratitude:<br/> | <point><b>יֹאמַר נָא יִשְׂרָאֵל,  בֵית אַהֲרֹן,   יִרְאֵי י"י</b> – According to Radak, after David was kinged, he called on all of Israel to thank Hashem for his anointment, singling out individual groups which would have specific cause for gratitude:<br/> | ||
<ul> | <ul> | ||
| − | <li> | + | <li>יֹ<b>אמַר נָא יִשְׂרָאֵל</b> – David tells Israel at large that they should be thankful for he will help them defeat their enemies.</li> |
| − | <li> | + | <li><b>יֹאמְרוּ נָא בֵית אַהֲרֹן </b>–The priests should be grateful that David was replacing Shaul who had killed off the priests of Nov.</li> |
| − | <li> | + | <li><b>יֹאמְרוּ נָא יִרְאֵי י"י</b> –The righteous, too, have reason to praise Hashem, as David's reign was to usher in a period pf peace which would give them time to study.</li> |
</ul></point> | </ul></point> | ||
<point><b>"מִן הַמֵּצַר קָרָאתִי"</b> – David recalls how he had been forced to flee from Shaul and hide in narrow straits, and thanks Hashem for saving him.</point> | <point><b>"מִן הַמֵּצַר קָרָאתִי"</b> – David recalls how he had been forced to flee from Shaul and hide in narrow straits, and thanks Hashem for saving him.</point> | ||
| − | <point><b>"כׇּל גּוֹיִם סְבָבוּנִי "</b> – In these words David shifts from speaking about internal enemies to external enemies | + | <point><b>טוֹב לַחֲסוֹת בַּי"י מִבְּטֹחַ בָּאָדָם</b> – David might be referring here specifically to his trip to Nov when fleeing from Shaul and his request of assistance from the priests there.  Though David received the aid requested, the act was viewed by Doeg who informed on them to Shaul, leading to massacre.  Alternatively David is referring to his failed attempt to hide inthe Philistine lands when he was forced to act as a drunkard to save himself from death.</point> |
| − | <point><b>"לֹא אָמוּת כִּי אֶחְיֶה"</b> – David now speaks about all his | + | <point><b>"כׇּל גּוֹיִם סְבָבוּנִי "</b> – In these words David shifts from speaking about individual, internal enemies to external national enemies: the Philistines who attempted to harm him in Gat, and the Amalekites who attacked Ziklag. He praises Hashem for keeping him from falling before these enemies.</point> |
| − | <point><b>יַסֹּר יִסְּרַנִּי יָּהּ</b> – David view his suffering as Hashem's means of cleansing him from sin</point> | + | <point><b>קוֹל רִנָּה וִישׁוּעָה בְּאׇהֳלֵי צַדִּיקִים</b></point> |
| − | <point><b>פתחו לי שערי צדק</b></point> | + | <point><b>"לֹא אָמוּת כִּי אֶחְיֶה וַאֲסַפֵּר מַעֲשֵׂי יָהּ"</b> – David now speaks about all his travails together, thanking Hashem that none of his enemies were successful in actually killing him, enabling him to now praise Hashem and share the wonders He did with David.  The words "וַאֲסַפֵּר מַעֲשֵׂי יָהּ" might refer to the many psalms of Tehillim that David wrote in honor or HAshem's saving of him from personal rials.</point> |
| + | <point><b>"יַסֹּר יִסְּרַנִּי יָּהּ"</b> – David view his suffering as Hashem's means of cleansing him from sin</point> | ||
| + | <point><b>פתחו לי שערי צדק</b> – Radak suggests that the "gates of righteousness" are a metaphor for praise and thanksgiving, perhaps they refer to the gates of any place of worship in which praise is given and are used metonymically to refer to praise.  an entry point way for David to call</point> | ||
</category> | </category> | ||
<category name="Thanksgiving Offering"> | <category name="Thanksgiving Offering"> | ||
Version as of 20:13, 8 April 2019
The Historical Setting of Tehillim 118
Exegetical Approaches
Coronation of David
The psalm was said by David after his coronation in thanksgiving to Hashem for past salvations that enabled him to attain the throne.
יֹאמַר נָא יִשְׂרָאֵל, בֵית אַהֲרֹן, יִרְאֵי י"י – According to Radak, after David was kinged, he called on all of Israel to thank Hashem for his anointment, singling out individual groups which would have specific cause for gratitude:
- יֹאמַר נָא יִשְׂרָאֵל – David tells Israel at large that they should be thankful for he will help them defeat their enemies.
- יֹאמְרוּ נָא בֵית אַהֲרֹן –The priests should be grateful that David was replacing Shaul who had killed off the priests of Nov.
- יֹאמְרוּ נָא יִרְאֵי י"י –The righteous, too, have reason to praise Hashem, as David's reign was to usher in a period pf peace which would give them time to study.
"מִן הַמֵּצַר קָרָאתִי" – David recalls how he had been forced to flee from Shaul and hide in narrow straits, and thanks Hashem for saving him.
טוֹב לַחֲסוֹת בַּי"י מִבְּטֹחַ בָּאָדָם – David might be referring here specifically to his trip to Nov when fleeing from Shaul and his request of assistance from the priests there. Though David received the aid requested, the act was viewed by Doeg who informed on them to Shaul, leading to massacre. Alternatively David is referring to his failed attempt to hide inthe Philistine lands when he was forced to act as a drunkard to save himself from death.
"כׇּל גּוֹיִם סְבָבוּנִי " – In these words David shifts from speaking about individual, internal enemies to external national enemies: the Philistines who attempted to harm him in Gat, and the Amalekites who attacked Ziklag. He praises Hashem for keeping him from falling before these enemies.
קוֹל רִנָּה וִישׁוּעָה בְּאׇהֳלֵי צַדִּיקִים
"לֹא אָמוּת כִּי אֶחְיֶה וַאֲסַפֵּר מַעֲשֵׂי יָהּ" – David now speaks about all his travails together, thanking Hashem that none of his enemies were successful in actually killing him, enabling him to now praise Hashem and share the wonders He did with David. The words "וַאֲסַפֵּר מַעֲשֵׂי יָהּ" might refer to the many psalms of Tehillim that David wrote in honor or HAshem's saving of him from personal rials.
"יַסֹּר יִסְּרַנִּי יָּהּ" – David view his suffering as Hashem's means of cleansing him from sin
פתחו לי שערי צדק – Radak suggests that the "gates of righteousness" are a metaphor for praise and thanksgiving, perhaps they refer to the gates of any place of worship in which praise is given and are used metonymically to refer to praise. an entry point way for David to call
Laymen Bringing a Thanksgiving Offering
Sources:Rashbam, Netiv Binah, Daat Mikra
