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  • Whom and Where Did the Plagues Strike/4
    <opinion>To educate – Philo</opinion> <opinion>They lived side by side throughout Egypt – Philo, Tanchuma, Shemot Rabbah</opinion>
    680 bytes (87 words) - 23:33, 28 November 2013
  • Commentators:Philo/0
    <h1>Philo – Intellectual Profile</h1> <title>Philo</title>
    3 KB (374 words) - 05:34, 25 May 2015
  • A Portrait of Lot/0
    ..."source">On Abraham XXXVII:212</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>,
    2 KB (272 words) - 01:01, 20 November 2014
  • Commentators:Philo/5
    <h1>Philo</h1>
    2 KB (254 words) - 03:15, 29 November 2013
  • Whom and Where Did the Plagues Strike/3
    <opinion>To demonstrate Hashem's wondrous ways – Philo, Akeidat Yitzchak</opinion> <opinion>No – Philo, Tanchuma, Shemot Rabbah, Bemidbar Rabbah, Rambam</opinion>
    4 KB (505 words) - 14:03, 10 April 2014
  • Pinechas – Action and Reward/3
    <opinion>Sexual and idolatrous (Philo, Josephus, Abarbanel)</opinion> <opinion>It did not; the plague continued until all sinners had died (Philo, Josephus)</opinion>
    2 KB (249 words) - 11:57, 28 January 2023
  • Yitro/0
    ..., in <a href="PhiloNamesXVII" data-aht="source">On the Change of Names</a> Philo also says that the name Reuel has a positive meaning ("shepherd of God"), a
    5 KB (797 words) - 17:49, 14 February 2015
  • Kayin's Sacrifice Rejected/2/en
    ...f="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>,<fn>See, however, Philo's alternative explanation cited below.</fn> <multilink><a href="BereshitRab <point><b>"וַיְהִי מִקֵּץ יָמִים"</b> – Philo deduces from these words that Kayin brought his offering only "after some d
    14 KB (2,015 words) - 03:47, 24 December 2019
  • Shabbat Table Topics – Parashat Kedoshim/0/en
    ...">The Special Laws IV: 203-217</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>&#160;and <multilink><a href="JosephusAntiquitiesoftheJews4-
    5 KB (707 words) - 04:20, 22 August 2019
  • Reparations and Despoiling Egypt/3
    <opinion>Despoil – Philo, Bavli Berakhot 9b, Pesachim 119a, Sforno, Cassuto.</opinion>
    1 KB (188 words) - 13:24, 28 January 2023
  • Did Moshe Need Yitro's Advice/3
    <opinion>Arrogant – Philo.</opinion>
    2 KB (271 words) - 13:04, 24 July 2019
  • Dictionary:צְפַרְדֵּעַ/0
    ...ce">On the Life of Moses I:XIX</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="ShemotRabbah10-6" data-aht="source">Sh <li><b>Purpose of the Plagues</b> – Philo asserts that Hashem preferred "to admonish the Egyptians [rather] than to d
    14 KB (2,028 words) - 03:38, 24 December 2019
  • Pesach and Chag HaMatzot – A Two for One/0
    ...h.<fn>The omer celebration is the fifth. In his elaboration on this list, Philo reverses the order of the fifth and sixth festivals, placing Chag HaMatzot
    10 KB (1,624 words) - 21:09, 30 July 2015
  • How Many Plagues Were There/1/en
    ...Life of Moses I, XVII (96-97)</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>.</fn> and the earliest record of the phrase "עֶשֶׂר �
    7 KB (1,037 words) - 23:02, 5 January 2022
  • Egyptian Background and the Exodus Narrative/0
    ...On the Life of Moses I:IV (17)</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Josephus2-9" data-aht="source">Josephu
    7 KB (1,095 words) - 03:29, 24 December 2019
  • Dictionary:עָרֹב/0
    ...Life of Moses I XXIII:130-132</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, .../fn> and the verse is just implying that the "עָרֹב" stung the Egyptians. Philo, though, speaks of dog-flies who leech "blood and flesh."</li>
    19 KB (2,760 words) - 12:50, 28 January 2023
  • The Decalogue – Division and Design/2
    ...e</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>,<fn>As Philo paraphrases the various utterances in his own language it is difficult to k <point><b>Depiction on tablets</b> – Philo and Josephus assert that there were five utterances written on each tablet.
