Shomerim/2

Shomerim

Exegetical Approaches

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The first passage is dealing with an unpaid guard, while the second is dealing with a paid guard.

Sources:Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Shemot22:822:11About Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Shemot, Bavli Bava MetziaBava Metzia 94bAbout the Bavli, RashiShemot 22:9About R. Shelomo Yitzchaki, RashbamTosafot Bava Metzia 41bAbout R. Shemuel b. Meir, Ibn EzraShemot First Commentary 22:6Shemot First Commentary 22:9About R. Avraham ibn Ezra, R. Yosef Bekhor ShorShemot 22:6-9About R. Yosef Bekhor Shor, RambanShemot 22:6About R. Moshe b. Nachman, RalbagShemot Beur HaParashah 22:8Shemot Beur HaParashah 22:13-14About R. Levi b. Gershom, AbarbanelShemot 22About R. Yitzchak Abarbanel

Sources:Targum Pseudo-JonathanShemot 22:6-14About Targum Pseudo-Jonathan

The first passage is dealing with a guardian of "כֶּסֶף אוֹ כֵלִים", while the second is dealing with "כׇל בְּהֵמָה".

Sources:Possibility in Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Shemot22:8About Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael Shemot, RashbamShemot 22:6About R. Shemuel b. Meir, ShadalShemot 22:6About R. Shemuel David Luzzatto, Hoil MosheShemot 22:6About R. Moshe Yitzchak Ashkenazi

"וְנִקְרַב בַּעַל הַבַּיִת אֶל הָאֱלֹהִים" – Both Rashbam and Shadal understand this to mean an investigation by the court ("הָאֱלֹהִים"), rather than an oath.

"עַל כׇּל דְּבַר פֶּשַׁע" – According to Rashbam, verse 8 is continuing the case of verse 7. However, according to Shadal, verse 8 is dealing with a separate case, in which the guardian denies that the object is a deposit, but rather claims ownership on it.