    17 KB (2,351 words) - 04:03, 2 June 2022
  • Injury to Bystanders and the Meaning of "יהיה אסון"/2
    ...ce">The Special Laws 3:108-109</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink></mekorot> <li><b>Intended target</b> – Philo, in contrast, assumes that the assailant attacked the pregnant woman intent
    26 KB (3,868 words) - 03:21, 24 December 2019
  • Purpose of the Laws of Hybrids/2
    ...relationship with Hashem, but with nature, animals, or other humans. Thus, Philo claims that the common denominator between the various laws is that they se ...">The Special Laws IV: 208-217</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink> #1, <multilink><a href="RashbamVayikra19-19" data-aht="sour
    26 KB (3,940 words) - 09:04, 2 December 2020
  • Pinechas – Action and Reward/2
    ...latrous behavior which was more obviously deserving of capital punishment. Philo and Josephus present Pinechas as initiating the purging of the Peor worship ...rce">On the Life of Moses I:LV</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Josephus4-6" data-aht="source">Josephu
    30 KB (4,858 words) - 11:48, 28 January 2023
  • Nimrod/2
    ...t="source">On the Giants 65-66</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="JosephusAntiquitiesoftheJews1-4-2-3" d ...ciating Nimrod with his father, Kush, or Ethiopia. In his work, On Giants, Philo alternatively posits that the name means "deserter" and refers to one who h
    22 KB (3,293 words) - 12:19, 28 January 2023
  • Avraham and Iyyov/0
    ...="source">32:1-4</a><a href="Pseudo-Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Pseudo-Philo</a></multilink>, and <multilink><a href="BavliSanhedrin89b" data-aht="sourc
    12 KB (1,724 words) - 12:33, 24 July 2019
  • "עַיִן תַּחַת עַיִן" – An Eye for an Eye/2
    ...going back to the time of the second Beit HaMikdash, such as Jubilees and Philo, render the verse literally, later Rabbinic sources almost unanimously reje ...S. Belkin, Philo and the Oral Law (Mass., 1940): 97-103 who maintains that Philo's position on this matter is debatable.</fn> Boethusians cited in <multilin
    29 KB (4,264 words) - 02:47, 31 July 2023
  • Divine Plurals/2
    ...<a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>,<fn>This is Philo's understanding in his work, "On the Confusion of Tongues".&#160; In "On Dr <li><b>Creation </b>– Philo, Ibn Ezra, Abarbanel and Sforno, in contrast, suggest that the angels playe
    25 KB (3,738 words) - 12:25, 28 January 2023
  • Why Did Yosef Frame Binyamin/2
    ...source">Philo, On Joseph XXXIX</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, ...they treated him and whether they had changed their ways.<fn>According to Philo, since Binyamin was also a son of the beloved Rachel, Yosef was fearful tha
    25 KB (3,879 words) - 12:50, 28 January 2023
  • Pinechas Impales Zimri and Kozbi in Art/0/en
    ...rce">On the Life of Moses I:LV</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Josephus4-6" data-aht="source">Josephu
    11 KB (1,710 words) - 03:37, 24 December 2019
  • How Many Plagues Were There/2
    ...Life of Moses I, XVII (96-97)</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <point><b>Purpose of the miracles</b> – Jubilees and Philo view the Plagues as retributive and punitive in character. Alternatively, t
    21 KB (3,174 words) - 11:57, 28 January 2023
  • Purpose of the Captive Woman Protocol/2
    ...eathen can wed an Israelite. For both Hellenistic Jewish commentators like Philo and modern Italian commentators such as the Hoil Moshe, the moral issue pre ...source">On the Virtues 110-115</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>,
    32 KB (5,002 words) - 15:49, 4 July 2019
  • Yitro – Names/2
    ...erd of God"),<fn>Cf. the etymologies given for both names in the Mekhilta. Philo links רעואל to a shepherd (רועה), while the Mekhilta connects it t ...ave two different connotations – This requires further development.<fn>Cf. Philo's attempt cited above.</fn></li>
    34 KB (5,360 words) - 17:24, 4 July 2019
  • Sarah's Treatment of Hagar/2
    ...Answers on Genesis, III:25-26</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>,&#160;<multilink><a href="JosephusAntiquitiesoftheJews1-10- <li><b>Affliction</b> – Philo maintains the simple meaning of the word, understanding that Sarah oppresse
    23 KB (3,531 words) - 10:39, 28 January 2023
  • Whom and Where Did the Plagues Strike/2
    ...e Life of Moses I XXVI:143-146</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Josephus2-14" data-aht="source">Joseph ...h between an Egyptian and an Israelite standing next to each other.<fn>See Philo who adds that there was even a double miracle in the Plague of Blood, in wh
    45 KB (6,725 words) - 13:08, 24 July 2019
  • "לֹא תְבַשֵּׁל גְּדִי בַּחֲלֵב אִמּוֹ"/2
    ...source">On the Virtues 142-144</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="TargumNeofitiShemot23-19" data-aht="so ...eans the milk of the goat's mother, according to most of these sources,<fn>Philo is exceptional, as he understands that one is allowed to boil meat in anoth
    33 KB (4,942 words) - 11:34, 28 January 2023
  • Moshe's Killing of the Egyptian/2/en
    ...to death, and thus Moshe's action was not murder but rather saving a life. Philo and Rabbinic Midrashim similarly vilify the Egyptian's character by attribu ...e">On the Life of Moses 1:VIII</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink> below who describes it as a pious action. For additional so
    34 KB (5,090 words) - 03:35, 24 December 2019
  • Patterns in the Plagues/2
    ...Life of Moses I, XVII (96-97)</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>. The structure would be simpler if שְׁחִין, too, wer ...Life of Moses I, XVII (96-97)</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, but he does not divide them by triad.</fn></point>
    28 KB (4,058 words) - 11:54, 28 January 2023
  • Barren Women/0
    ...and Answers on Genesis III 18</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink> and <multilink><a href="RadakBereshit25-20" data-aht="sourc
    18 KB (2,684 words) - 12:34, 24 July 2019
  • Purpose of the Laws of Kashrut/2
    ...4</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink> #2,<fn>Philo combines this approach with the position that the animals were restricted i ...the Mishna</a></multilink>.</fn> which are forbidden are predatory.<fn>See Philo who points out that Hashem permitted herbivorous animals since their nature
    39 KB (5,766 words) - 11:13, 7 April 2024
  • Where in Egypt Did the Israelites Live/2
    ...e Life of Moses I XXVI:143-146</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="IbnEzraShemotShortCommentary1-7" data- <li><b>Ethnic distinction</b> – Philo asserts that, in reality, the plagues differentiated based on ethnicity rat
    28 KB (4,153 words) - 00:04, 6 January 2017
  • Did Moshe Need Yitro's Advice/2/en
    ...e.' However, it is difficult to find any textual basis for his tirade, and Philo himself praises Yitro's proposal in <a href="PhiloLawsIV-XXXIII-173" data-a
    29 KB (4,560 words) - 14:23, 31 January 2024
  • Yitro – Religious Identity/2
    ...treatments of Yitro's character, however, differ greatly from each other. Philo's portrayal of Yitro is negative to the extreme.<fn>See Prof. Louis Feldman
    34 KB (5,370 words) - 11:40, 4 July 2019
  • Purpose of the Plagues/2
    ...>On the Life of Moses XXIV:134</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="SifreDevarim306" data-aht="source">Sif <li><b>Hashem as creator</b> – Philo, Tzeror HaMor and R. Eliezer Ashkenazi assert that the destruction wrought
    47 KB (7,248 words) - 00:53, 7 August 2023
  • Why Bless Esav/2
    ...and Answers on Genesis, IV:198</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RadakBereshit27-4-5" data-aht="source"
    27 KB (4,370 words) - 13:04, 28 January 2023
  • Yosef's Economic Policies/2
    ...ata-aht="source">On Joseph, 43</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="BavliChulin60b" data-aht="source">Talm <li><b>Honesty</b>&#160;– Many commentators<fn>See Philo, R. Avraham b. HaRambam, Radak, Ramban, Ibn Kaspi, Ralbag, and Netziv.</fn>
    28 KB (4,249 words) - 13:01, 13 December 2018
  • Yitzchak's Role in the Akeidah/2
    ...="source">32:2-4</a><a href="Pseudo-Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Pseudo-Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="TargumYerushalmiNeofitiBereshit22-8" d
    24 KB (3,754 words) - 03:28, 15 November 2019
  • בני הא־להים and בנות האדם/2/en
    ...ce">On the Giants 4:2,4-5, 7-8</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="Josephus1-3" data-aht="source">Josephu ...שָׂר וְהָיוּ יָמָיו מֵאָה וְעֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה"</b> – Of these sources, only Philo, Josephus and Cassuto address the verse, with each understanding the role o
    43 KB (6,434 words) - 13:12, 26 November 2020
  • Yiftach's Vow/2
    ...tiquities, 39-40</a><a href="Pseudo-Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Pseudo-Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="BavliTaanit4a" data-aht="source">Bavli ...ns have been drawn between the two stories already from the time of Pseudo-Philo, who has Yiftach's daughter compare herself to Yitzchak who went willingly
    31 KB (4,674 words) - 15:15, 25 February 2024
  • Reparations and Despoiling Egypt/2/en
    ...ries of slavery or compensation for expropriated property. Others, such as Philo and R. Yosef Bekhor Shor, focus instead on the more immediate bellicose beh ...co-Roman era which accused the Jews of stealing Egyptian valuables.<fn>See Philo below who appears to be countering similar claims, and see below for the Ra
    63 KB (9,437 words) - 12:14, 28 January 2023
  • Purpose of the Pesach/2
    ...ions and Answers on Exodus #12</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink> and <multilink><a href="RDZHoffmannShemot12-12" data-aht="s ...yet been chosen in Egypt, the entire nation functioned as priests,<fn>Cf. Philo and R. D"Z Hoffmann below. Interestingly, the phrase of "עַל רֹאשׁ�
    68 KB (10,448 words) - 12:30, 28 January 2023
  • Purpose of Shemittah/2
    ...ource">The Special Laws IV 215</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RambamMorehNevukhim3-39" data-aht="sou
    25 KB (3,977 words) - 12:18, 20 May 2019
  • Avraham's Guests – Angels or Men/2
    ..."source">On Abraham XXII-XXIII</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, Kirkisani the Karaite, <multilink><a href="RashbamBereshit <li><b>"אֲדֹנָי אִם נָא מָצָאתִי חֵן בְּעֵינֶיךָ"</b> – According to Philo, Shadal, and R. D"Z Hoffmann, the term "אֲדֹנָי" refers to the angel
    67 KB (10,373 words) - 10:32, 28 January 2023
  • Arei Miklat – Cities of Refuge or Exile/2
    ...ce">The Special Laws 3:120-133</a><a href="Philo" data-aht="parshan">About Philo</a></multilink>, <multilink><a href="RalbagBemidbar35-25" data-aht="source"
    28 KB (4,405 words) - 12:16, 28 January 2023

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